变频变峰正弦波作用下砂岩加卸载与位移速率互推及能量模拟研究
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摘要
以RMT-150C岩土试验系统为研究平台,中细砂岩为试验对象,对比分析在0.1 Hz、0.2 Hz正弦波加、卸载条件下,E(t)=a·f(t)+b拟合关系式中a值和b值的变化规律及在毫秒级变形速率模拟基础上,分析该岩体内部能量变化规律。结果表明:在相同加载f_(max)条件下,循环载荷频率越高,中细砂岩压密程度a值越低,而对常数项b值无显著影响,并且较高荷载峰值下,a值和b值随荷载峰值呈线性变化规律,这样可预测其余破坏峰值以下的a值和b值;在载荷峰值为32～96 kN的区间内,岩样压实比(卸载段a值/加载段a值)均在2左右波动,说明岩样内部加载时的压缩性能和卸载时的回弹性能有明显相关性。然后,给出了在位移和力两种控制模式下,砂岩加、卸载速率和毫秒级位移速率互推公式,通过计算位移速率和实测位移速率的比较证明该公式的合理性。最后,在毫秒级变形速率模拟基础上,给出能量计算公式,对比分析岩样能量吸收、释放前后数值,结果表明该能量公式能够准确模拟实际砂岩内部能量变化规律。
Taking the RMT-150 C geotechnical test system as the research platform and medium and fine sandstone as the test object, the change rule of a and b values of E(t)=a·f(t)+b in the fitting relationship under the conditions of addition and unloading of sinusoidal waves of 0.1 Hz and 0.2 Hz and the change rule of energy within the rock mass on the basis of simulation of millisecond deformation rate are compared and analyzed. The results show that under the same loading conditions, the higher the cyclic loading frequency is, the lower the compactness degree of medium and fine sandstone is, while the constant term b value is not significantly affected. Moreover, under the higher load peak, a value and b value change linearly with the load peak value, thus it can be predicted that a value and b value below the rest damage peak value can be predicted. In the range where the load peak value is 32～96 kN, the compaction ratio of rock samples(a value of unloading section/a value of loading section) fluctuates around 2, indicating that there is a significant correlation between the compression performance of rock samples under loading and the resilience energy under unloading. Then, the formulas of sand addition and unloading rate and millisecond displacement rate are given under the two control modes of displacement and force. Finally, based on the simulation of millisecond deformation rate, the energy calculation formula is given, and the values before and after the energy absorption and release of the rock sample are compared and analyzed.
Taking the RMT-150 C geotechnical test system as the research platform and medium and fine sandstone as the test object, the change rule of a and b values of E(t)=a·f(t)+b in the fitting relationship under the conditions of addition and unloading of sinusoidal waves of 0.1 Hz and 0.2 Hz and the change rule of energy within the rock mass on the basis of simulation of millisecond deformation rate are compared and analyzed. The results show that under the same loading conditions, the higher the cyclic loading frequency is, the lower the compactness degree of medium and fine sandstone is, while the constant term b value is not significantly affected. Moreover, under the higher load peak, a value and b value change linearly with the load peak value, thus it can be predicted that a value and b value below the rest damage peak value can be predicted. In the range where the load peak value is 32～96 kN, the compaction ratio of rock samples(a value of unloading section/a value of loading section) fluctuates around 2, indicating that there is a significant correlation between the compression performance of rock samples under loading and the resilience energy under unloading. Then, the formulas of sand addition and unloading rate and millisecond displacement rate are given under the two control modes of displacement and force. Finally, based on the simulation of millisecond deformation rate, the energy calculation formula is given, and the values before and after the energy absorption and release of the rock sample are compared and analyzed.
引文
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[2] 叶琴.岩石变形破坏过程中的能量耗散分析[J].广东化工,2016,43(13):123- 124.
[3] 张楚旋,戴兵,吴秋红.不同应力路径下岩石卸荷破坏过程的变形特性与能量耗散分析[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2014,10(10):35- 40.
[4] 朱贝贝.岩石破裂过程中的耗散能与释放能机理研究[D].兰州:兰州大学,2017.
[5] XIE H P,JU Y,PENG R D,et al.Energy analysis for damage and catastrophic failure of rocks[J].Science China Technological Sciences,2011,54(s1):199- 209.
[6] LEMIRE V.The Elastic Strain Energy of Damaged Solids with Applications to Non-Linear Deformation of Crystalline Rocks[J].Pure & Applied Geophysics,2011,168(12):2199- 2210.
[7] LIU E,HE S.Effects of cyclic dynamic loading on the mechanical properties of intact rock samples under confining pressure conditions[J].Engineering Geology,2012,125(27):81- 91.
[8] 金解放,李夕兵,殷志强,等.轴压和围压对循环冲击下砂岩能量耗散的影响[J].岩土力学,2013,34(11):3096- 3102,3109.
[9] 黄明,詹金武,胡柳青,等.三峡库区泥质粉砂岩的SHPB试验及能量耗散特征研究[J].工程地质学报,2015,23(6):1175- 1181.
[10] 朱明礼,朱珍德,李刚,等.循环荷载作用下花岗岩动力特性试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(12):2520- 2526.
[11] 刘恩龙,黄润秋,何思明.循环加载时围压对岩石动力特性的影响[J].岩土力学,2011,32(10):3009- 3013.
[12] 张媛,许江,杨红伟,等.循环荷载作用下围压对砂岩滞回环演化规律的影响[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2011,30(2):320- 326.
[13] 郭世儒.高应变率下煤系砂岩力学性能及能量耗散规律研究[D].北京:中国矿业大学,2017.
[14] 刘鑫,郭连军,徐振洋.岩石劈裂拉伸试验的能量耗散分析[J].爆破,2016,33(3):17- 22,35.
[15] 罗承浩.热处理花岗岩三轴卸围压力学特性与声发射规律试验研究[D].厦门:华侨大学,2016.
[16] 刘杰,李建林.滞后效应影响下砂岩正弦波加载段变形速率预测模型研究[J].中国科学,2009,53(5):1442- 1449.
[17] 刘杰,李建林,邓华锋,等.宜昌砂岩三角波加载段变形速率预测模型研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2010,29(3):633- 639.