普光气田飞仙关组与米桑油田群Mishrif组碳酸盐岩储层对比分析
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摘要
普光气田三叠系飞仙关组和伊拉克米桑油田群B油田白垩系Mishrif组主力产层均为礁滩相碳酸盐岩沉积,但两者储层物性差异较大。飞仙关组储层以白云岩为主,主要发育鲕模孔、粒内溶孔和粒间溶孔,为中孔低—特低渗;而Mishrif组储层以灰岩为主,主要发育粒间溶孔、粒内溶孔和铸模孔,以中孔中—低渗为主,纵向局部发育中孔高渗。综合研究发现:准同生期溶蚀作用是飞仙关组和Mishrif组优质储层形成的主要原因,白云石化作用对飞仙关组储层孔隙度贡献有限,但对储层进一步成岩作用和孔隙演化有重要影响;沉积环境不是造成两者储层物性差异的根本原因,但影响着后期成岩作用;差异压实和胶结作用是储层差异的主控因素。进一步分析表明,埋藏演化是导致成岩差异的主要原因,普光地区构造运动更为活跃,开放的成岩系统与强烈水-岩反应为飞仙关组储层大量胶结物的形成提供了基础,影响了储层的物性;米桑油田群封闭的成岩系统和较弱的水-岩作用不利于胶结物的形成,从而有利于储层孔隙的保存。研究结果可为海相碳酸盐岩储层和油气勘探研究提供参考。
As main oil/gas bearing zones,both Triassic Feixianguan Formation of Puguang gas field and Cretaceous Mishrif Formation in B oilfield of Missan oilfields,Iraq are reef-bank carbonate sediments;however,they are quite different in reservoir physical property.Feixianguan Formation reservoir rocks are mainly dolomite,where mainly oolitic pores,intragranular dissolved pores and intergranular dissolved pores developed with medium porosity and superlow permeability.The Mishrif Formation reservoir rocks are mainly lime-stone,where mainly oolitic pores,intragranular dissolved pores and moldic pores developed with medium porosity and medium-low permeability;and local medium porosity and high permeability in vertical direction.The comprehensive study implemented reveals that pene-contemporaneous dissolution played a critical role for the formation of high-quality reservoirs in Feixianguan and Mishrif formations,while the dolomitization made limited contribution to the porosity of Feixianguan Formation reservoirs,but generated important influence on reservoir diagenesis and pore evolution;additionally,the depositional environment is not the fundamental reason to cause the difference in reservoir physical properties between Feixianguan Formation and Mishrif Formation,but it affects the diagenesis in later stage.Instead,differential compaction and cementation are major controlling factors of reservoir difference.Further analysis indicates that burial evolution is the major cause for diagenetic differentiation.Puguang area experienced active tectonic movement,and both open diagenetic system and strong water-rock reaction could provide foundation for the formation of a large amount of cements in Feixianguan Formation reservoirs,which influenced reservoir physical properties.In Missan oilfields,both confined diagenetic system and weak water-rock system were not conducive to cement formation,while they are favorable for pore preservation in reservoirs.The study results could provide a reference for the study on marine carbonate reservoirs and hydrocarbon exploration.
As main oil/gas bearing zones,both Triassic Feixianguan Formation of Puguang gas field and Cretaceous Mishrif Formation in B oilfield of Missan oilfields,Iraq are reef-bank carbonate sediments;however,they are quite different in reservoir physical property.Feixianguan Formation reservoir rocks are mainly dolomite,where mainly oolitic pores,intragranular dissolved pores and intergranular dissolved pores developed with medium porosity and superlow permeability.The Mishrif Formation reservoir rocks are mainly lime-stone,where mainly oolitic pores,intragranular dissolved pores and moldic pores developed with medium porosity and medium-low permeability;and local medium porosity and high permeability in vertical direction.The comprehensive study implemented reveals that pene-contemporaneous dissolution played a critical role for the formation of high-quality reservoirs in Feixianguan and Mishrif formations,while the dolomitization made limited contribution to the porosity of Feixianguan Formation reservoirs,but generated important influence on reservoir diagenesis and pore evolution;additionally,the depositional environment is not the fundamental reason to cause the difference in reservoir physical properties between Feixianguan Formation and Mishrif Formation,but it affects the diagenesis in later stage.Instead,differential compaction and cementation are major controlling factors of reservoir difference.Further analysis indicates that burial evolution is the major cause for diagenetic differentiation.Puguang area experienced active tectonic movement,and both open diagenetic system and strong water-rock reaction could provide foundation for the formation of a large amount of cements in Feixianguan Formation reservoirs,which influenced reservoir physical properties.In Missan oilfields,both confined diagenetic system and weak water-rock system were not conducive to cement formation,while they are favorable for pore preservation in reservoirs.The study results could provide a reference for the study on marine carbonate reservoirs and hydrocarbon exploration.
引文
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[18]王恕一,蒋小琼,管宏林,等.川东北普光气田飞仙关组储层孔隙演化[J].石油实验地质,2009,31(1):26-30.WANG Shuyi,JIANG Xiaoqiong,GUAN Honglin,et al.Pore evolution of reservoirs of Feixianguan Formation in Puguang gasfield in Northeastern Sichuan[J].Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2009,31(1):26-30.
[19]王一刚,文应初,洪海涛,等.四川盆地北部晚二叠世—早三叠世碳酸盐岩斜坡相带沉积特征[J].古地理学报,2009,11(2):143-156.WANG Yigang,WEN Yingchu,HONG Haitao,et al.Carbonate slope facies sedimentary characteristics of the Late Permian to Early Triassic in northern Sichuan basin[J].Journal of Palaeogeography,2009,11(2):143-156.
[20]强子同.碳酸盐岩储层地质学[M].东营:石油大学出版社,1988:336-359.
[21]马永生.四川盆地普光超大型气田的形成机制[J].石油学报,2007,28(2):9-15.MA Yongsheng.Generation mechanism of Puguang Gas Field in Sichuan Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2007,28(2):9-15.
[22]何登发,李德生,张国伟,等.四川多旋回叠合盆地的形成与演化[J].地质科学,2011,46(3):589-606.HE Dengfa,LI Desheng,ZHANG Guowei,et al.Formation and evolution of multi-cycle superposed Sichuan Basin,China[J].Chinese Journal of Geology,2011,46(3):589-606.
[23]张岳桥,董树文,李建华,等.中生代多向挤压构造作用与四川盆地的形成和改造[J].中国地质,2011,38(2):233-250.ZHANG Yueqiao,DONG Shuwen,LI Jianhua,et al.Mesozoic multi-directional compressional tectonics and formation-reformation of Sichuan basin[J].Geology in China,2011,38(2):233-250.
[2]康玉柱.中国古生界油气勘探前景展望[J].地质力学学报,2006,12(1):1-5.KANG Yuzhu.Prospects of petroleum exploration in the Paleozoic of China[J].Journal of Geomechanics,2006,12(1):1-5.
[3]陈金勇,李振鹏.碳酸盐岩储层的主要影响因素[J].海洋地质动态,2010,26(4):19-25.CHEN Jinyong,LI Zhenpeng.Major controlling factors of carbonate rock reservoir[J].Marine Geology Letters,2010,26(4):19-25.
[4]金之钧.中国海相碳酸盐岩层系油气勘探特殊性问题[J].地学前缘,2005,12(3):15-22.JIN Zhijun.Particularity of petroleum exploration on marine carbonate strata in China sedimentary basins[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2005,12(3):15-22.
[5]ZOU Caineng,TAO Shizhen.Major factors controlling the formation of middle and large marine carbonate stratigraphic fields[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2007,52(S1):44-53.
[6]汪泽成,王铜山,文龙,等.四川盆地安岳特大型气田基本地质特征与形成条件[J].中国海上油气,2016,28(2):45-52.DOI:10.11935/j.issn.1673-1506.2016.02.005.WANG Zecheng,WANG Tongshan,WEN Long,et al.Basic geological characteristics and accumulation condition of Anyue giant gas field,Sichuan basin[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2016,28(2):45-52.DOI:10.11935/j.issn.1673-1506.2016.02.005.
[7]MA Y S,GUO X S,GUO T L,et al.The Puguang gas field:new giant discovery in the mature Sichuan Basin,southwest China[J].AAPG Bulletin,2007,91(5):627-643.
[8]CHEN P Y,TAN X C,YANG H T,et al.Characteristics and genesis of the Feixianguan Formation oolitic shoal reservoir,Puguang gas field,Sichuan Basin,China[J].Frontiers of Earth Science,2015,9(1):26-39.
[9]BURCHETTE T P.Mishrif Formation(Cenomanian-Turonian),southern Arabian Gulf:carbonate platform growth along a cratonic basin margin[C]∥SIMO J A,SCOTT R W,MASSE J P.Cretaceous carbonate platforms.AAPG Memoir,1993,56:185-199.
[10]AQRAWI A A M,THEHNI G A,SHERWANI G H,et al.Mid-Cretaceous rudist-bearing carbonates of the Mishrif Formation:an important reservoir sequence in the Mesopotamian Basin[J].Journal of Petroleum Geology,1998,21(1):57-82.
[11]马永生,蔡勋育,李国雄.四川盆地普光大型气藏基本特征及成藏富集规律[J].地质学报,2005,79(6):858-865.MA Yongsheng,CAI Xunyu,LI Guoxiong.Basic characteristics and concentration of the Puguang gasfield in the Sichuan basin[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2005,79(6):858-865.
[12]AQRAWI A A M,GOFF J C,HORBURY A,et al.The petroleum geology of Iraq[M].Beaconsfield,UK:Scientific Press,2010:424.
[13]陈培元,段晓梦,郭丽娜,等.伊拉克米桑油田群中白垩统Mishrif组岩溶特征及作用模式[J].中国海上油气,2017,29(2):46-52.DOI:10.11935/J.issn.1673-1506.2017.02.006.CHEN Peiyuan,DUAN Xiaomeng,GUO Lina,et al.Karst characteristics and karstification model in the Mid-Cretaceous Mishrif Formation of Missan oilfields,Iraq[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2017,29(2):46-52.DOI:10.11935/j.issn.1673-1506.2017.02.006.
[14]SADOONI F N,AQRAWI A A M.Cretaceous sequence stratigraphy and petroleum potential of the Mesopotamian Basin,Iraq[J].Special Publications,2000:315-334.
[15]MAHDI T A,AQRAWI A A M,HORBURY A,et al.Sedimentological characterization of the Mid-Cretaceous Mishrif reservoir in southern Mesopotamian Basin,Iraq[J].GeoArabia,2013,18(1):139-174.
[16]靳秀菊,侯加根,刘红磊,等.普光气田礁滩相复杂孔隙类型储集层渗透率地震预测方法[J].古地理学报,2016,18(2):275-284.JIN Xiuju,HOU Jiagen,LIU Honglei,et al.Seismic prediction method of permeability of reef bank reservoir with complex pore types in Puguang Gasfield[J].Journal of Palaeogeography,2016,18(2):275-284.
[17]蒋小琼,管宏林,郑和荣,等.四川盆地普光气田飞仙关组白云岩储层成因探讨[J].石油实验地质,2014,36(3):332-336.JIANG Xiaoqiong,GUAN Honglin,ZHENG Herong,et al.Discussion on origin of dolomite reservoirs in Feixianguan Formation,Puguang Gas Field,Sichuan Basin[J].Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2014,36(3):332-336.
[18]王恕一,蒋小琼,管宏林,等.川东北普光气田飞仙关组储层孔隙演化[J].石油实验地质,2009,31(1):26-30.WANG Shuyi,JIANG Xiaoqiong,GUAN Honglin,et al.Pore evolution of reservoirs of Feixianguan Formation in Puguang gasfield in Northeastern Sichuan[J].Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2009,31(1):26-30.
[19]王一刚,文应初,洪海涛,等.四川盆地北部晚二叠世—早三叠世碳酸盐岩斜坡相带沉积特征[J].古地理学报,2009,11(2):143-156.WANG Yigang,WEN Yingchu,HONG Haitao,et al.Carbonate slope facies sedimentary characteristics of the Late Permian to Early Triassic in northern Sichuan basin[J].Journal of Palaeogeography,2009,11(2):143-156.
[20]强子同.碳酸盐岩储层地质学[M].东营:石油大学出版社,1988:336-359.
[21]马永生.四川盆地普光超大型气田的形成机制[J].石油学报,2007,28(2):9-15.MA Yongsheng.Generation mechanism of Puguang Gas Field in Sichuan Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2007,28(2):9-15.
[22]何登发,李德生,张国伟,等.四川多旋回叠合盆地的形成与演化[J].地质科学,2011,46(3):589-606.HE Dengfa,LI Desheng,ZHANG Guowei,et al.Formation and evolution of multi-cycle superposed Sichuan Basin,China[J].Chinese Journal of Geology,2011,46(3):589-606.
[23]张岳桥,董树文,李建华,等.中生代多向挤压构造作用与四川盆地的形成和改造[J].中国地质,2011,38(2):233-250.ZHANG Yueqiao,DONG Shuwen,LI Jianhua,et al.Mesozoic multi-directional compressional tectonics and formation-reformation of Sichuan basin[J].Geology in China,2011,38(2):233-250.