基于关键路径的工作流瓶颈挖掘与优化
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摘要
工作流程在信息发达的今天被越来越广泛地应用于各个领域,我们在设计出符合预期要求的工作流程的同时也关注流程执行的效率.将流程分析与流程挖掘技术应用于工作流程中,通过对流程的执行日志进行分析和挖掘,检测流程的执行瓶颈,从而找到流程的优化方案,显得很有必要.本文提出基于关键路径的工作流瓶颈挖掘的方法,该方法通过对流程图的形式化表示及对流程执行日志的数据分析,给出了流程瓶颈的定义,将图论中经典的关键路径计算方法应用于流程瓶颈的计算.并以一个物流申请流程为例,验证了该方法的可行性,通过对该流程的瓶颈挖掘,进行针对性的优化,最终使流程整体执行效率提高了9. 8%.
Workflows are being used more and more widely in various fields today with the development of information technology.We are concerned with the efficiency of process execution when we are designing workflows that are in line with expectations. It is necessary to analyze and mine the event log of the workflow to detect the execution bottleneck of the process and find out the optimization scheme of the process by applying process analysis and process mining techniques to the process. In this paper,we propose a method of workflow bottleneck mining based on critical path. By formalizing the workflow and analyzing the event logs of the workflow,we give out the definition of process bottleneck and apply the method of calculating critical path,which is classical in Graph Theory,to identify the bottleneck of a process. In the meanwhile,we take a materials applying process as example to validate the feasibility of the method. Finding the bottleneck of the process and carrying out targeted optimization,the overall process execution efficiency was improved by. 8%.
Workflows are being used more and more widely in various fields today with the development of information technology.We are concerned with the efficiency of process execution when we are designing workflows that are in line with expectations. It is necessary to analyze and mine the event log of the workflow to detect the execution bottleneck of the process and find out the optimization scheme of the process by applying process analysis and process mining techniques to the process. In this paper,we propose a method of workflow bottleneck mining based on critical path. By formalizing the workflow and analyzing the event logs of the workflow,we give out the definition of process bottleneck and apply the method of calculating critical path,which is classical in Graph Theory,to identify the bottleneck of a process. In the meanwhile,we take a materials applying process as example to validate the feasibility of the method. Finding the bottleneck of the process and carrying out targeted optimization,the overall process execution efficiency was improved by. 8%.
引文
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[4]Zhou Y,Chen Y.Project-oriented business process performance optimization[C]//Systems,Man and Cybernetics,2003,IEEE International Conference on,IEEE,2003,5:4079-4084.
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[7]Basu A,Blanning R W.A formal approach to workflow analysis[J].Information Systems Research,2000,11(1):17-36.
[8]Meena H K,Saha I,Mondal K K,et al.An approach to workflow modeling and analysis[C]//Proceedings of the 2005 OOPSLAworkshop on Eclipse technology eXchange,ACM,2005:85-89.
[9]Li J Q,Fan Y S,Zhou M C.Timing constraint workflow nets for workflow analysis[J].IEEE Transactions on Systems,Man,and Cybernetics-Part A:Systems and Humans,2003,33(2):179-193.
[10]Weigand H,De Moor A.Workflow analysis with communication norms[J].Data&Knowledge Engineering,2003,47(3)349-369.
[11]Rozinat A,Aalst W M P V D.Decision mining in ProM[C]//International Conference on Business Process Management,Springer,Berlin,Heidelberg,2006:420-425.
[12]Aalst W M P V D,Reijers H A,Weijters A J M M,et al.Business process mining:an industrial application[J].Information Systems,2007,32(5):713-732.
[13]Rebugeá,Ferreira D R.Business process analysis in healthcare environments:a methodology based on process mining[J].Information Systems,2012,37(2):99-116.
[14]Osses A S,Da Silva L Q,Cobo B F,et al.Business process analysis in advertising:an extension to a methodology based on process mining projects[C]//Computer Science Society(SCCC),201635th International Conference of the Chilean,IEEE,2016:1-12.
[15]Friesen N,Rüping S.Workflow analysis using graph kernels[C]//Proceedings of the ECML/PKDD Workshop on Third-Generation Data Mining:Towards Service-Oriented Knowledge Discovery(SoKD 2010),Barcelona,Spain,2010.
[16]Saldivar J,Vairetti C,Rodríguez C,et al.Analysis and improvement of business process models using spreadsheets[J].Information Systems,2016,(57):1-19.
[17]Grabis J,Chandra C.Joint optimization of process design and operational policies[J].IEEE Engineering Management Review,2016,44(3):32-45.
[18]Tsakalidis G,Vergidis K.Towards a comprehensive business process optimization framework[C]//Business Informatics(CBI),2017 IEEE 19th Conference on,IEEE,2017:129-134.
[19]Georgoulakos K,Vergidis K,Tsakalidis G,et al.Evolutionary multi-objective optimization of business process designs with preprocessing[C]//Evolutionary Computation(CEC),2017 IEEECongress on,IEEE,2017:897-904.
1 OMG,Business process model and notation(BPMN 2.0),formal/2011-01-03,OMG,http://www.omg.org/spec/BPMN/2.0,2011.
2 OASIS,Business process execution language(WS-BPEL 2.0),wsbpel-v2.0-OS,OASIS,http://docs.oasis-open.org/wsbpel/2.0/wsbpel-v2.0.html,2011.