大斜度井钻柱动态摩阻扭矩快速求解方法
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摘要
中国正在逐渐加大滩海油气资源的开采力度,大斜度井是滩海油气开采的主要井型,大斜度井极限延伸钻进长度在很大程度上决定了其开采效益。钻前与钻井过程中摩阻扭矩的精准预测和准确快速计算是确保大斜度井极限延伸钻进的关键。目前基于有限元框架的动态摩阻扭矩计算方法,既能计算稳态摩阻扭矩又能计算瞬态波动量,同时与解析解相比,还可以更好地处理边界条件,有效提高摩阻扭矩的计算精度,但计算速度慢,现场使用不便。为确保动态摩阻扭矩的计算精度并提高计算速度,笔者基于大斜度井动态摩阻扭矩参数敏感性分析和相似度原理,建立了各系统参数影响摩阻扭矩的快速插值模型,并开发了一套高精度和高计算效率的摩阻扭矩计算软件,该方法和软件已在冀东油田的大斜度井中推广应用。
China is gradually enhancing the exploitation of oil and gas resources in the tidal zone.The highly-deviated well is dominant during oil and gas exploitation in the tidal zone.The ultimate extension of highly-deviated well largely determines its exploitation effects.The precise prediction of friction torque before drilling and its accurate and fast calculation during drilling is the key to ensure the ultimate extension of drilling in highly-deviated well.At present,the calculation method of dynamic friction torque based on finite element framework can not only obtain steady-state friction torque and transient fluctuation,but also well deal with boundary conditions.This method is able to effectively improve the calculation precision of friction torque.However,due to the slow calculation speed,it is inconvenient for onsite use.To improve the calculation speed on the premise of ensuring the calculation accuracy of dynamic friction torque,based on the parameter sensitivity analysis and the similarity principle of dynamic friction torque of highlydeviated well,the fast interpolation model for various system parameters influencing friction torque is established;a friction torque calculation software of high precision and great computational efficiency is also developed.The method and software have been applied in the highly-deviated wells of Jidong oilfield.
China is gradually enhancing the exploitation of oil and gas resources in the tidal zone.The highly-deviated well is dominant during oil and gas exploitation in the tidal zone.The ultimate extension of highly-deviated well largely determines its exploitation effects.The precise prediction of friction torque before drilling and its accurate and fast calculation during drilling is the key to ensure the ultimate extension of drilling in highly-deviated well.At present,the calculation method of dynamic friction torque based on finite element framework can not only obtain steady-state friction torque and transient fluctuation,but also well deal with boundary conditions.This method is able to effectively improve the calculation precision of friction torque.However,due to the slow calculation speed,it is inconvenient for onsite use.To improve the calculation speed on the premise of ensuring the calculation accuracy of dynamic friction torque,based on the parameter sensitivity analysis and the similarity principle of dynamic friction torque of highlydeviated well,the fast interpolation model for various system parameters influencing friction torque is established;a friction torque calculation software of high precision and great computational efficiency is also developed.The method and software have been applied in the highly-deviated wells of Jidong oilfield.
引文
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[11]白家祉,林小敏.纵横弯曲法对钻具组合的二维分析[J].石油学报,1985,6(3):75-84.BAI Jiazhi,LIN Xiaomin.Two-dimensional analysis of bottom hole assembly by beam-column theory[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,1985,6(3):75-84.
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[13]刘清友,马德坤,汤小文.钻柱纵向振动模型的建立及求解方法[J].西南石油学院学报,1998,20(4):55-58.LIU Qingyou,MA Dekun,TANG Xiaowen.The method of solution and establishment for axial vibration model of drilling string[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum Institute,1998,20(4):55-58.
[14]刘清友,马德坤,钟青.钻柱扭转振动模型的建立及求解[J].石油学报,2000,21(2):78-82.LIU Qingyou,MA Dekun,ZHONG Qing.A drilling string torsional vibration model and its solution[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2000,21(2):78-82.
[15]宋执武,高德利,马健.大位移井摩阻/扭矩预测计算新模型[J].石油钻采工艺,2006,28(6):1-4.SONG Zhiwu,GAO Deli,MA Jian.New model for forecasting drag and torque in extended reach well[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2006,28(6):1-4.
[16]李子丰.油气井杆管柱力学研究进展与争论[J].石油学报,2016,37(4):531-556.LI Zhifeng.Research advances and debates on tubular mechanics in oil and gas wells[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2016,37(4):531-556.
[17]肖国益,徐进,祝效华,等.钻头-钻柱系统振动特性分析[J].中外能源,2011,16(8):53-57.XIAO Guoyi,XU Jin,ZHU Xiaohua,et al.Analysis on vibration characteristics of bit-drill string system[J].Sino-Global Energy,2011,16(8):53-57.
[18]DYKSTRA M W.Nonlinear drill string dynamics[D].Tulsa:University of Tulsa,1996.
[19]祝效华,刘清友,童华.牙轮钻头动力学特性仿真研究[J].石油学报,2004,25(4):96-100.ZHU Xiaohua,LIU Qingyou,TONG Hua.Emulation research on dynamics of roller cone bit[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2004,25(4):96-100.
[20]祝效华,刘清友,童华.三维井眼全井钻柱系统动力学模型研究[J].石油学报,2008,29(2):288-291.ZHU Xiaohua,LIU Qingyou,TONG Hua.Research on dynamics model of full hole drilling-string system with three-dimensional trajectory[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2008,29(2):288-291.
[21]祝效华,童华,刘清友.钻柱动力学研究回顾及新思路的提出[J].海洋石油,2007,27(1):84-87.ZHU Xiaohua,TONG Hua,LIU Qingyou.Review and new research of drill string system dynamics[J].Offshore Oil,2007,27(1):84-87.
[22]ZHU Xiaohua,LI Bo,LIU Qingyou,et al.New analysis theory and method for drag and torque based on full-hole system dynamics in highly deviated well[J].Mathematical Problems in Engineering,2015,2015:535830.
[23]祝效华,贾彦杰,童华.气体钻井钻柱振动特性及控制措施[J].石油学报,2012,33(2):293-297.ZHU Xiaohua,JIA Yanjie,TONG Hua.Vibrating characteristics of drill string in gas drilling and its control measures[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2012,33(2):293-297.
[2]李云峰.南堡3号构造中深层大斜度井钻井技术[J].断块油气田,2017,24(4):587-591.LI Yunfeng.Drilling technology for deep long displacement and highly deviated well in Nanpu No.3 structure[J].Fault-Block Oil&Gas Field,2017,24(4):587-591.
[3]SUN Xiaofeng,YAN Tie,WANG Kelin,et al.A new method to identify the critical velocity to protect stationary bed development for highly deviated wells[J].Advanced Materials Research,2013,616-618:885-890.
[4]狄勤丰,陈锋,李宁,等.超深井钻具接头极限工作扭矩图版及其应用[J].石油学报,2016,37(4):516-522.DI Qinfeng,CHEN Feng,LI Ning,et al.Ultimate working torque chart of tool joints in ultra deep wells and its application[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2016,37(4):516-522.
[5]高佳佳,邓金根,闫伟,等.基于井壁稳定控制建立井眼轨迹优化预测模型[J].石油学报,2016,37(9):1179-1186.GAO Jiajia,DENG Jingen,YAN Wei,et al.Establishment of a prediction model for the borehole trajactory optimization based on controlling wellbore stability[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2016,37(9):1179-1186.
[6]李子丰,王长进,田伟超,等.钻柱力学三原理及定性模拟实验[J].石油学报,2017,38(2):227-233.LI Zifeng,WANG Changjin,TIAN Weichao,et al.Three principles of drill string mechanics and qualitative simulation experiments[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2017,38(2):227-233.
[7]祝效华,刘伟吉.单齿高频扭转冲击切削的破岩及提速机理[J].石油学报,2017,38(5):578-586.ZHU Xiaohua,LIU Weiji.The rock breaking and ROP rising mechanism for single-tooth high-frequency torsional impact cutting[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2017,38(5):578-586.
[8]JOHANCSIK C A,FRIESEN D B,DAWSON R.Torque and drag in directional wells-prediction and measurement[J].Journal of Petroleum Technology,1984,36(6):987-992.
[9]HO H S.An improved modeling program for computing the torque and drag in directional and deep wells[R].SPE18047,1988.
[10]李子丰,刘希圣.水平井钻柱稳态拉力-扭矩模型及其应用[J].石油钻探技术,1992,20(4):1-6.LI Zifeng,LIU Xisheng.Steady state tubing string tension-torque physical models and its application for drill stem in horizontal well[J].Petroleum Drilling Techniques,1992,20(4):1-6.
[11]白家祉,林小敏.纵横弯曲法对钻具组合的二维分析[J].石油学报,1985,6(3):75-84.BAI Jiazhi,LIN Xiaomin.Two-dimensional analysis of bottom hole assembly by beam-column theory[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,1985,6(3):75-84.
[12]白家祉,黄惠泽,刘玉石.纵横弯曲法对钻具组合的三维分析[J].石油学报,1989,10(2):60-66.BAI Jiazhi,HUANG Huize,LIU Yushi.Three-dimensional analysis of bottom hole assembly by beam-column theory[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,1989,10(2):60-66.
[13]刘清友,马德坤,汤小文.钻柱纵向振动模型的建立及求解方法[J].西南石油学院学报,1998,20(4):55-58.LIU Qingyou,MA Dekun,TANG Xiaowen.The method of solution and establishment for axial vibration model of drilling string[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum Institute,1998,20(4):55-58.
[14]刘清友,马德坤,钟青.钻柱扭转振动模型的建立及求解[J].石油学报,2000,21(2):78-82.LIU Qingyou,MA Dekun,ZHONG Qing.A drilling string torsional vibration model and its solution[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2000,21(2):78-82.
[15]宋执武,高德利,马健.大位移井摩阻/扭矩预测计算新模型[J].石油钻采工艺,2006,28(6):1-4.SONG Zhiwu,GAO Deli,MA Jian.New model for forecasting drag and torque in extended reach well[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2006,28(6):1-4.
[16]李子丰.油气井杆管柱力学研究进展与争论[J].石油学报,2016,37(4):531-556.LI Zhifeng.Research advances and debates on tubular mechanics in oil and gas wells[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2016,37(4):531-556.
[17]肖国益,徐进,祝效华,等.钻头-钻柱系统振动特性分析[J].中外能源,2011,16(8):53-57.XIAO Guoyi,XU Jin,ZHU Xiaohua,et al.Analysis on vibration characteristics of bit-drill string system[J].Sino-Global Energy,2011,16(8):53-57.
[18]DYKSTRA M W.Nonlinear drill string dynamics[D].Tulsa:University of Tulsa,1996.
[19]祝效华,刘清友,童华.牙轮钻头动力学特性仿真研究[J].石油学报,2004,25(4):96-100.ZHU Xiaohua,LIU Qingyou,TONG Hua.Emulation research on dynamics of roller cone bit[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2004,25(4):96-100.
[20]祝效华,刘清友,童华.三维井眼全井钻柱系统动力学模型研究[J].石油学报,2008,29(2):288-291.ZHU Xiaohua,LIU Qingyou,TONG Hua.Research on dynamics model of full hole drilling-string system with three-dimensional trajectory[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2008,29(2):288-291.
[21]祝效华,童华,刘清友.钻柱动力学研究回顾及新思路的提出[J].海洋石油,2007,27(1):84-87.ZHU Xiaohua,TONG Hua,LIU Qingyou.Review and new research of drill string system dynamics[J].Offshore Oil,2007,27(1):84-87.
[22]ZHU Xiaohua,LI Bo,LIU Qingyou,et al.New analysis theory and method for drag and torque based on full-hole system dynamics in highly deviated well[J].Mathematical Problems in Engineering,2015,2015:535830.
[23]祝效华,贾彦杰,童华.气体钻井钻柱振动特性及控制措施[J].石油学报,2012,33(2):293-297.ZHU Xiaohua,JIA Yanjie,TONG Hua.Vibrating characteristics of drill string in gas drilling and its control measures[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2012,33(2):293-297.