饲料中添加酵母培养物对黄颡鱼生长性能、非特异性免疫和肠道健康的影响
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摘要
为研究饲料中添加酵母培养物对黄颡鱼生长性能、非特异性免疫和肠道健康的影响,在基础饲料中分别添加0、1%和2%的酵母培养物YC1(粗蛋白含量为50%)、1%和2%的酵母培养物YC2(粗蛋白含量为55%),配制5种等氮等脂(42%粗蛋白和8%粗脂肪)的实验饲料,分别命名为C、YC1-1、YC1-2、YC2-1和YC2-2。选择初始体质量为(4.87±0.00) g的黄颡鱼375尾,随机分为5组(每组3个重复,每个重复25尾),进行为期8周的养殖实验。结果显示,YC2-1和YC2-2处理组黄颡鱼的增重率(WG)显著高于对照组,YC2-2处理组的特定生长率(SGR)显著高于对照组;YC2-1和YC2-2处理组黄颡鱼肌肉的蛋白沉积率(PPV)显著高于对照组,蛋白质效率(PER)随着酵母培养物添加水平的上升呈先上升后下降的趋势,YC2-1处理组的PER最高;YC2-1和YC2-2处理组的饲料系数(FCR)显著低于对照组,YC2-2处理组的FCR显著低于YC2-1处理组;YC2-1和YC2-2处理组肝脏溶菌酶(LSZ)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性均显著高于对照组;YC2-1处理组的肠道皱襞高度显著高于YC1-1处理组,皱襞宽度和上皮细胞高度显著高于YC2-2处理组。嗜水气单胞菌攻毒实验中,酵母培养物组的平均累积死亡率(CMR)均低于对照组,YC2-1处理组的CMR显著低于对照组。研究表明,在本实验条件下,饲料中添加酵母培养物YC2能有效改善黄颡鱼机体非特异性免疫功能、提高抗氧化能力、维持肠道健康以及提高黄颡鱼抗嗜水气单胞菌感染的能力。
An 8-week feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary yeast culture supplementation on growth performance, nonspecific immunity and intestinal health of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco. Yeast culture YC1(50% crude protein), yeast culture YC2(55% crude protein) with 0, 1% and 2%, respectively were added to basic diet, and five practical diets with iso-nitrogenous and iso-lipidic(42% crude protein and 8% crude lipid) were prepared, named C, YC1-1, YC1-2, YC2-1 and YC2-2, respectively. A total of 375 P. fulvidraco with an average initial body weight about(4.87±0.00) g were randomly allocated into five groups with three replicates per group and 25 fish per replicate. The results indicated that fish fed the diets containing YC2-1 and YC2-2 had higher weight gain rate(WGR) than that fed the control diet of P. fulvidraco, and the highest specific growth rate(SGR)was observed at YC2-2 treatment among all treatments. Fish fed the diets containing YC2-1 and YC2-2 had higher productive protein value(PPV) than that fed the control diet of P. fulvidraco. Protein efficiency rate(PER)increased at first and then decreased with the increase of yeast culture addition level, and YC2-1 treatment had the highest PER among all treatments. Fish fed the diets containing YC2-1 and YC2-2 had lower feed coefficient rate(FCR) than that fed the control diet of P. fulvidraco, and YC2-2 treatment had lower FCR than that the YC2-1 treatment. Fish fed the diets containing YC2-1 and YC2-2 had higher activity of lysozyme(LSZ) and superoxide dismutase(SOD) than that fed the control diet in the liver of P. fulvidraco. Fish fed the diets containing YC2-1 had higher height of intestinal folds than that fed the YC1-1 diet of P. fulvidraco, and fish fed the diets containing YC2-1 had greater width of folds and height of epithelial cells than that the YC2-2 treatment of P. fulvidraco. In the experiment of Aeromonas hydrophila challenge, fish fed the diets containing yeast culture had lower average cumulative mortality rates(CMR) than that fed the control diet of P. fulvidraco, and the lowest CMR was observed at YC2-1 treatment among all treatments. In conclusion, under the experimental conditions, adding yeast culture YC2 to diet can effectively improve the nonspecific immune function of P. fulvidraco, improve its antioxidant capacity, maintain intestinal health and improve its ability to resist A. hydrophila infection.
An 8-week feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary yeast culture supplementation on growth performance, nonspecific immunity and intestinal health of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco. Yeast culture YC1(50% crude protein), yeast culture YC2(55% crude protein) with 0, 1% and 2%, respectively were added to basic diet, and five practical diets with iso-nitrogenous and iso-lipidic(42% crude protein and 8% crude lipid) were prepared, named C, YC1-1, YC1-2, YC2-1 and YC2-2, respectively. A total of 375 P. fulvidraco with an average initial body weight about(4.87±0.00) g were randomly allocated into five groups with three replicates per group and 25 fish per replicate. The results indicated that fish fed the diets containing YC2-1 and YC2-2 had higher weight gain rate(WGR) than that fed the control diet of P. fulvidraco, and the highest specific growth rate(SGR)was observed at YC2-2 treatment among all treatments. Fish fed the diets containing YC2-1 and YC2-2 had higher productive protein value(PPV) than that fed the control diet of P. fulvidraco. Protein efficiency rate(PER)increased at first and then decreased with the increase of yeast culture addition level, and YC2-1 treatment had the highest PER among all treatments. Fish fed the diets containing YC2-1 and YC2-2 had lower feed coefficient rate(FCR) than that fed the control diet of P. fulvidraco, and YC2-2 treatment had lower FCR than that the YC2-1 treatment. Fish fed the diets containing YC2-1 and YC2-2 had higher activity of lysozyme(LSZ) and superoxide dismutase(SOD) than that fed the control diet in the liver of P. fulvidraco. Fish fed the diets containing YC2-1 had higher height of intestinal folds than that fed the YC1-1 diet of P. fulvidraco, and fish fed the diets containing YC2-1 had greater width of folds and height of epithelial cells than that the YC2-2 treatment of P. fulvidraco. In the experiment of Aeromonas hydrophila challenge, fish fed the diets containing yeast culture had lower average cumulative mortality rates(CMR) than that fed the control diet of P. fulvidraco, and the lowest CMR was observed at YC2-1 treatment among all treatments. In conclusion, under the experimental conditions, adding yeast culture YC2 to diet can effectively improve the nonspecific immune function of P. fulvidraco, improve its antioxidant capacity, maintain intestinal health and improve its ability to resist A. hydrophila infection.
引文
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