黑土区植物篱带对土壤抗蚀性作用效果研究
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摘要
植物篱系统内部发挥的作用不尽相同,研究分析植物篱系统内影响土壤抗蚀性能、水土保持效果的主要部位,为黑土区推广应用植物篱模式提供技术支撑。通过小区定点试验研究发现,在黑土区植物篱模式中,篱带植物部位的土壤结构优于篱间耕地,篱带部位的土壤抗蚀性也高于篱间耕地部位,而土壤入渗性和抗冲性与篱间部位相比有显著的提高,由此可见,在黑土区坡耕地中由于引入了植物篱,篱带植物根系的作用,改善了土壤结构与性能,固结了土壤,提高了土壤综合抗蚀性能,从而发挥了减轻水土流失的重要作用。在黑土区植物篱模式内,篱带部位植物是影响土壤综合抗蚀性能和防蚀效果的重要因素,因此,植物模式研究应用中,要注重篱带植物品种保持水土性能的研究,开发优良植物篱品种,以提高植物篱模式的综合效益,进一步促进植物篱模式在黑土区的推广应用。
The effects of hedgerow are differentin its internal system. To provide technological support for popularization and application of hedgerow patterns in the Black Soil region of Northeast China, the effects of hedgerow system on soil anti-erodibility and the main position of water and soil conservation were studied. Compared with the soil between hedgerow strips in in-situ experiments, the soil around the hedgerow strip exhibited better structure and anti-erodibility. Besides, the infiltration property and anti-erodibility of the soil around the hedgerow strip were significant higher than that of the soil between hedgerow strips. The results showed that the hedgerow strip played important roles in reducing the soil and water loss. Because the plant root system improved the soil structure and property and consolidated soil, the hedgerow system increased the comprehensive soil anti-erodibility in the Black Soil region of Northeast China. The plant varieties of the hedgerow stripwere the most important factors to affect the comprehensive soil anti-erodibility. As a result, research on the effect of plant varieties in the hedgerow strip on soil and water conservation should be pay more attention. To increase the comprehensive benefit and the application of hedgerow strip in the Black Soil region of Northeast China, more and better hedgerow varieties should be developed in the future.
The effects of hedgerow are differentin its internal system. To provide technological support for popularization and application of hedgerow patterns in the Black Soil region of Northeast China, the effects of hedgerow system on soil anti-erodibility and the main position of water and soil conservation were studied. Compared with the soil between hedgerow strips in in-situ experiments, the soil around the hedgerow strip exhibited better structure and anti-erodibility. Besides, the infiltration property and anti-erodibility of the soil around the hedgerow strip were significant higher than that of the soil between hedgerow strips. The results showed that the hedgerow strip played important roles in reducing the soil and water loss. Because the plant root system improved the soil structure and property and consolidated soil, the hedgerow system increased the comprehensive soil anti-erodibility in the Black Soil region of Northeast China. The plant varieties of the hedgerow stripwere the most important factors to affect the comprehensive soil anti-erodibility. As a result, research on the effect of plant varieties in the hedgerow strip on soil and water conservation should be pay more attention. To increase the comprehensive benefit and the application of hedgerow strip in the Black Soil region of Northeast China, more and better hedgerow varieties should be developed in the future.
引文
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[13]刘国彬.黄土高原草地土壤抗冲性及其机理研究[J].土壤侵蚀与水土保持学报, 1998, 4(1):93-96.
[14]谌芸.植物篱对紫色土水土特性的效应及作用机理[D].重庆:西南大学, 2012.
[15]王海明,陈治谏,廖晓勇,等.三峡库区坡耕地植物篱对土壤特性的影响研究[J].中国水土保持, 2010,(10):21-23.
[16]黎建强,张洪江,陈奇伯,等.长江上游不同植物篱系统土壤抗冲、抗蚀特征[J].生态环境学报, 2012, 21(7):1223-1228.
[17] HAGGAR J P, WARRENG P, BEER J W, et al. Phosphorus availability under alley cropping and mulched and unmulched sole cropping systems in Costa Rica[J]. Plant and Soil, 1991, 137(2):275-283.
[18]李新平,王兆骞,陈欣,等.红壤坡耕地人工模拟降雨条件下植物篱笆水土保持效应及机理研究[J].水土保持学报, 2002, 16(2):36-1228.
[19] COMINO E, DRUETTA A. The effect ofpoaceae roots on the shear strength of soils in the Italian alpine environment[J]. Soil and Tillage Research, 2010, 106(6):194-201.
[2]杨远祥,冷燕,马翔,等.植物篱在坡耕地水土保持中的应用[J].亚热带水土保持, 2010, 22(2):23-24.
[3]刘绪军,任宪平,杨亚娟,等.东北黑土区植物篱土壤入渗性能研究[J].水土保持通报, 2017, 37(2):45-49.
[4]蒲玉琳,谢德体,林超文,等.植物篱-农作模式坡耕地土壤综合抗蚀性特征[J].农业工程学报, 2013, 29(18):125-133.
[5]张宪奎,许靖华,卢秀琴,等.黑龙江省土壤流失方程的研究[J].水土保持通报, 1992, 12(4):1-9, 18.
[6]王玲玲,何本辉,李贞霞.等高植物篱技术研究进展[J].中国农业生态学报, 2003, 11(3):131-133.
[7]李聪会.黄土丘陵区坡耕地植物篱水土保持效应研究[D].杨陵:西北农林科技大学, 2013.
[8]杨晓芬.坡耕地玉米根系对土壤侵蚀的影响研究[D].杨陵:西北农林科技大学, 2012.
[9]阮伏水,吴雄海.关于土壤可蚀性指标的讨论[J].水土保持通报,1996, 16(6):68-72.
[10]郭廷辅,段巧甫.径流调控理论是水土保持的精髓——四论水土保持的特殊性[J].中国水土保持, 2001,(11):1-4.
[11]赵西宁,吴发启,王万忠,等.黄土高原沟壑区坡耕地土壤入渗规律研究[J].干旱区资源与环境, 2004, 18(4):109-112.
[12]党宏忠,党汉瑾,李卫,等.黄土区两种植物篱不同部位土壤持水特征对比[J].水土保持通报, 2015, 35(3):78-84.
[13]刘国彬.黄土高原草地土壤抗冲性及其机理研究[J].土壤侵蚀与水土保持学报, 1998, 4(1):93-96.
[14]谌芸.植物篱对紫色土水土特性的效应及作用机理[D].重庆:西南大学, 2012.
[15]王海明,陈治谏,廖晓勇,等.三峡库区坡耕地植物篱对土壤特性的影响研究[J].中国水土保持, 2010,(10):21-23.
[16]黎建强,张洪江,陈奇伯,等.长江上游不同植物篱系统土壤抗冲、抗蚀特征[J].生态环境学报, 2012, 21(7):1223-1228.
[17] HAGGAR J P, WARRENG P, BEER J W, et al. Phosphorus availability under alley cropping and mulched and unmulched sole cropping systems in Costa Rica[J]. Plant and Soil, 1991, 137(2):275-283.
[18]李新平,王兆骞,陈欣,等.红壤坡耕地人工模拟降雨条件下植物篱笆水土保持效应及机理研究[J].水土保持学报, 2002, 16(2):36-1228.
[19] COMINO E, DRUETTA A. The effect ofpoaceae roots on the shear strength of soils in the Italian alpine environment[J]. Soil and Tillage Research, 2010, 106(6):194-201.