露天矿边坡稳定性的断面形态效应研究
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摘要
为探究非线性坡面对边坡安全的影响,基于简化Bishop法理论,分析条块自重作用在滑面不同位置时产生的下滑力与抗滑力的数值关系,进而研究坡面形态对稳定性的影响,据此提出边坡的断面形态效应概念;以黑山露天矿边坡为例,通过简化Bishop法与基于强度折减法的数值模拟分别评估原设计坡面与不同外凸度的非线性坡面边坡的稳定性。结果表明:底面倾角αi均存在一个特定的值θ使既定滑面分为抗滑与利滑的2部分;当断面形态差异主要分布在抗滑滑面上时,产生的断面形态效应有利于边坡稳定,反之则反;就露天矿边坡而言,合理的外凸坡面产生的形态效应有利于边坡稳定,其在减少剥离成本上有显著的优势。
In order to explore the effects of nonlinear slopes on slope safety,based on the simplified Bishop theory,the relationship of the values between the sliding force and the anti-slip force generated by the slice's weight on different positions of sliding surface is studied for each slice. Further,effects of the section morphology on slope stability was examined and a concept of section shape effect of slope is introduced. Taking the west slope of the Heishan opencast mine as an example,its stability as a function of the section shape is calculated by simplified Bishop method and numerical simulation with strength reduction method. The results indicate that the bottom angle αihas always a definite value θ dividing a given slip plane into two parts,anti-skid and slip,that when the shape discrepancy is mainly distributed on the anti-slip surface,the shape effect is favorable to the slope stability,and vice versa,that for open pit slopes,the section shape effect caused by the reasonable convex slope is not only conducive to the stability of the slope,but also reduces the cost of stripping significantly.
In order to explore the effects of nonlinear slopes on slope safety,based on the simplified Bishop theory,the relationship of the values between the sliding force and the anti-slip force generated by the slice's weight on different positions of sliding surface is studied for each slice. Further,effects of the section morphology on slope stability was examined and a concept of section shape effect of slope is introduced. Taking the west slope of the Heishan opencast mine as an example,its stability as a function of the section shape is calculated by simplified Bishop method and numerical simulation with strength reduction method. The results indicate that the bottom angle αihas always a definite value θ dividing a given slip plane into two parts,anti-skid and slip,that when the shape discrepancy is mainly distributed on the anti-slip surface,the shape effect is favorable to the slope stability,and vice versa,that for open pit slopes,the section shape effect caused by the reasonable convex slope is not only conducive to the stability of the slope,but also reduces the cost of stripping significantly.
引文
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[2]朱大勇,邓建辉,台佳佳.简化Bishop法严格性的论证[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(3):455-458.ZHU Dayong,DENG Jianhui,TAI Jiajia.Theoretical verification of rigorous nature of simplified bishop method[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2007,26(3):455-458.
[3]陈力华,靳晓光.有限元强度折减法中边坡三种失效判据的适用性研究[J].土木工程学报,2012,45(9):136-146.CHEN Lihua,JIN Xiaoguang.Study on the applicability of three criteria for slope instability using finite element strength reduction method[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2012,45(9):136-146.
[4]曹兰柱,王珍,王东,等.露天煤矿端帮逆倾软岩边坡稳定性研究[J].煤炭科学技术,2017,45(3):1-6.CAO Lanzhu,WANG Zhen,WANG Dong,et al.Study on stability of reversed inclined soft rock slope at end slope of surface mine[J].Coal Science and Technology,2017,45(3):1-6.
[5]周罕,曹平,张科.基于响应面法和强度折减法的边坡可靠性计算研究[J].中国安全科学学报,2012,22(5):79-84.ZHOU Han,CAO Ping,ZHANG Ke.Analysis of slope reliability based on response surface method and strength reduction method[J].China Safety Science Journal,2012,22(5):79-84.
[6]田钧.内凹弯道边坡稳定性分析方法研究及数值模拟[D].长沙:中南大学,2011.TIAN Jun.Analysis method and numerical simulation for concave slope stability[D].Changsha:Central South University,2011.
[7]卢坤林,朱大勇.坡面形态对边坡稳定性影响的理论与试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2014,33(1):35-42.LU Kunlin,ZHU Dayong.Theoretical and experimental study of effects of slope topography on its stability[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2014,33(1):35-42.
[8]何刘,吴光,赵志明.坡面形态对边坡动力变形破坏影响的模型试验研究[J].岩土力学,2014,35(1):111-117.HE Liu,WU Guang,ZHAO Zhiming.Model test of influence of slope surface morphology on dynamic deformation failure[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2014,35(1):111-117.
[9]王东,张晓敏,曹兰柱,等.凹边坡稳定性三维极限平衡法研究与应用[J].中国安全科学学报,2016,26(7):91-95.WANG Dong,ZHANG Xiaomin,CAO Lanzhu,et al.3D limit-equilibrium method for calculating concave slope stability and its application[J].China Safety Science Journal,2016,26(7):91-95.
[10]郭璇,赵成刚,于威威.非饱和土边坡稳定的安全分析及进展[J].中国安全科学学报,2005,15(1):17-21.GUO Xuan,ZHAO Chenggang,YU Weiwei.Stability analysis of unsaturated soil slope and its progress[J].China Safety Science Journal,2005,15(1):17-21.
[11]许强,汤明高,徐开祥,等.滑坡时空演化规律及预警预报研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(6):1 104-1 112.XU Qiang,TANG Minggao,XU Kaixiang,et al.Research on space-time evolution laws and early warning-prediction of landslides[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(6):1 104-1 112.