帆船运动员运动成绩与个性特征等因素的相关性
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摘要
目的探讨帆船运动员运动成绩与个性特征等因素的相关性。方法对青岛市41名帆船运动员进行艾森克人格问卷(EPQ)测评,了解其个性特征,采用Pearson相关分析和多元逐步回归分析探讨运动成绩的影响因素。结果不同年龄段、不同性别帆船运动员EPQ的部分分量表得分与中国常模比较差异有统计学意义(t=2.177～6.071,P<0.05、0.01)。帆船运动员运动成绩与训练时间、教练级别、EPQ的E分量表和L分量表得分呈正相关(r=0.374～0.699,P<0.05、0.01),与居住地呈负相关(r=-0.469,P<0.01)。回归分析显示,性别、E分量表和L分量表得分进入回归方程,是影响运动成绩的主要因素(t=2.062～5.185,P<0.05、0.01)。结论帆船运动员的个性特征与普通人群有显著差异,其运动成绩受训练时间、性别、教练级别等因素及个性特征影响,在训练和比赛期间可以对运动员进行有针对性的心理训练与调整。
Objective To investigate the correlation of sport performance with personality traits and other factors in sailors. Methods Eysenck Personality Questionnaire(EPS)was used to investigate the personality traits of 41 sailors from Qingdao,China,and Pearson correlation analysis and multiple stepwise regression analysis were used to identify the influencing factors for sport performance. Results There were significant differences between the scores of some EPQ subscales of the sailors with different ages or sexes and the Chinese norm(t=2.177-6.071,P<0.05 or P<0.01).Sport performance was positively correlated with training time,coach level,and the scores on E and L subscales of EPQ(r=0.374-0.699,P<0.05 or P<0.01)and negatively correlated with place of residence(r=-0.469,P<0.01).The regression analysis showed that sex and scores on E and L subscales were major influencing factors for sport performance(t=2.062-5.185,P<0.05 or P<0.01). Conclusion There is a significant difference in personality traits between sailors and general population.Their sport performance is influenced by training time,sex,coach level,and personality traits,and therefore,targeted psychological training and adjustment can be performed during training and competition.
Objective To investigate the correlation of sport performance with personality traits and other factors in sailors. Methods Eysenck Personality Questionnaire(EPS)was used to investigate the personality traits of 41 sailors from Qingdao,China,and Pearson correlation analysis and multiple stepwise regression analysis were used to identify the influencing factors for sport performance. Results There were significant differences between the scores of some EPQ subscales of the sailors with different ages or sexes and the Chinese norm(t=2.177-6.071,P<0.05 or P<0.01).Sport performance was positively correlated with training time,coach level,and the scores on E and L subscales of EPQ(r=0.374-0.699,P<0.05 or P<0.01)and negatively correlated with place of residence(r=-0.469,P<0.01).The regression analysis showed that sex and scores on E and L subscales were major influencing factors for sport performance(t=2.062-5.185,P<0.05 or P<0.01). Conclusion There is a significant difference in personality traits between sailors and general population.Their sport performance is influenced by training time,sex,coach level,and personality traits,and therefore,targeted psychological training and adjustment can be performed during training and competition.
引文
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[22]肖遥,何为,崔福亮.简析心理因素对排球比赛中发球技术的影响[J].青少年体育,2018,68(12):47,127.
[23]金秉康.年轻运动员的心理健康问题研究进展[J].运动人体科学,2018,8(33):17-18.
[24]王惠民,崔秋耕.利用肌电反馈技术进行心理控制训练研究[J].体育科学,1991,11(4):84-87.
[2]王秀强,姬庆春,毛丽娟.运动员的人格类型研究[J].上海体育学院学报,2016,40(1):67-73.
[3]Deborah Durso Cupal.Psychological interventions in sport injury prevention and rehabilitation[J].Journal of Applied Sport Psychology,1998,10(1):103-123.
[4]钱铭怡.艾森克人格问卷简式量表中国版[J].心理学报,2000,32(3):317-323.
[5]朱小毛,张文桥,胡玉华.近20年我国高水平大学生运动员心理健康研究现状述评[J].体育科技文献通报,2016,24(8):37-40.
[6]HOLLANDER D B.Successful English Channel swimming:the peak experience[J].The Sport Psychologist,2000,26(14):1-16.
[7]李莎,黄映.四川省跳水运动员心理特征的综合研究[J].四川体育科学,2017,36(1):49-64.
[8]刘延颖,满斌.卡特尔16种人格因素测验在不同职业中的应用进展[J].职业与健康,2014,30(14):2024-2027.
[9]方配素.运动员人格构念系统信息提取及其主要特征研究[J].西安体育学院学报,2009,26(2):245-251.
[10]邢喆,丁樑,樊朋志.影响网球比赛运动员成绩的心理因素分析[J].体育研究与教育(研究生论文专刊),2013,28(12):46-48.
[11]王佳琦.摔跤运动员个性特征与选材[J].体育大视野,2017,7(9):234-236.
[12]丁雪琴,郭松,陈勇嘉,等.青少年运动员的心理发展及心理调节[J].中国体育科技,2003,39(2):17-19.
[13]李静,刘贺.青少年运动员心理坚韧性的特点[J].体育学刊,2009,16(5):83-86.
[14]李春君,王君,蔡希青.大学生足球运动员人格特征分析[J].四川体育科学,2018,37(1):34-87.
[15]李勇戈.短道速滑运动员心理素质特征及培养途径[J].冰雪运动,2017,39(3):31-34.
[16]汪琴,凌建英.青少年皮艇运动员心理素质训练探讨[J].竞技体育,2016,135(4):26-91.
[17]孙佳宇.1 500米短道速滑运动员的赛前状态及调节[J].东方教育,2015(1):270-271.
[18]陈伟光.高山滑雪运动员心理调整训练研究[J].哈尔滨体育学院学报,2015,33(3):31-35.
[19]焦士华,项飞.运动员在不同运动特征中人格差异性研究综述[J].四川体育科学,2013,5(5):53-55.
[20]何鸣.影响少年女子短跑运动员100m跑成绩的诸因素之量化分析[J].武汉体育学院学报,2000,137(4):100-102.
[21]张海洋.实施系统性心理能力培养增强短道速滑运动员竞技心理稳定性的研究[J].科学与财富,2015,28(10):345.
[22]肖遥,何为,崔福亮.简析心理因素对排球比赛中发球技术的影响[J].青少年体育,2018,68(12):47,127.
[23]金秉康.年轻运动员的心理健康问题研究进展[J].运动人体科学,2018,8(33):17-18.
[24]王惠民,崔秋耕.利用肌电反馈技术进行心理控制训练研究[J].体育科学,1991,11(4):84-87.