一种新型磷矿捕收剂的制备及浮选性能分析
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摘要
为了改善脂肪酸类药剂浮选性能,利用乳酸对棉油酸进行改性处理,通过浮选确定药剂合成的最佳条件,并对最佳反应条件下的合成药剂进行红外光谱表征、酯化率测定以及同几种工业化药剂浮选性能对比试验。结果表明:最佳反应条件为,棉油酸与乳酸的质量比为103,反应温度为120℃,反应时间为120 min;红外光谱测试显示合成药剂含有官能团为羟基、羧基、酯基,表明棉油酸跟乳酸发生了酯化反应,酯化率为39.98%;合成药剂对中低品位胶磷矿有较好的选择性及捕收能力。在原矿P_2O_5品位21.56%、浮选温度20℃、药剂用量0.9 kg/t条件下,经过正浮选一次粗选得到精矿P_2O_5品位24.89%、回收率80.39%、选矿效率10.56%的浮选指标,且各项指标均远优于其它四种工业化药剂以及原料棉油酸皂;该合成药剂原料廉价易得,无毒无污染,合成工艺简单,相对于其它几种药剂用量低,浮选指标优异,有着良好的应用前景。
In order to improve the flotation performance of fatty acid agents,the modification of cotton oleic acid with lactic acid was carried out, and the optimum conditions for synthetic agents were determined by flotation. And then the synthetic agents were characterized by infrared spectrum, the esterification rate was determined and the comparison test of flotation performance of several industrial chemicals. The results show that the optimum reaction conditions are:the mass ratio of cotton oleic acid to lactic acid is 10:3, the reaction temperature is 120 ℃, and the reaction time is 120 min; The infrared spectrum shows that he functional group contains hydroxyl group, carboxyl group and ester group, which indicated that the esterification reaction between cottonseed acid and lactic acid is carried out, and the esterification rate is 39.98%; Synthetic agent has better selectivity and collecting ability for mid-low grade collophane. Under the parameters of the flotation temperature of 20 ℃, and the dosage of 0.9 kg/t, the grade of P_2O_5 was eventually improved from 21.56% to 24.89% with the recovery of 80.39% and the mineral processing efficiency of 10.56% after normal flotation.and the indexes are far superior to those of the other four industrial agents and the raw cotton oil acid soap. It has no toxicity, no pollution, simple synthetic process, low dosage of insecticides, excellent flotation index and thus has a good application prospect.
In order to improve the flotation performance of fatty acid agents,the modification of cotton oleic acid with lactic acid was carried out, and the optimum conditions for synthetic agents were determined by flotation. And then the synthetic agents were characterized by infrared spectrum, the esterification rate was determined and the comparison test of flotation performance of several industrial chemicals. The results show that the optimum reaction conditions are:the mass ratio of cotton oleic acid to lactic acid is 10:3, the reaction temperature is 120 ℃, and the reaction time is 120 min; The infrared spectrum shows that he functional group contains hydroxyl group, carboxyl group and ester group, which indicated that the esterification reaction between cottonseed acid and lactic acid is carried out, and the esterification rate is 39.98%; Synthetic agent has better selectivity and collecting ability for mid-low grade collophane. Under the parameters of the flotation temperature of 20 ℃, and the dosage of 0.9 kg/t, the grade of P_2O_5 was eventually improved from 21.56% to 24.89% with the recovery of 80.39% and the mineral processing efficiency of 10.56% after normal flotation.and the indexes are far superior to those of the other four industrial agents and the raw cotton oil acid soap. It has no toxicity, no pollution, simple synthetic process, low dosage of insecticides, excellent flotation index and thus has a good application prospect.
引文
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[10] 饶欢欢.柠檬酸酯基羧酸新型捕收剂的合成及浮选性能研究[D].武汉:武汉工程大学,2016.
[2] 沙惠雨,刘长淼,冯安生.阴离子捕收剂对胶磷矿单矿物浮选行为的影响[J].矿产保护与利用,2016(3):26-30.
[3] 罗惠华,陈婷婷,陈慧.宜昌中品位胶磷矿双反浮选试验研究[J].化工矿物与加工,2010,39(1):4-6,9.
[4] 李海兵,彭桦,彭杰,等.云南东川某胶磷矿正浮选脱除倍半氧化物试验研究[J].磷肥与复肥,2013(3):18-20.
[5] 朱玉霜,朱建光.浮选药剂的化学原理[M].长沙:中南工业大学出版社,1996:56-62,112-114.
[6] 罗惠华,汤家焰,李成秀,等.脂肪酸酰胺化磷矿捕收剂的合成与浮选性能[J].化工矿物与加工,2015,44(10):1-4.
[7] 荣国斌,苏克曼.大学有机化学基础[M].上海:化学工业出版社,2000:438.
[8] 荣国斌,苏克曼.大学有机化学基础[M].上海:化学工业出版社,2000:439.
[9] 罗惠华,饶欢欢,李成秀,等.新型胶磷矿复合脂肪酸阴离子型捕收剂的合成与浮选性能研究[J].现代矿业,2016,32(1):66-70.
[10] 饶欢欢.柠檬酸酯基羧酸新型捕收剂的合成及浮选性能研究[D].武汉:武汉工程大学,2016.