煤层底板隐伏陷落柱突水预测及采前注浆加固评价
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摘要
华北型煤矿开采受底板岩溶强含水层威胁,通过对淮南张集矿1613A工作面底板隐伏岩溶陷落柱突水危险性分析,采用FLAC3D方法模拟采动条件下岩溶陷落柱活化过程。模拟结果显示:陷落柱上方的煤层底板岩体发生塑性变形,导致陷落柱附近岩体失稳,陷落柱筒壁产生局部剪切破坏,剪切破坏位置易导致奥灰强含水层发生陷落柱突水。采前采用注浆方法改造岩溶陷落柱,对改造后的陷落柱进行数值模拟分析,其内部注浆岩体对陷落柱筒壁具有良好的支撑作用,抑制了筒壁位置剪切破坏的发生,使有效隔水层厚度增大,降低了陷落柱突水的危险性。
The coal mining of North-China-Type coalfields has been threatened by the karst strong aquifer at floor. The hazard of water inrush from the hidden karst collapse column at the floor of 1613A working face in Zhangji Mine,Huainan was analyzed,and the activation process of karst collapse column under the mining conditions was simulated by using the FLAC3D method. The simulation results showed that the rock mass at the coal seam floor above the collapse column occurred the plastic deformation,which caused the instability of rock mass near the collapse column,and the barrel wall of collapse column occurred the local shear failure,so the water inrush from collapse column in the ordovician limestone strong aquifer was easily to occur in the position of shear failure. The karst collapse column was transformed by using the grouting method before mining,and the numerical simulation analysis was conducted on the collapse column after transformation. The rock mass with internal grouting played good support role on the barrel wall of collapse column,which prohibited the occurrence of shear failure in the position of barrel wall,increased the thickness of effective aquifuge,and reduced the hazard of water inrush from collapse column.
The coal mining of North-China-Type coalfields has been threatened by the karst strong aquifer at floor. The hazard of water inrush from the hidden karst collapse column at the floor of 1613A working face in Zhangji Mine,Huainan was analyzed,and the activation process of karst collapse column under the mining conditions was simulated by using the FLAC3D method. The simulation results showed that the rock mass at the coal seam floor above the collapse column occurred the plastic deformation,which caused the instability of rock mass near the collapse column,and the barrel wall of collapse column occurred the local shear failure,so the water inrush from collapse column in the ordovician limestone strong aquifer was easily to occur in the position of shear failure. The karst collapse column was transformed by using the grouting method before mining,and the numerical simulation analysis was conducted on the collapse column after transformation. The rock mass with internal grouting played good support role on the barrel wall of collapse column,which prohibited the occurrence of shear failure in the position of barrel wall,increased the thickness of effective aquifuge,and reduced the hazard of water inrush from collapse column.
引文
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[14]尹尚先,武强,王尚旭.北方岩溶陷落柱的充水特征及水文地质模型[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(1):77-82.YIN Shangxian,WU Qiang,WANG Shangxu.Water-bearing characteristics and hydro-geological models of karstic collapse columns in north china[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(1):77-82.
[15]尹尚先,武强,王尚旭.华北岩溶陷落柱突水的水文地质及力学基础[J].煤炭学报,2004,29(2):182-185.YIN Shangxian,WU Qiang,WANG Shangxu.Hydrogeological and mechanical basics of water inrushfrom karstic collapse columns in Northern China[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2004,29(2):182-185.
[2]刘国林,潘懋,尹尚先.华北型煤田岩溶陷落柱导水性研究[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2009,5(2):154-158.LIU Guolin,PAN Mao,YIN Shangxian.The study on water conductivity of paleo-sinkholes in North-China-Type coalfields[J].Journal of Safety Science and Technology,2009,5(2):154-158.
[3]李振华,徐高明,李见波.我国陷落柱突水问题的研究现状与展望[J].中国矿业,2009,18(4):107-109.LI Zhenhua,XU Gaoming,LI Jianbo.Research status and outlook of water-inrush from collapse column in China[J].China Mining Magazine,2009,18(4):107-109.
[4]杨为民,周治安,李智毅.岩溶陷落柱充填特征及活化导水分析[J].中国岩溶,2001,20(4):34-38.YANG Weimin,ZHOU Zhian,LI Zhiyi.Filling characteristics of karst collapse column and analysis of activated water conductivity[J].Carsologica Sinica,2001,20(4):34-38.
[5]李连崇,唐春安,左宇军,等.煤层底板下隐伏陷落柱的滞后突水机理[J].煤炭学报,2009,34(9):1212-1216.LI Lianchong,TANG Chunan,ZUO Yujun,et al.Mechanism of hysteretic ground water inrush from coal seam floor with karstic collapse columns[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2009,34(9):1212-1216.
[6]尹尚先,王尚旭.陷落柱影响采场围岩破坏和底板突水的数值模拟分析[J].煤炭学报,2003,28(3):264-269.YIN Shangxian,WANG Shangxu.Numerical simulation analysis of influence of collapse column on surrounding rock failure and floor water inrush in stope[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2003,28(3):264-269.
[7]曹鹤.白羊岭煤矿岩溶陷落柱发育规律及成因探讨[D].徐州:中国矿业大学,2017.
[8]张凯,姚邦华,吴松刚,等.陷落柱的变质量流特性及其突水危险性数值模拟[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2013,30(6):892-896.ZHANG Kai,YAO Banghua,WU Songgang,et al.Study on the characteristics of variable mass seepage and water inrush mechanism of collapse column[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2013,30(6):892-896.
[9]李浩,白海波,武建军,等.D-P随机损伤本构模型及其在预防陷落柱突水中的应用[J].岩土力学,2018,39(12):4577-4587.LI Hao,BAI Haibo,WU Jianjun,et al.D-P stochastic damage constitutive model and its application in preventing water inrush of karst collapsed column[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2018,39(12):4577-4587.
[10]徐卫国,赵桂荣.真空吸蚀作用引起的塌陷实例[J].水文地质工程地质,1988(3):50-51.XU Weiguo,ZHAO Guirong.Example of collapse caused by vacuum aspiration[J].Hydrogeology&Engineering Geology,1988(3):50-51.
[11]许进鹏.陷落柱活化导水机理研究[D].青岛:山东科技大学,2006.
[12]李可.承压水上采煤底板破坏特征[J].煤矿安全,2017,48(2):178-180,184.LI Ke.Floor failure characteristics of coal mining above confined aquifers[J].Safety in Coal Mines,2017,48(2):178-180,184.
[13]张星宇,许延春,高玉兵,等.推采陷落柱工作面支承压力状态演变规律研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2019,48(2):278-286,321.ZHANG Xingyu,XU Yanchun,GAO Yubing,et al.Study of evolution laws of abutment pressure in front of a mining face when passing a collapse column[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2019,48(2):278-286,321.
[14]尹尚先,武强,王尚旭.北方岩溶陷落柱的充水特征及水文地质模型[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(1):77-82.YIN Shangxian,WU Qiang,WANG Shangxu.Water-bearing characteristics and hydro-geological models of karstic collapse columns in north china[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(1):77-82.
[15]尹尚先,武强,王尚旭.华北岩溶陷落柱突水的水文地质及力学基础[J].煤炭学报,2004,29(2):182-185.YIN Shangxian,WU Qiang,WANG Shangxu.Hydrogeological and mechanical basics of water inrushfrom karstic collapse columns in Northern China[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2004,29(2):182-185.