川西盐源两个碳酸岩杂岩体的厘定及其地质意义
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摘要
川西盐源地区马丝缧和干沟两个碳酸岩杂岩体位于盐源-丽江推覆构造带的茶铺子-巴折脆-韧性断裂带内。根据两个杂岩体的地质分布、产状、岩石矿物共生组合、围岩蚀变类型等特征,确认其具有岩浆侵入体的典型特征,非前人划分的变质沉积碳酸盐岩。这两个碳酸岩杂岩体与冕宁-德昌稀土成矿带的其他碳酸岩-碱性岩杂岩体有类似的特征。在茶铺子-巴折一带也发现了明显的多金属、稀土、铀等矿化。这一发现为盐源-丽江推覆构造带的大地构造演化和区域成矿系统研究提供了重要的资料,为寻找类似于牦牛坪的稀土等矿床提供了重要线索。
The Masilei and Gangou carbonatite intrusive complexes were discovered in the Yanyuan area of western Sichuan based on geological and mineralogical investigations. Tectonically,the two complexes are located in the Chapuzi-Bazhe brittle- ductile fault of the Yanyuan-Lijiang Nappe Belt. The carbonatite complexes are veins in shape without fossil,and intruded the wall rocks. The rocks are mainly composed of calcite,plagioclase,rutile and exhibit magmatic crystallization structure. In addition,lamprophyre and diabase dykes occurring along the fault belts are also found in the adjacent area. The distribution,occurrence,rock association,mineral paragenesis and wall-rock alteration of the two complexes,argue that they are igneous carbonatite intrusives rather than the metamorphic sedimentary carbonate rocks previously suggested. Both of them are similar to the other carbonatite-alkaline igneous complexes along the Mianning-Dechang Rare Earth Element(REEs) Metallogenic Belt. The polymetallic,rare earth,uranium mineralization is also found in the Chapuzi-Bazhe Zone. Therefore,the discovery of the two carbonatite intrusive complexes provided new evidence for the tectonic evolution and regional metallogenic system along the Yanyuan-Lijiang Nappe Belt,and new clue for the prospecting of the Maoniupingt-Type Deposit.
The Masilei and Gangou carbonatite intrusive complexes were discovered in the Yanyuan area of western Sichuan based on geological and mineralogical investigations. Tectonically,the two complexes are located in the Chapuzi-Bazhe brittle- ductile fault of the Yanyuan-Lijiang Nappe Belt. The carbonatite complexes are veins in shape without fossil,and intruded the wall rocks. The rocks are mainly composed of calcite,plagioclase,rutile and exhibit magmatic crystallization structure. In addition,lamprophyre and diabase dykes occurring along the fault belts are also found in the adjacent area. The distribution,occurrence,rock association,mineral paragenesis and wall-rock alteration of the two complexes,argue that they are igneous carbonatite intrusives rather than the metamorphic sedimentary carbonate rocks previously suggested. Both of them are similar to the other carbonatite-alkaline igneous complexes along the Mianning-Dechang Rare Earth Element(REEs) Metallogenic Belt. The polymetallic,rare earth,uranium mineralization is also found in the Chapuzi-Bazhe Zone. Therefore,the discovery of the two carbonatite intrusive complexes provided new evidence for the tectonic evolution and regional metallogenic system along the Yanyuan-Lijiang Nappe Belt,and new clue for the prospecting of the Maoniupingt-Type Deposit.
引文
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Hou Z Q,Tian S H,Yuan Z X,Xie Y L,Yin S P,Yi L S,Fei H C and Yang Z M.2006.The Himalayan collision zone carbonatites in western Sichuan,SW China:Petrogenesis,mantle source and tectonic implication.Earth and Planetary Science Letters,244(1-2):234 -250.
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Zhang Y B,Wei Q R,Xiu C Y and Wang H.1998.Discovery of the Proterozoic low-grade metamorphic submarine carbonatite lavas in China.Chinese Science Bulletin,43(5):416-420.
①四川地质局第一区测队.1971.盐源幅G-47-6 1/20万区域地质测量报告:131.
侯增谦.2008.青藏高原碰撞造山与成矿作用.北京:地质出版社:980.
侯增谦,田世洪,谢玉玲,袁忠信,杨竹森,尹淑苹,费红彩,邹天人,李小渝,杨志明.2008.川西冕宁-德昌喜马拉雅期稀土元素成矿带:矿床地质特征与区域成矿模型.矿床地质,27(2):145-176.
胡文洁,田世洪,王素平,陈林杰,苏嫒娜,岳量,王银喜.2012.四川牦牛坪稀土矿床碳酸岩Sm-Nd等时线年龄及其地质意义.矿产与地质,26(3):237-241.
黄智龙,许成,刘丛强.2005.碳酸岩与铂族元素地球化学.地质论评,51(4):443-451.
李生.2004.四川锦屏山地区推覆构造带特征及其研究意义.沉积与特提斯地质,24(1):70-77.
廖忠礼,邓永福,廖光宇.2003.四川锦屏地区新生代冲断作用.大地构造与成矿学,27(2):152-159.
蒲广平.1988.四川西南牦牛坪碱性伟晶岩-火成碳酸盐岩杂岩体的发现.地质论评,34(1):88-92.
秦朝建,裘愉卓.2001.岩浆(型)碳酸岩研究进展.地球科学进展,16(4):501-507.
秦建华,丁俊,刘才泽,张启明.2010.我国西南地区斑岩矿床区域成矿环境.大地构造与成矿学,34(2):216 -223.
邵济安,张永北,张履桥,牟保磊,王佩瑛,郭峰.2003.大同地区早中生代煌斑岩-碳酸岩岩墙群.岩石学报,19 (1):93-104.
四川省地质矿产局.1991.四川省区域地质志.北京:地质出版社:730.
陶克捷,杨主明,张培善,王文志.1998.白云鄂博矿区周围火成碳酸岩岩墙地质特征.地质科学,33(1):73 -83.
田世洪,侯增谦,杨竹森,陈文,杨志明,袁忠信,谢玉玲,费红彩,尹淑苹,刘英超,李政,李小渝.2008a.川西冕宁-德昌REE成矿带成矿年代学研究:热液系统维系时限和构造控矿模型约束.矿床地质,27(2):177 -187.
田世洪,侯增谦,杨竹森,杨志明,袁忠信,王彦斌,谢玉玲,刘英超,李政.2008b.四川大陆槽稀土矿床碳酸岩-英碱正长岩锆石U-Pb年代学和Hf同位素性质及其地质意义.岩石学报,24(3):544-554.
田世洪,侯增谦,袁忠信,陈文,谢玉玲,费红彩,尹淑苹,衣龙升,周肃.2006.四川冕宁木落寨稀土矿床成岩成矿的40Ar/39Ar年代学研究.岩石学报,22(10):2431-2436.
谢玉玲,田世洪,侯增谦,陈伟,尹淑苹,高升.2008.四川冕宁木落稀土矿床稀土元素迁移与沉淀机制:来自稀土矿物中流体包裹体的证据.岩石学报,24(3):555 -561.
喻学惠.1992.陕西华阳川碳酸岩地质学和岩石学特征及
其成因初探.地球科学——中国地质大学学报,17(2):151 -158.
钟康惠,刘肇昌,施央,李凡友,舒良树.2004.盐源-丽江构造带是新生代陆内造山带.地质学报,78(1):36 -43.
朱志敏,郑荣才,周家云,陈家彪,沈冰.2008.四川木洛稀土矿床碳酸岩地球化学.中国地质,35(4):754 -761.
Chakhmouradian A R.2006.High-field-strength elements in carbonatitic rocks:Geochemistry,crystal chemistry and significance for constraining the sources of carbonatites.Chemical Geology,235(1-2):138-160.
Harmer R E and Gittins J.1998.The case for primary,mantle-derived carbonatite magma.Journal of Petrology,39(11-12):1895-1903.
Hou Z Q,Tian S H,Yuan Z X,Xie Y L,Yin S P,Yi L S,Fei H C and Yang Z M.2006.The Himalayan collision zone carbonatites in western Sichuan,SW China:Petrogenesis,mantle source and tectonic implication.Earth and Planetary Science Letters,244(1-2):234 -250.
Le Bas M J.1987.Nephelinites and carbonatites.The Geological Society,Special Publications,30(1):53-83.
Wang D H,Yang J M,Yan S H,Xu J,Chen Y C,Pu G P and Luo Y N.2001.A special orogenic-type rare earth element deposit in Maoniuping,Sichuan,China:Geology and geochemistry.Resource Geology,51(3):177 -188.
Xu C,Huang Z L,Liu C Q,Qi L,Li W B and Guan T.2003.Geochemistry of carbonatites in Maoniuping REE deposit,Sichuan province,China.Science in China(Series D),46(3):246-256.
Yang X M,Zheng Y F,Yang X Y,Zhang P S and Le Bas M J.2000.A geochemical study of an REE-rich carbonatite dyke at Bayan Obo,Inner Mongolia,northern China.Acta Geologica Sinica-English Edition,74(32):605-612.
Ying J F,Zhou X H and Zhang H F.2004.Geochemical and isotopic investigation of the Laiwu-Zibo carbonatites from western Shandong Province,China,and implications for their petrogenesis and enriched mantle source.Lithos,75(3-4):413-426.
Zhang Y B,Wei Q R,Xiu C Y and Wang H.1998.Discovery of the Proterozoic low-grade metamorphic submarine carbonatite lavas in China.Chinese Science Bulletin,43(5):416-420.
①四川地质局第一区测队.1971.盐源幅G-47-6 1/20万区域地质测量报告:131.