地层切片技术在沉积相研究中的应用探讨
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摘要
通过分析地层切片技术的使用原则和适用条件,探讨地层切片技术在沉积相研究中的适用性和使用方法。以陆丰13-1油田恩平组上段为例,依据高分辨率层序地层学理论,以分频解释为基础建立等时地层格架,在最小等时单元内应用地层切片提取多种属性进行沉积相展布研究,提出了合理利用地层切片预测岩性的思路。研究表明:在分频地震数据体上寻找不随频率变化的低级序等时地层界面,能较好地确定地层切片研究的最小等时单元,保证切片等时标准面的地球物理与沉积的等时性,为井控地层切片属性研究奠定了基础;地震波阻抗反演数据体可以作为地层切片识别岩性的输入数据体;在钻井分层控制下,以等比例地层切片方式提取地层属性,这样的地层切片更具等时性和地质意义。
This article analysis the using principles and application conditions of strata slice technique,discuss the applicability and usage of strata slice technique.We set Lufeng 13-1oil field as an example,based on theory of high resolution sequence stratigraphy,with the spectral decomposition technique, high resolution isochronal stratigraphic framework was built.In order to discuss the reasonable approach to predict reservoir lithology using strata slice,we collect various seismic attributes to analyze the distribution and evolution of sedimentary facies in minimum isochronous research unit with strata slice technique.The research shows that:we looked for lower-order isochronous stratigraphic interfaces maintained invariable in frequency-division seismic data,which can be properly determined minimum isochronous research unit of strata slice,and ensure standard interface items of strata slice has geophysical and depositional isochronous,lays the foundation for well-controlled seismic attributes of strata slice;Impedance inversion can be used as input data to identify lithology with strata slice.We use scale strata slice to extract seismic attributes with control of drilling layer,in order to make the strataslice more isochronous and explicit geological significance.
This article analysis the using principles and application conditions of strata slice technique,discuss the applicability and usage of strata slice technique.We set Lufeng 13-1oil field as an example,based on theory of high resolution sequence stratigraphy,with the spectral decomposition technique, high resolution isochronal stratigraphic framework was built.In order to discuss the reasonable approach to predict reservoir lithology using strata slice,we collect various seismic attributes to analyze the distribution and evolution of sedimentary facies in minimum isochronous research unit with strata slice technique.The research shows that:we looked for lower-order isochronous stratigraphic interfaces maintained invariable in frequency-division seismic data,which can be properly determined minimum isochronous research unit of strata slice,and ensure standard interface items of strata slice has geophysical and depositional isochronous,lays the foundation for well-controlled seismic attributes of strata slice;Impedance inversion can be used as input data to identify lithology with strata slice.We use scale strata slice to extract seismic attributes with control of drilling layer,in order to make the strataslice more isochronous and explicit geological significance.
引文
[1]Brown A R,Dahm C G,Graebner R J.A stratigraphic case history using three dimensional seismic data in the gulf of Thailand.Geophysical Prospecting,1981,29(3):327-349.
[2]Zeng Hongliu,Henry S C,Riola J P.Stratal slicing,PartⅡ:Real seismic data.Geophysics,1998,63(2):514-522.
[3]Zeng Hongliu,Backus M M,Barrow K T et al.Stratal slicing,PartⅠ:Realistic 3-D seismic model.Geophysics,1998,63(2):502-513.
[4]董春梅,张宪国,林承焰.有关地震沉积学若干问题的探讨.石油地球物理勘探,2006,41(4):405-409.Dong Chunmei,Zhang Xianguo,Lin Chengyan.Discussions on several issues about seismic sedimentology.OGP,2006,41(4):405-409.
[5]曾洪流,朱筱敏,朱如凯等.陆相坳陷型盆地地震沉积学研究规范.石油勘探与开发,2012,39(3):275-284.Zeng Hongliu,Zhu Xiaomin,Zhu Rukai et al.Guidelines for seismic sedimentologic study in non-marine postrift basins.Petroleum Exploration and Development,2012,39(3):275-284.
[6]钱荣钧.对地震切片解释中一些问题的分析.石油地球物理勘探,2007,42(4):482-487.Qian Rongjun.Analysis of some issues in interpretation of seismic slices.OGP,2007,42(4):482-487.
[7]张军华,周振晓,谭明友等.地震切片解释中的几个理论问题.石油地球物理勘探,2007,42(3):348-352,361.Zhang Junhua,Zhou Zhenxiao,Tan Mingyou et al.Discussions on several issues in seismic slice interpretation.OGP,2007,42(3):348-352,361.
[8]邓宏文.高分辨率层序地层学应用中的问题探析.古地理学报,2009,11(5):471-480.Deng Hongwen.Discussions on problems of applying high resolution sequence stratigraphy.Journal of Palaeogeography,2009,11(5):471-480.
[9]王学习,毕建军,王利功等.地层切片穿时现象对地震属性的影响.物探与化探,2012,36(1):94-98.Wang Xuexi,Bi Jianjun,Wang Ligong et al.The impact of time-crossing of strata slice on seismic attributes.Geophysical&Geochemical Exploration,2012,36(1):94-98.
[10]赵海华,吴明荣.关于地震沉积学几个问题的讨论.油气地球物理,2009,7(3):9-13.Zhao Haihua,Wu Mingrong.Disscussion on several issues about seismic sedimentology.Petroleum Geophysics,2009,7(3):9-13.
[11]刘丹,徐伟.随机反演在陆丰13-1油田储层预测中的应用.物探化探计算技术,2012,34(3):331-335.Liu Dan,Xu Wei.Application of stochastic inversion in the reservoir prediction of LuFeng 13-1Oil Field.Computing Techniques for Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,2012,34(1):331-335.
[12]凌云,晓宇,孙德胜等.薄储层叠后反演影响因素分析与地震属性解释研究.石油物探,2008,47(6):532-558.Ling Yun,Xi Xiaoyu,Sun Desheng et al.Analysis on affecting factors of post-stack inversion and seismic attribute interpretation of thin reservoir.GPP,2008,47(6):532-558.
[13]沈财余,江洁,赵华等.测井约束地震反演解决地质问题能力的探讨.石油地球物理勘探,2002,37(4):372-376.Shen Caiyu,Jiang Jie,Zhao Hua et al.Approaching ability of using well-log-constrained inversion to solve geologic problems.OGP,2002,37(4):372-376.
[14]沈财余,阎向华.测井约束地震反演的分辨率与地震分辨率的关系.石油物探,1999,38(4):96-106.Shen Caiyu,Yan Xianghua.Relation between the resolution of well log constrained seismic inversion and seismic resolution.GPP,1999,38(4):96-106.
[15]撒利明,杨午阳,姚逢昌等.地震反演技术回顾与展望.石油地球物理勘探,2015,50(1):184-202.Sa Liming,Yang Wuyang,Yao Fengchang et al.Past,present,and future of geophysical inversion.OGP,2015,50(1):184-202.
[16]张国栋,刘萱,田丽花等.综合应用地震属性与地震反演进行储层描述.石油地球物理勘探,2010,45(1):137-144.Zhang Guodong,Liu Xuan,Tian Lihua et al.Integrated application of seismic attribute and seismic inversion in reservoir characterization.OGP,2010,45(1):137-144.
[2]Zeng Hongliu,Henry S C,Riola J P.Stratal slicing,PartⅡ:Real seismic data.Geophysics,1998,63(2):514-522.
[3]Zeng Hongliu,Backus M M,Barrow K T et al.Stratal slicing,PartⅠ:Realistic 3-D seismic model.Geophysics,1998,63(2):502-513.
[4]董春梅,张宪国,林承焰.有关地震沉积学若干问题的探讨.石油地球物理勘探,2006,41(4):405-409.Dong Chunmei,Zhang Xianguo,Lin Chengyan.Discussions on several issues about seismic sedimentology.OGP,2006,41(4):405-409.
[5]曾洪流,朱筱敏,朱如凯等.陆相坳陷型盆地地震沉积学研究规范.石油勘探与开发,2012,39(3):275-284.Zeng Hongliu,Zhu Xiaomin,Zhu Rukai et al.Guidelines for seismic sedimentologic study in non-marine postrift basins.Petroleum Exploration and Development,2012,39(3):275-284.
[6]钱荣钧.对地震切片解释中一些问题的分析.石油地球物理勘探,2007,42(4):482-487.Qian Rongjun.Analysis of some issues in interpretation of seismic slices.OGP,2007,42(4):482-487.
[7]张军华,周振晓,谭明友等.地震切片解释中的几个理论问题.石油地球物理勘探,2007,42(3):348-352,361.Zhang Junhua,Zhou Zhenxiao,Tan Mingyou et al.Discussions on several issues in seismic slice interpretation.OGP,2007,42(3):348-352,361.
[8]邓宏文.高分辨率层序地层学应用中的问题探析.古地理学报,2009,11(5):471-480.Deng Hongwen.Discussions on problems of applying high resolution sequence stratigraphy.Journal of Palaeogeography,2009,11(5):471-480.
[9]王学习,毕建军,王利功等.地层切片穿时现象对地震属性的影响.物探与化探,2012,36(1):94-98.Wang Xuexi,Bi Jianjun,Wang Ligong et al.The impact of time-crossing of strata slice on seismic attributes.Geophysical&Geochemical Exploration,2012,36(1):94-98.
[10]赵海华,吴明荣.关于地震沉积学几个问题的讨论.油气地球物理,2009,7(3):9-13.Zhao Haihua,Wu Mingrong.Disscussion on several issues about seismic sedimentology.Petroleum Geophysics,2009,7(3):9-13.
[11]刘丹,徐伟.随机反演在陆丰13-1油田储层预测中的应用.物探化探计算技术,2012,34(3):331-335.Liu Dan,Xu Wei.Application of stochastic inversion in the reservoir prediction of LuFeng 13-1Oil Field.Computing Techniques for Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,2012,34(1):331-335.
[12]凌云,晓宇,孙德胜等.薄储层叠后反演影响因素分析与地震属性解释研究.石油物探,2008,47(6):532-558.Ling Yun,Xi Xiaoyu,Sun Desheng et al.Analysis on affecting factors of post-stack inversion and seismic attribute interpretation of thin reservoir.GPP,2008,47(6):532-558.
[13]沈财余,江洁,赵华等.测井约束地震反演解决地质问题能力的探讨.石油地球物理勘探,2002,37(4):372-376.Shen Caiyu,Jiang Jie,Zhao Hua et al.Approaching ability of using well-log-constrained inversion to solve geologic problems.OGP,2002,37(4):372-376.
[14]沈财余,阎向华.测井约束地震反演的分辨率与地震分辨率的关系.石油物探,1999,38(4):96-106.Shen Caiyu,Yan Xianghua.Relation between the resolution of well log constrained seismic inversion and seismic resolution.GPP,1999,38(4):96-106.
[15]撒利明,杨午阳,姚逢昌等.地震反演技术回顾与展望.石油地球物理勘探,2015,50(1):184-202.Sa Liming,Yang Wuyang,Yao Fengchang et al.Past,present,and future of geophysical inversion.OGP,2015,50(1):184-202.
[16]张国栋,刘萱,田丽花等.综合应用地震属性与地震反演进行储层描述.石油地球物理勘探,2010,45(1):137-144.Zhang Guodong,Liu Xuan,Tian Lihua et al.Integrated application of seismic attribute and seismic inversion in reservoir characterization.OGP,2010,45(1):137-144.