河北沽源县未利用地宜耕、宜建及生态风险综合评价
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摘要
土地资源的紧缺,势必对粮食安全产生不良效应,影响整个社会生活的稳定。所以,对未利用地的整治开发,是补充和保护土地资源的重要举措。通过科学引导土地开发利用,分析未利用地宜耕、宜建及生态风险,综合评价其开发利用方向和功能分区,是目前土地工作的重点,可为解决土地供求冲突的途径指明方向。通过对河北沽源县未利用地进行宜耕、宜建及生态风险分析,并运用遗传算法和权衡模型对多重适宜性评价结果进行有效综合,初步划定其用地功能分区,可以解决多种开发方向间的牵制问题提供借鉴,为全国的相似区域未利用地资源整治提供前期有效示范。结果表明:(1)沽源县未利用地宜耕开发可划分为4个等级,多为二级宜耕未利用地,主要分布在县域北部和西南部;(2)宜建开发可分4个等级,多为一级宜建未利用地,主要集中在县域的中北部;(3)就未利用地的生态风险评价而言,可划分为五级,多为中低生态风险区,生态风险整体上表现为南高北低;(4)沽源县的未利用地可初步划分为耕作用地、建设用地、生态用地3种用地功能区,耕作用地功能区大多分布在县域西北部,建设用地功能区主要位于县域中部,生态用地功能区大多分散在县域南部。
The shortage of land resources will have adverse effects on food security inevitably and affect the stability of the entire social life.Therefore,the remediation and development of unutilized land is a requirement of the times and an important measure for supplementing and ensuring land resources.By guiding the development and utilization of unutilized land scientifically,analyzing the arable suitability,constructive suitability and ecological risk of unused land,and evaluating synthetically the direction and function of its development and utilization zoning,and addressing the direction of land supply and demand conflicts are the focuses of land work.We analyzed the arable suitability,constructive suitability and ecological risk of unutilized land in Guyuan County of Hebei,and validated the multiple suitability evaluation results by coupling model and genetic algorithm comprehensive and preliminary delineation of the functional zoning of its land,which can provide reference for solving the problem of containment among multiple development directions,can also provide pre-effective demonstration of resource management for similar areas in the whole country.The results illustrated that:(1)the exploitation suitability of the arable unutilized land included four grades in Guyuan County,mostly the second-class cultivated unused land,mainly concentrated in northern and southwestern parts of the county;(2)the constructive suitability of the unutilized land has four grades,mostly the first-class constructive unused land,mainly concentrated in the north central area of the county;(3)unused land ecological risk assessment,can be divided into five levels,mostly low and medium ecological in the risk area,the ecological risk as a whole is high in the south and low in the north;(4)it can be divided into three kinds of key function partitions,cultivated land,construction land and ecological land in GuyuanCounty;most of the cultivated land functional areas are located in the northwest of the county;the functional areas for construction land are mainly located in the central part of the county;most of the functional areas for ecological land use are scattered south of the county.
The shortage of land resources will have adverse effects on food security inevitably and affect the stability of the entire social life.Therefore,the remediation and development of unutilized land is a requirement of the times and an important measure for supplementing and ensuring land resources.By guiding the development and utilization of unutilized land scientifically,analyzing the arable suitability,constructive suitability and ecological risk of unused land,and evaluating synthetically the direction and function of its development and utilization zoning,and addressing the direction of land supply and demand conflicts are the focuses of land work.We analyzed the arable suitability,constructive suitability and ecological risk of unutilized land in Guyuan County of Hebei,and validated the multiple suitability evaluation results by coupling model and genetic algorithm comprehensive and preliminary delineation of the functional zoning of its land,which can provide reference for solving the problem of containment among multiple development directions,can also provide pre-effective demonstration of resource management for similar areas in the whole country.The results illustrated that:(1)the exploitation suitability of the arable unutilized land included four grades in Guyuan County,mostly the second-class cultivated unused land,mainly concentrated in northern and southwestern parts of the county;(2)the constructive suitability of the unutilized land has four grades,mostly the first-class constructive unused land,mainly concentrated in the north central area of the county;(3)unused land ecological risk assessment,can be divided into five levels,mostly low and medium ecological in the risk area,the ecological risk as a whole is high in the south and low in the north;(4)it can be divided into three kinds of key function partitions,cultivated land,construction land and ecological land in GuyuanCounty;most of the cultivated land functional areas are located in the northwest of the county;the functional areas for construction land are mainly located in the central part of the county;most of the functional areas for ecological land use are scattered south of the county.
引文
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[15]刘耀林,焦利民.基于计算智能的土地适宜性评价模型[J].武汉大学学报:信息科学版,2005,30(4):283-287.
[16]苏亚艺,朱道林,曲衍波,等.基于堆龙德庆县的生态脆弱区宜耕未利用土地开发适宜性综合评价[J].中国土地科学,2014,28(7):76-81,97.
[17]类淑霞,郝晋珉,王丽敏.生态脆弱区宜耕未利用土地开发适宜性评价:以山西省大同市为例[J].中国生态农业学报,2011,19(6):1417-1423.
[18]袁磊,赵俊三,李红波,等.云南山区宜耕未利用地开发适宜性评价与潜力分区[J].农业工程学报,2013,29(16):229-237.
[19]王华,刘耀林,姬盈利.基于多目标微粒群优化算法的土地利用分区模型[J].农业工程学报,2012,28(12):237-244.
[20]杨永芳,刘玉振,朱连奇.土地利用冲突权衡的理论与方法[J].地域研究与开发,2012,31(5):172-176.
[21]刘艳芳,李兴林,龚红波.基于遗传算法的土地利用结构优化研究[J].武汉大学学报:信息科学版,2005,30(4):288-292.
[22] Cao K,Batty M,Huang B,et al.Spatial multi-objective land use optimization:extensions to the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-Ⅱ[J].International Journal of Geographical Information Science,2011,25(12):1949-1969.
[2]Wei Y D,Ye X.Urbanization,urban land expansion and environmental change in China[J].Stochastic Environmental Research&Risk Assessment,2014,28(4):757-765.
[3]唐常春,孙威.长江流域国土空间开发适宜性综合评价[J].地理学报,2012,67(12):1587-1598.
[4]关小克,张凤荣,郭力娜,等.北京市耕地多目标适宜性评价及空间布局研究[J].资源科学,2010,32(3):580-587.
[5]李春越,谢永生.黄土高原土地资源生态经济适宜性评价指标体系初步研究[J].水土保持通报,2005,25(2):53-56.
[6]张凤荣,郭力娜,关小克,等.生态安全观下耕地后备资源评价指标体系探讨[J].中国土地科学,2009,23(9):4-8,14.
[7]舒帮荣,黄琪,刘友兆,等.基于变权的城镇用地扩展生态适宜性空间模糊评价:以江苏省太仓市为例[J].自然资源学报,2012,27(3):402-412.
[8]金贵,王占岐,胡学东,等.基于模糊证据权模型的青藏高原区土地适宜性评价[J].农业工程学报,2013,29(18):241-250.
[9]唐常春,孙威.长江流域国土空间开发适宜性综合评价[J].地理学报,2012,67(12):1587-1598.
[10] Afshari M,Mafi E.Land capability assessment for regional planning using AHP and GIS at Shandiz urban region,northeast Iran[J].Environment&Urbanization Asia,2014,5(1):105-118.
[11] Pereira J,Lucien D L.A multiple criteria decisionmaking approach to GIS-based land suitability evaluation[J].International Journal of Geographical Information Systems,1993,7(5):407-424.
[12] Fitzsimons J,Pearson C J,Lawson C,et al.Evaluation of land-use planning in greenbelts based on intrinsic characteristics and stakeholder values[J].Landscape&Urban Planning,2012,106(1):23-34.
[13]欧阳志云,王如松,符贵南.生态位适宜度模型及其在土地利用适宜性评价中的应用[J].生态学报,1996,16(2):113-120.
[14]廖和平.未利用地适宜性评价方法研究:以攀枝花市仁和区为例[J].西南师范大学学报:自然科学版,1997,22(2):199-205.
[15]刘耀林,焦利民.基于计算智能的土地适宜性评价模型[J].武汉大学学报:信息科学版,2005,30(4):283-287.
[16]苏亚艺,朱道林,曲衍波,等.基于堆龙德庆县的生态脆弱区宜耕未利用土地开发适宜性综合评价[J].中国土地科学,2014,28(7):76-81,97.
[17]类淑霞,郝晋珉,王丽敏.生态脆弱区宜耕未利用土地开发适宜性评价:以山西省大同市为例[J].中国生态农业学报,2011,19(6):1417-1423.
[18]袁磊,赵俊三,李红波,等.云南山区宜耕未利用地开发适宜性评价与潜力分区[J].农业工程学报,2013,29(16):229-237.
[19]王华,刘耀林,姬盈利.基于多目标微粒群优化算法的土地利用分区模型[J].农业工程学报,2012,28(12):237-244.
[20]杨永芳,刘玉振,朱连奇.土地利用冲突权衡的理论与方法[J].地域研究与开发,2012,31(5):172-176.
[21]刘艳芳,李兴林,龚红波.基于遗传算法的土地利用结构优化研究[J].武汉大学学报:信息科学版,2005,30(4):288-292.
[22] Cao K,Batty M,Huang B,et al.Spatial multi-objective land use optimization:extensions to the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-Ⅱ[J].International Journal of Geographical Information Science,2011,25(12):1949-1969.