地震作用下铁路斜拉桥动力响应及行车安全性研究
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摘要
为研究高速铁路斜拉桥在地震作用下的车-桥耦合动力响应及列车走行性能,以新建杭长客专铁路长沙段(112 m+80 m+32 m)槽型截面独塔斜拉桥为研究对象,利用车-线-桥耦合动力学分析软件TRBF-DYNA建立了考虑地震作用的列车-轨道-桥梁耦合系统空间动力分析模型。采用等效荷载法计算轨道-桥梁子系统的地震响应,通过考虑拟静力位移分量,将钢轨相对地震响应转化为绝对坐标系下动力响应,最终通过空间轮轨滚动接触模型将地震作用传递至车辆子系统。对比分析了不同列车运行速度和不同地震强度条件下桥梁、列车动力响应的变化规律,评估了列车行车安全性能。结果表明:地震对列车运行安全性有显著影响,根据我国规范可判断列车在7度、8度、9度多遇地震下的安全行车速度阈值分别为200 km/h、180 km/h和140 km/h;根据轮轨接触评判准则,在80 km/h~240 km/h的行车速度范围内,在7度、8度和9度多遇地震下轮轨相对位移仍在安全范围内。
To investigate the train-bridge coupling dynamic responses and train running performances of high-speed railway cable-stayed bridge system under earthquake, a single tower cable-stayed bridge(112 m+80 m+32 m) with channel section, which is located in Changsha part of Hangzhou-Changsha dedicated passenger line, was taken for a case study. A spatial dynamic analysis model of train-track-bridge coupled system subjected to earthquakes was established by computational analysis software TRBF-DYNA. The seismic responses of track-bridge subsystem were calculated by the equivalent load method. The relative seismic responses of rail were transformed to the dynamic response in the absolute coordinate system through considering pseudo-static displacement component. Finally the seismic action was applied to the train through the spatial wheel-rail rolling contact model. The variations of bridge-train dynamic responses and train running safety were analyzed under different running speeds and seismic intensities. The results show that seismic excitations have significant influence on the train running safety, and the safety velocity thresholds of train corresponding to the frequent earthquake intensities of 7, 8 and 9 are respectively 200 km/h, 180km/h and 140 km/h according to Chinese national code. Meanwhile, according to the wheel-rail contact judgment criteria, the wheel-rail relative displacements are still within safety range under frequent earthquakes with intensity of 7, 8 and 9 when the range of train speed is from 80 km/h to 240 km/h.
To investigate the train-bridge coupling dynamic responses and train running performances of high-speed railway cable-stayed bridge system under earthquake, a single tower cable-stayed bridge(112 m+80 m+32 m) with channel section, which is located in Changsha part of Hangzhou-Changsha dedicated passenger line, was taken for a case study. A spatial dynamic analysis model of train-track-bridge coupled system subjected to earthquakes was established by computational analysis software TRBF-DYNA. The seismic responses of track-bridge subsystem were calculated by the equivalent load method. The relative seismic responses of rail were transformed to the dynamic response in the absolute coordinate system through considering pseudo-static displacement component. Finally the seismic action was applied to the train through the spatial wheel-rail rolling contact model. The variations of bridge-train dynamic responses and train running safety were analyzed under different running speeds and seismic intensities. The results show that seismic excitations have significant influence on the train running safety, and the safety velocity thresholds of train corresponding to the frequent earthquake intensities of 7, 8 and 9 are respectively 200 km/h, 180km/h and 140 km/h according to Chinese national code. Meanwhile, according to the wheel-rail contact judgment criteria, the wheel-rail relative displacements are still within safety range under frequent earthquakes with intensity of 7, 8 and 9 when the range of train speed is from 80 km/h to 240 km/h.
引文
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[19]黄海燕,谢旭,吴冬雁,等.预应力混凝土部分斜拉桥的阻尼特性[J].浙江大学学报(工学版),2012,46(5):804―810.Huang Haiyan,Xie Xu,Wu Dongyan,et al.Damping characteristics of PC partial cable-stayed bridge[J].Journal of Zhejiang University,Engineering Science,2012,46(5):804―810.(in Chinese)
[2]Yang Y B,Wu Y S.Dynamic stability of trains moving over bridges shaken by earthquakes[J].Journal of Sound and Vibration,2002,258(1):65―94.
[3]Hu N,Dai G L,Yan B,et al.Recent development of design and construction of medium and long span high-speed railway bridges in China[J].Engineering Structures,2014,74(1):233―241.
[4]Nishimura K,Terumichi Y,Morimura T,et al.Development of vehicle dynamics simulation for safety analyses of rail vehicles on excited tracks[J].Journal of Computational and Nonlinear Dynamics,2009,4(1):53―63.
[5]邓子铭,郭向荣,张志勇.地震作用对钢桁梁桥车桥系统耦合振动的影响分析[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2011,42(1):184―191.Deng Ziming,Guo Xiangrong,Zhang Zhiyong.Coupled vibration of train-bridge system of steel truss bridge with seismic effect[J].Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2011.42(1):184―191.(in Chinese)
[6]Chen L K,Jiang L Z,Zeng Z P,et al.Numerical modeling and simulation on seismic performance of high-speed railway bridge system[J].Noise and Vibration Worldwide,2012,235(5):569―574.
[7]Tanabe M,Matsumoto N,Wakui H,et al.A simple and efficient numerical method for dynamic interaction analysis of a high-speed train and railway structure during an earthquake[J].Journal of Computational and Nonlinear Dynamics,2008,3(4):1896―1905.
[8]翟婉明,夏禾.列车-轨道-桥梁动力相互作用理论与工程应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2011:196―206,89―96,114―125.Zhai Wanming,Xia He.Train-track-bridge dynamic interaction theory and engineering applications[M].Beijing:Science Press,2011:196―206,89―96,114―125.(in Chinese)
[9]雷虎军,李小珍.地震作用下高墩刚构桥行车安全性分析[J].地震工程与工程振动,2014,34(5):87―93.Lei Hujun,Li Xiaozhen.Train running safety analysis of high-pier rigid frame bridge under earthquake action[J].Earthquake Engineering And Engineering Dynamics,2014,34(5):87―93.(in Chinese)
[10]韩艳,夏禾,郭薇薇.斜拉桥在地震与列车荷载同时作用下的动力响应分析[J].工程力学,2006,23(1):93―98.Han Yan,Xia He,Guo Weiwei.Dynamic response of cable-stayed bridge to running trains and earthquakes[J].Engineering Mechanics,2006,23(1):93―98.(in Chinese)
[11]熊建珍,高芒芒,俞翰斌.天兴洲长江大桥斜拉桥在地震作用下的车-桥耦合振动分析[J].中国铁道科学,2006,27(5):54―59.Xiong Jianzhen,Gao Mangmang,Yu Hanbin.Vehicle-bridge coupling vibration analysis of cablestayed bridge of Tianxingzhou Yangtze River bridge under earthquakes[J].China Railway Science,2006,27(5):54―59.(in Chinese)
[12]翟婉明,陈果.根据车轮抬升量评判车辆脱轨的方法与准则[J].铁道学报,2001,23(2):17―26.Zhai Wanming,Chen Guo.Method and criteria for evaluation of wheel derailment based on wheel vertical rise[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,2001,23(2):17―26.(in Chinese)
[13]王开云,王少林,杨久川,等.地震环境下铁路轮轨动态安全性能及脱轨研究进展[J].地震工程与工程振动,2012,32(6):82―94.Wang Kaiyun,Wang Shaolin,Yang Jiuchuan,et al.Progress in study on wheel/rail dynamic safety and derailment of railway during an earthquake[J].Journal of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration,2012,32(6):82―94.(in Chinese)
[14]Jin X S,Xiao X B,Ling L,et al.Study on safety boundary for high-speed train running in severe environments[J].International Journal of Rail Transportation,2013,1(1/2):87―108.
[15]朱志辉,朱玉龙,余志武,郭向荣.96 m钢箱系杆拱桥动力响应及行车安全性分析[J].中国铁道科学,2013,34(6):21―29.Zhu Zhihui,Zhu Yulong,Yu Zhiwu,Guo Xiangrong.Analysis on the dynamic response and running safety of96 m steel box tied arch Bridge[J].China Railway Science,2013,34(6):21―29.(in Chinese)
[16]于海丰,张耀春.地震动输入方法研究[J].工程力学,2009,26(1):1―6.Yu Haifeng,Zhang Yaochun.Discussion on earthquake input method[J].Engineering Mechanics,2009,26(1):1―6.(in Chinese)
[17]雷虎军,李小珍.拟静力分量对列车-轨道-桥梁系统地震响应的影响[J].西南交通大学学报,2015,50(1):124―130.Lei Hujun,Li Xiaozhen.Effects of Structural Quasi-static Components on Seismic Responses of Train-TrackBridge System[J].Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University,2015,50(1):124―130.(in Chinese)
[18]张宝胜,布占宇,徐爱敏.斜拉桥地震响应分析中比例阻尼参考振型的选取[J].中国公路学报,2008,21(6):76―82.Zhang Baosheng,Bu Zhanyu,Xu Aimin.Reference vibration shape selection of proportional damping in seismic response analysis of cable-stayed bridge[J].China Journal of Highway and Transport,2008,21(6):76―82.(in Chinese)
[19]黄海燕,谢旭,吴冬雁,等.预应力混凝土部分斜拉桥的阻尼特性[J].浙江大学学报(工学版),2012,46(5):804―810.Huang Haiyan,Xie Xu,Wu Dongyan,et al.Damping characteristics of PC partial cable-stayed bridge[J].Journal of Zhejiang University,Engineering Science,2012,46(5):804―810.(in Chinese)