云龙石斑鱼与云纹石斑鱼、珍珠龙胆石斑鱼的生长性状及对比分析
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摘要
为了对云纹石斑鱼与鞍带石斑鱼的杂交种云龙石斑鱼生长特性进行分析,本研究对工厂化养殖条件下云龙石斑鱼与云纹石斑鱼、珍珠龙胆石斑鱼的生长特性进行了对比。通过云龙石斑鱼家系与云纹石斑鱼家系建立和培育,对不同家系的受精率、正常发育率和畸形率进行统计;分别对45～245日龄的云龙石斑鱼与云纹石斑鱼的生长性状进行了测量;分别对云龙石斑鱼与珍珠龙胆石斑鱼在生长时间跨度为2～13月龄的生长性状进行测量,并于13月龄时统计成活率(苗种为2016年繁育);利用单因素方差分析法和多重比较分析对测定的生长性状进行比较分析,同时利用Excel软件拟合云龙石斑鱼、云纹石斑鱼的生长曲线。结果显示,杂交种云龙石斑鱼受精率平均为55.5%±26.7%,正常发育率平均为33.9%±23.6%,畸形率平均为8.3%±0.9%。至245日龄时云龙石斑鱼体长、体质量的平均值分别为(22.5±1.7) cm、(316.7±57.3) g,云纹石斑鱼的体长与体质量的平均值分别为(16.8±1.3) cm、(123.2±30.2) g,云龙石斑鱼比云纹石斑鱼生长快,云龙石斑鱼的体长为云纹石斑鱼的1.3倍,体质量为云纹石斑鱼的2.6倍。云龙石斑鱼在45～245日龄阶段的生长曲线为W=0.039 2L~(2.891 2)(R~2=0.986 9),云纹石斑鱼生长曲线为W=0.025 5L~(3.021 6) (R~2=0.990 8),在本阶段云龙石斑鱼为异速生长型,云纹石斑鱼为等速生长型。经过12个月的对比养殖,云龙石斑鱼成活率为97.2%,珍珠龙胆石斑鱼的成活率为93.2%～94.5%,云龙石斑鱼全长与体质量平均值分别为(35.3±4.1) cm、(700.0±247.2) g,珍珠龙胆石斑鱼全长与体质量平均值分别为(28.6±3.5) cm、(550.0±224.8) g,云龙石斑鱼体质量是珍珠龙胆石斑鱼的1.3倍,全长为1.2倍。研究表明,云纹石斑鱼(♀)×鞍带石斑鱼(♂)是一个比较理想的杂交组合,杂交后代云龙石斑鱼具有生长快、畸形率低、成活率高的杂交优势,为杂种优势的研究提供了基础材料,同时也为新品种云龙石斑鱼的推广提供了科学依据。
We analyzed the growth characteristics of the hybrids named Yunlong grouper, derived from Epinephelus moara and E. lanceolatus, and in this paper, we conducted the comparison of the growth characteristics among three groupers, including Yunlong grouper, E.moara and the Zhenzhulongdan grouper,which were cultivated in the factory condition. After establishing the family of two kinds of grouper, we were investigate the fertilization rate, normal development rate and malformation rate of Yunlong grouper, and measured the growth characteristics of Yunlong grouper and E. moara during 45-245 days. At the same time, we counted the growth index and survival rates of the Yunlong grouper and Zhenzhulongdan grouper during 2-13 month after hatching, and counted the survival rate in 13 months. We adopted One-Way ANOVA and Multiple Comparative Analysis to compared the growth characteristics, and fitted the growth model by Excel software. The results show that the average fertility rate, normal development rate, deformity rate of Yunlong grouper was55.5%±26.7%, 33.9%±23.6%, 8.3%±0.9%, respectively. Until 245 days old, the body weight and body length of Yunlong grouper was(316.7±57.3) g,(22.5±1.7) cm, respectively, About E. moara, measured length(16.8±1.3) cm, weight(123.2±30.2) g. Yunlong grouper grew faster than E. moara, the body weight of Yunlong grouper was as 2.6 times as E. moara's, and the body length was about 1.3 times. The growth curve of Yunlong grouper during 45-245 days old was W=0.039 2 L~(2.891 2)(R~2=0.986 9), which reveals that Yunlong grouper was at allometric growth state in this phase, E. moara's growth curve was W=0.025 5 L~(3.021 6)(R~2=0.990 8), which reveals that it was in lsogony growth pattern in this phase; after 12 months contrast cultivation between Yunlong grouper and Zhenzhulongdan grouper, the result reveals that the survival rate of Yunlong grouper was 97.2%, while Zhenzhulongdan grouper's was 93.2%-94%, and the body weight and total length of Yunlong grouper was(700.0±247.2) g,(35.3±4.1) cm, respectively. However, the Zhenzhulongdan grouper's was(28.6±3.5) cm,(550.0±224.8) g,Yunlong grouper's weight is 1.3 times the weight of Zhenzhulongdan grouper with 1.2 times total length. The result of this study reveals that E. moara(♀) ×E. lanceolatus(♂) is a ideal hybrid combination, and Yunlong grouper has the advantages of fast growth, low deformity rate, and high survival rate, providing the basis for the study of heterosis, and providing scientific basis for the promotion of Yunlong grouper.
We analyzed the growth characteristics of the hybrids named Yunlong grouper, derived from Epinephelus moara and E. lanceolatus, and in this paper, we conducted the comparison of the growth characteristics among three groupers, including Yunlong grouper, E.moara and the Zhenzhulongdan grouper,which were cultivated in the factory condition. After establishing the family of two kinds of grouper, we were investigate the fertilization rate, normal development rate and malformation rate of Yunlong grouper, and measured the growth characteristics of Yunlong grouper and E. moara during 45-245 days. At the same time, we counted the growth index and survival rates of the Yunlong grouper and Zhenzhulongdan grouper during 2-13 month after hatching, and counted the survival rate in 13 months. We adopted One-Way ANOVA and Multiple Comparative Analysis to compared the growth characteristics, and fitted the growth model by Excel software. The results show that the average fertility rate, normal development rate, deformity rate of Yunlong grouper was55.5%±26.7%, 33.9%±23.6%, 8.3%±0.9%, respectively. Until 245 days old, the body weight and body length of Yunlong grouper was(316.7±57.3) g,(22.5±1.7) cm, respectively, About E. moara, measured length(16.8±1.3) cm, weight(123.2±30.2) g. Yunlong grouper grew faster than E. moara, the body weight of Yunlong grouper was as 2.6 times as E. moara's, and the body length was about 1.3 times. The growth curve of Yunlong grouper during 45-245 days old was W=0.039 2 L~(2.891 2)(R~2=0.986 9), which reveals that Yunlong grouper was at allometric growth state in this phase, E. moara's growth curve was W=0.025 5 L~(3.021 6)(R~2=0.990 8), which reveals that it was in lsogony growth pattern in this phase; after 12 months contrast cultivation between Yunlong grouper and Zhenzhulongdan grouper, the result reveals that the survival rate of Yunlong grouper was 97.2%, while Zhenzhulongdan grouper's was 93.2%-94%, and the body weight and total length of Yunlong grouper was(700.0±247.2) g,(35.3±4.1) cm, respectively. However, the Zhenzhulongdan grouper's was(28.6±3.5) cm,(550.0±224.8) g,Yunlong grouper's weight is 1.3 times the weight of Zhenzhulongdan grouper with 1.2 times total length. The result of this study reveals that E. moara(♀) ×E. lanceolatus(♂) is a ideal hybrid combination, and Yunlong grouper has the advantages of fast growth, low deformity rate, and high survival rate, providing the basis for the study of heterosis, and providing scientific basis for the promotion of Yunlong grouper.
引文
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