西北干旱区水资源利用与经济要素的匹配研究
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摘要
陆上丝绸之路的起点段——中国西北地区,经济发展的主要限制因素是水资源短缺,因此研究该地区的水资源利用与经济发展的关系就成了必然。选取2004-2015年期间西北地区的水资源利用量、人口数、水资源禀赋、新增固定资产和GDP等数据,通过运用基尼系数法、不平衡指数法、泰尔指数和加权变异系数法计算分析了水资源利用与上述经济要素的匹配演进规律。结果表明:西北地区水资源利用对人口和禀赋的匹配程度在这12年间处于相对不匹配,但是取值较稳定;水资源利用对GDP和新增固定资产,其匹配程度也是相对不匹配,而且有恶化趋势。从西北区域内部来讲,新疆和陕西在水资源利用与经济要素的匹配方面,总体来讲较差,甘肃是一般,宁夏和青海则相对较好。
The starting point of the land Silk Road in China is the northwest region,and the main factor affecting the economic development in this area is the shortage of water resources. Therefore,it is necessary to study the relationship between water resources utilization and economic factors and economic development in the region. This article selects the data of population,water resources utilization,new fixed assets and GDP from 2004-2015,and uses the method of Gini coefficient,unbalanced index method,Theil index and weighted variation coefficient method to calculate and analyze the matching relation of water resource utilization with population,water resources,new fixed assets,and GDP. The results show that: the matching degree of water resource utilization with population and water resource endowment in Northwest China is relatively mismatched in the past twelve years,but the values are stable; the matching degree with GDP and new fixed assets is also relatively mismatched,and there is a trend of deterioration. From the province level in the Northwest of China,Xinjiang and Shaanxi perform badly in general in terms of the matching of water resource utilization with factors and economic development,Gansu performs moderately,while Ningxia and Qinghai perform relatively well.
The starting point of the land Silk Road in China is the northwest region,and the main factor affecting the economic development in this area is the shortage of water resources. Therefore,it is necessary to study the relationship between water resources utilization and economic factors and economic development in the region. This article selects the data of population,water resources utilization,new fixed assets and GDP from 2004-2015,and uses the method of Gini coefficient,unbalanced index method,Theil index and weighted variation coefficient method to calculate and analyze the matching relation of water resource utilization with population,water resources,new fixed assets,and GDP. The results show that: the matching degree of water resource utilization with population and water resource endowment in Northwest China is relatively mismatched in the past twelve years,but the values are stable; the matching degree with GDP and new fixed assets is also relatively mismatched,and there is a trend of deterioration. From the province level in the Northwest of China,Xinjiang and Shaanxi perform badly in general in terms of the matching of water resource utilization with factors and economic development,Gansu performs moderately,while Ningxia and Qinghai perform relatively well.
引文
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[2]孙才志,刘玉玉,张蕾.中国农产品虚拟水与资源环境经济要素的时空匹配分析[J].资源科学,2010,32(3):512-519.
[3]潘安娥,陈丽.湖北省水资源利用与经济协调发展脱钩分析——基于水足迹视角[J].资源科学,2014,36(2):328-333.
[4]张晓涛,于法稳.黄河流域经济发展与水资源匹配状况分析[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2012,22(10):1-6.
[5]孟钰,管新建,吴泽宁.河南省水资源与经济时空匹配分析[J].水电能源科学,2013,31(11):168-170.
[6]李贺娟,李万明.“一带一路”背景下西北干旱地区水资源与经济生产要素匹配关系研究[J].节水灌溉,2016,(11):67-70.
[7]潘丹,应瑞瑶.中国水资源与农业经济增长关系研究——基于面板VAR模型[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2012,22(1):161-166.
[8]张振龙,孙慧.基于VAR模型的新疆区域水资源对产业生态系统与经济增长的动态关联性研究[J].生态学报,2017,(16):1-12.
[9]张兵兵,沈满洪.工业用水与工业经济增长、产业结构变化的关系[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2015,25(2):9-14.
[10]马海良,王若梅,訾永成.中国省际水资源利用的公平性研究[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2015,25(12):70-77.
[11]魏寿煜,谢世友.基于基尼系数和洛伦兹曲线的重庆市水资源空间匹配分析[J].中国农村水利水电,2015,(2):56-59,73.
[12]高进云,张安录,杨钢桥.湖北省城镇化地域差异的实证研究[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2006,(4):107-111.
[13]姚斯杰.FDI对区域收入差距影响研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2010.
[14]覃成林,张华,张技辉.中国区域发展不平衡的新趋势及成因——基于人口加权变异系数的测度及其空间和产业二重分解[J].中国工业经济,2011,(10):37-45.