高氨氮废水蒸氨塔操作优化与控制
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摘要
基于某企业的蒸氨系统实测基础数据,采用Aspen Plus、MATLAB、Aspen Plus Dynamic等软件,开发出了一套应用于蒸氨塔的实时优化软件。该软件通过读取实时进料流量和组成,计算出在保证废水氨浓度不大于100 mg/L、液氨质量分数>99.5%时,经济最优的塔顶馏出量、塔底热负荷和回流比,并给出合理的PID控制方案。对于蒸氨塔处理量为100 t/h的装置,以液氨3 500元/t价格计,该技术每年可产生500万元经济效益。
The wastewater with high ammonia content needs to be treated by an ammonia distillation tower system before entering the subsequent wastewater treatment system.The current operation of the ammonia distillation tower is generally conservative,leaving a large space to lift economic benefit.Based on the basic data of a certain company's ammonia distillation system,this paper develops a set of real-time optimization software for the ammonia distillation tower by using Aspen Plus,MATLAB,Aspen Plus Dynamic and other softwares.By reading the real-time feed flow and composition,the software calculates the economic optimal cost of overhead distillation,bottom heat load and reflux ratio while ensuring the ammonia concentration in wastewater to be not more than 100 mg·L~(-1) and the purity of liquid ammonia to exceed 99.5%.It also gives a reasonable PID control plan.As for the unit with a treatment capacity of 100 t·h-1,this technology can save RMB5 million of cost per year at a liquid ammonia price of RMB3,500 per ton.
The wastewater with high ammonia content needs to be treated by an ammonia distillation tower system before entering the subsequent wastewater treatment system.The current operation of the ammonia distillation tower is generally conservative,leaving a large space to lift economic benefit.Based on the basic data of a certain company's ammonia distillation system,this paper develops a set of real-time optimization software for the ammonia distillation tower by using Aspen Plus,MATLAB,Aspen Plus Dynamic and other softwares.By reading the real-time feed flow and composition,the software calculates the economic optimal cost of overhead distillation,bottom heat load and reflux ratio while ensuring the ammonia concentration in wastewater to be not more than 100 mg·L~(-1) and the purity of liquid ammonia to exceed 99.5%.It also gives a reasonable PID control plan.As for the unit with a treatment capacity of 100 t·h-1,this technology can save RMB5 million of cost per year at a liquid ammonia price of RMB3,500 per ton.
引文
[1]张永增.合成氨施放气及弛放气的回收[J].河北化工,1999,(4):44-45.
[2]陈集河,杨史峰.合成氨碳化施放气中氨的回收[J].广州化工,1998,26(1):50-51.
[3]GB 16171—2012.炼焦化学工业污染物排放标准[S].
[4]刘军.新型高效等压氨回收塔的设计及使用[J].小氮肥,2006,(3):12-15.
[5]李国忠.焦化行业蒸氨工艺的优化与改造[J].洁净煤技术,2013,19(4):96-102.
[6]王剑舟.氨蒸馏工艺中蒸氨塔的模拟计算[J].浙江化工,2012,43(5):29-33.
[7]沈连峰,苗蕾,宋海军,等.蒸氨塔处理高浓度剩余氨水的应用研究[J].给水排水,2012,48(8):58-60.
[8]Lam H L,Kleme2 J J,Kravanja Z,et al. Software tools overview:Process integration,modelling and optimisation for energy saving and pollution reduction[J].Asia-Pacific Journal of Chemical Engineering,2011,6(5):696-712.
[9]谢扬,沈庆扬.Aspen Plus化工模拟系统在精馏过程中的应用[J].化工生产与技术,1999,6(3):17-22.
[10]刘雨虹.Aspen Plus化工模拟系统在精馏过程中的应用[J].石油化工腐蚀与防护,2003,20(4):56-59.
[11]Luyben M L,Luyben W L.Essentials of process control[M].Newyork:Mc GrawHill,1997.
[12]Luyben W L.Distillation design and control using Aspen simulation[M].New York:John Wiley&Sons,2013.
[13]刘兴高.精馏过程的建模,优化与控制[M].北京:科学出版社,2007.
[2]陈集河,杨史峰.合成氨碳化施放气中氨的回收[J].广州化工,1998,26(1):50-51.
[3]GB 16171—2012.炼焦化学工业污染物排放标准[S].
[4]刘军.新型高效等压氨回收塔的设计及使用[J].小氮肥,2006,(3):12-15.
[5]李国忠.焦化行业蒸氨工艺的优化与改造[J].洁净煤技术,2013,19(4):96-102.
[6]王剑舟.氨蒸馏工艺中蒸氨塔的模拟计算[J].浙江化工,2012,43(5):29-33.
[7]沈连峰,苗蕾,宋海军,等.蒸氨塔处理高浓度剩余氨水的应用研究[J].给水排水,2012,48(8):58-60.
[8]Lam H L,Kleme2 J J,Kravanja Z,et al. Software tools overview:Process integration,modelling and optimisation for energy saving and pollution reduction[J].Asia-Pacific Journal of Chemical Engineering,2011,6(5):696-712.
[9]谢扬,沈庆扬.Aspen Plus化工模拟系统在精馏过程中的应用[J].化工生产与技术,1999,6(3):17-22.
[10]刘雨虹.Aspen Plus化工模拟系统在精馏过程中的应用[J].石油化工腐蚀与防护,2003,20(4):56-59.
[11]Luyben M L,Luyben W L.Essentials of process control[M].Newyork:Mc GrawHill,1997.
[12]Luyben W L.Distillation design and control using Aspen simulation[M].New York:John Wiley&Sons,2013.
[13]刘兴高.精馏过程的建模,优化与控制[M].北京:科学出版社,2007.