鄱阳湖沙区香根草生长差异及环境效应
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摘要
[目的]香根草(Vetiveria zizanioides)是保持水土的理想植物,研究香根草在鄱阳湖沙区的生长情况及对沙区环境的影响,为南方治沙提供参考。[方法]采用野外测量与室内试验相结合的方法,分析距湖距离和不同处理方式对香根草生长的影响以及香根草对土壤温度、湿度的影响。[结果](1)距湖距离对香根草生长高度的影响不显著,对香根草的分蘖数影响显著;刈割和分蘖处理对香根草生长高度的影响不显著但有促进作用,刈割处理可以促进香根草的分蘖,分蘖处理不利于香根草的分蘖;生长期末,香根草各指标存在差异;(2)香根草可以降低土壤温度,增加土壤含水量;(3)距湖距离、香根草生长高度均与香根草分蘖数呈显著正相关(p<0.05);土壤温度与土壤含水量呈极显著负相关(p<0.01)。[结论]香根草在重度沙化区存活率高,距湖距离和不同处理方式影响香根草生长,香根草种植对沙区土壤具有改善作用。
[Objective]Vitiveria zizanioides is an ideal herb to maintain soil and water,study on the growth of V.zizanioides in sandy land of the Poyang Lake and its impact on sandy environment can provide a reference for the sand-control in Southern China.[Methods]Field investigation and laboratory experiments were conducted to study the influences of distance to the lake and different treatments on the growth of V.zizanioides,and the impacts of V.zizanioides on soil temperature and humidity.[Results](1) The effect of distance to the lake on the height of V.zizanioides was not significant,while its effect on the tiller number of V.zizanioides was significant.Mowing and tillering treatments showed a positive effect on the height of V.zizanioides.The mowing treatment could promote the tillering of V.zizanioides while the tillering treatment was not conducive to the tillering of V.zizanioides.At the end of growth period,the indexes of V.zizanioides were different.(2)V.zizanioides could reduce soil temperature,but increase the soil water content.(3) Both the distance to the lake and the growth height of V.zizanioides had a significantly positive correlation(p<0.05)with the tiller number of V.zizanioides.In addition,soil temperature and water content were significantly negatively correlated(p<0.01).[Conclusion]V.zizanioides has a high survivalrate in the heavily sandy land.The distance to the lake and different treatment methods can affect the growth of V.zizanioides,and V.zizanioides planting can improve the soil in sandy land.
[Objective]Vitiveria zizanioides is an ideal herb to maintain soil and water,study on the growth of V.zizanioides in sandy land of the Poyang Lake and its impact on sandy environment can provide a reference for the sand-control in Southern China.[Methods]Field investigation and laboratory experiments were conducted to study the influences of distance to the lake and different treatments on the growth of V.zizanioides,and the impacts of V.zizanioides on soil temperature and humidity.[Results](1) The effect of distance to the lake on the height of V.zizanioides was not significant,while its effect on the tiller number of V.zizanioides was significant.Mowing and tillering treatments showed a positive effect on the height of V.zizanioides.The mowing treatment could promote the tillering of V.zizanioides while the tillering treatment was not conducive to the tillering of V.zizanioides.At the end of growth period,the indexes of V.zizanioides were different.(2)V.zizanioides could reduce soil temperature,but increase the soil water content.(3) Both the distance to the lake and the growth height of V.zizanioides had a significantly positive correlation(p<0.05)with the tiller number of V.zizanioides.In addition,soil temperature and water content were significantly negatively correlated(p<0.01).[Conclusion]V.zizanioides has a high survivalrate in the heavily sandy land.The distance to the lake and different treatment methods can affect the growth of V.zizanioides,and V.zizanioides planting can improve the soil in sandy land.
引文
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[10]魏宗贤,周赛霞,彭焱松,等.鄱阳湖沙地沙漠化过程中单叶蔓荆群落结构和功能特征[J].广西植物,2011,31(5):620-626.
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[13]徐德聪,詹婧,陈政,等.种植香根草对铜尾矿废弃地基质化学和生物学性质的影响[J].生态学报,2012,32(18):5683-5691.
[14]努扎艾提·艾比布,刘云国,宋华晓,等.重金属Zn,Cu对香根草生理生化指标的影响及其积累特性研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2010,29(1):54-59.
[15]夏汉平,束文圣.香根草和百喜草对铅锌尾矿重金属的抗性与吸收差异研究[J].生态学报,2001,21(7):1121-1129.
[16]杨兵,蓝崇钰,束文圣.香根草在铅锌尾矿上生长及其对重金属的吸收[J].生态学报,2005,25(1):45-50.
[17]田胜尼,刘登义,彭少麟,等.香根草和鹅观草对Cu,Pb,Zn及其复合重金属的耐性研究[J].生物学杂志,2004,21(3):15-19.
[18]努扎艾提·艾比布,刘云国,曾光明,等.香根草对镉毒害的生理耐性和积累特性[J].环境科学学报,2009,29(9):168-173.
[19]汉平,敖惠修,刘世忠.香根草生态工程应用于公路护坡的效益研究[J].草业科学,2002,1(1):52-56.
[20]卓慕宁,李定强,郑煜基.高速公路弃土场堆积边坡的生态防护试验[J].生态学杂志,2007,26(6):912-916.
[21]程洪,蔡儒珍.公路工程中的香根草等高植物篱护坡技术[J].华东公路,2003(1):45-47.
[22]李青芳,何宜典.公路边坡防护与生态恢复[J].水土保持研究,2006,13(6):273-275.
[23]龚旺初,沈云龙.江西省都昌县多宝沙山治理及其效益分析[J].江西水利科技,2001,27(1):24-27.
[24]王盼盼,郑林,曹昀,等.鄱阳湖沙区农户对土地利用变化的影响:以江西省都昌县多宝乡为例[J].中国水土保持,2014(6):39-42.
[25]夏汉平,陈龙江.香根草在土壤改良和水土保持中的作用[J].热带地理,1996,16(3):265-270.
[2]丁明军,郑林,聂勇.鄱阳湖沙山地区沙化土地特征及成因分析[J].水土保持通报,2010,30(2):159-163.
[3]杨洁.鄱阳湖滨湖沙地生态修复技术与经济开发模式[C]∥全国水土保持生态修复研讨会论文汇编.2004.
[4]胡胜华,常旭.鄱阳湖砂山地区地表环境结构与其植物多样性的变化[J].北京林业大学学报,2007,29(6):86-92.
[5]赵其国,黄国勤,钱海燕.鄱阳湖生态环境与可持续发展[J].土壤学报,2007,44(2):318-326.
[6]林玉茹.鄱阳湖枯水现象的水文分析及湿地生态系统响应研究[D].南昌:南昌大学,2010.
[7]莫明浩,汤崇军,涂安国,等.鄱阳湖泥沙及沙地研究进展评述[J].中国水土保持,2011(8):45-47.
[8]胡启武,尧波,郑林,等.鄱阳湖沙山土壤养分特征与植被恢复方向探讨[J].土壤通报,2012,43(3):651-655.
[9]张聃.鄱阳湖区沙化土地湿地松恢复试验及示范研究[D].南昌:江西师范大学,2011.
[10]魏宗贤,周赛霞,彭焱松,等.鄱阳湖沙地沙漠化过程中单叶蔓荆群落结构和功能特征[J].广西植物,2011,31(5):620-626.
[11]严力蛟,钱建东.香根草研究推广概述[J].耕作与栽培,1996(3):60-62.
[12]赵小敏,傅建春.鄱阳湖地区沙地遥感调查及治理研究[J].水土保持研究,2003,10(4):94-95,137.
[13]徐德聪,詹婧,陈政,等.种植香根草对铜尾矿废弃地基质化学和生物学性质的影响[J].生态学报,2012,32(18):5683-5691.
[14]努扎艾提·艾比布,刘云国,宋华晓,等.重金属Zn,Cu对香根草生理生化指标的影响及其积累特性研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2010,29(1):54-59.
[15]夏汉平,束文圣.香根草和百喜草对铅锌尾矿重金属的抗性与吸收差异研究[J].生态学报,2001,21(7):1121-1129.
[16]杨兵,蓝崇钰,束文圣.香根草在铅锌尾矿上生长及其对重金属的吸收[J].生态学报,2005,25(1):45-50.
[17]田胜尼,刘登义,彭少麟,等.香根草和鹅观草对Cu,Pb,Zn及其复合重金属的耐性研究[J].生物学杂志,2004,21(3):15-19.
[18]努扎艾提·艾比布,刘云国,曾光明,等.香根草对镉毒害的生理耐性和积累特性[J].环境科学学报,2009,29(9):168-173.
[19]汉平,敖惠修,刘世忠.香根草生态工程应用于公路护坡的效益研究[J].草业科学,2002,1(1):52-56.
[20]卓慕宁,李定强,郑煜基.高速公路弃土场堆积边坡的生态防护试验[J].生态学杂志,2007,26(6):912-916.
[21]程洪,蔡儒珍.公路工程中的香根草等高植物篱护坡技术[J].华东公路,2003(1):45-47.
[22]李青芳,何宜典.公路边坡防护与生态恢复[J].水土保持研究,2006,13(6):273-275.
[23]龚旺初,沈云龙.江西省都昌县多宝沙山治理及其效益分析[J].江西水利科技,2001,27(1):24-27.
[24]王盼盼,郑林,曹昀,等.鄱阳湖沙区农户对土地利用变化的影响:以江西省都昌县多宝乡为例[J].中国水土保持,2014(6):39-42.
[25]夏汉平,陈龙江.香根草在土壤改良和水土保持中的作用[J].热带地理,1996,16(3):265-270.