羊草种质资源耐盐碱性综合评价
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摘要
以60份羊草种质资源为对象,采用生长期盐碱溶液灌溉胁迫盆栽试验,盐碱胁迫30d后测定株高、分蘖数、叶长、叶宽、叶片数、地上部干重、地上部鲜重、根干重、根鲜重、SPAD值、光合效率、丙二醛含量、脯氨酸含量等13项指标,运用相关性分析、主成分分析、聚类分析、隶属函数法、灰色关联度分析等方法对羊草种质资源耐盐碱性进行综合评价。结果表明:盐碱胁迫处理下,羊草叶片中SPAD值、脯氨酸和丙二醛含量升高,其余指标平均值均小于对照;除叶片数外,其余指标的变异系数均大于10%;采用主成分分析将盐碱胁迫处理下13个单项指标转换成8个综合指标,累计贡献率达87.56%;根干重、分蘖数、脯氨酸含量与羊草种质资源盐碱胁迫灰色关联度较大,敏感度较高;通过隶属函数分析得到不同地理来源羊草幼苗耐盐碱性综合评价值(D值),采用聚类分析将60份羊草种质划分为5种类型,包括高度耐盐碱型(Ⅰ型)3份、耐盐碱型(Ⅱ型)22份、中等耐盐碱型(Ⅲ型)22份、敏感型(Ⅳ型)12份、高度敏感型(Ⅴ型)1份。
This study was to evaluate the saline-alkali tolerance of Leymus chinensis germplasm resource. A pot experiment was conducted on 60 Leymus chinensis germplasm resources under saline-alkali solution irrigation stress in growing period. After 30 days of saline-alkali stress, 13 indicators, such as the plant height, tiller number, leaf length, leaf width, leaf number, shoot fresh weight, shoot dry weight, root fresh weight, root dry weight, SPAD, photosynthetic efficiency, malondialdehyde(MDA) and proline(Pro) content were measured. Correlation analysis, principal component analysis, membership function, cluster analysis and grey correlation analysis were used to comprehensive evaluation on saline-alkali-resistance of Leymus chinensis germplasm resources. The result shows that SPAD value, the content of Pro and MDA in leaves of Leymus chinensis were increased under salt-alkaline stress, and the mean values of the other indicators were lower than those of the control. The variation coefficients of other indicators were greater than 10% except the number of leaves. The 13 single indicators under salt-alkaline stress were converted into eight comprehensive indicators by principal components analysis, and the cumulative contribution rate was 87.56%. Root dry weight, tiller number and Pro were significantly correlated with salt-alkaline tolerance of Leymus chinensis germplasm resources, and were sensitive to salt-alkaline stress. Comprehensive evaluation value(D value) of salt-alkali tolerance of Leymus chinensis seedlings from different geographical sources was obtained by subordinate function analysis. Sixty Leymus chinensis germplasms were classified into five types by cluster analysis, including 3 highly saline-alkali tolerant(type Ⅰ), 22 salt-alkaline-tolerant(type Ⅱ), 22 moderately salt-alkaline-tolerant(type Ⅲ), 12 salt-alkaline-sensitive(type Ⅳ), 1 high salt-alkaline-sensitive(type Ⅴ).
This study was to evaluate the saline-alkali tolerance of Leymus chinensis germplasm resource. A pot experiment was conducted on 60 Leymus chinensis germplasm resources under saline-alkali solution irrigation stress in growing period. After 30 days of saline-alkali stress, 13 indicators, such as the plant height, tiller number, leaf length, leaf width, leaf number, shoot fresh weight, shoot dry weight, root fresh weight, root dry weight, SPAD, photosynthetic efficiency, malondialdehyde(MDA) and proline(Pro) content were measured. Correlation analysis, principal component analysis, membership function, cluster analysis and grey correlation analysis were used to comprehensive evaluation on saline-alkali-resistance of Leymus chinensis germplasm resources. The result shows that SPAD value, the content of Pro and MDA in leaves of Leymus chinensis were increased under salt-alkaline stress, and the mean values of the other indicators were lower than those of the control. The variation coefficients of other indicators were greater than 10% except the number of leaves. The 13 single indicators under salt-alkaline stress were converted into eight comprehensive indicators by principal components analysis, and the cumulative contribution rate was 87.56%. Root dry weight, tiller number and Pro were significantly correlated with salt-alkaline tolerance of Leymus chinensis germplasm resources, and were sensitive to salt-alkaline stress. Comprehensive evaluation value(D value) of salt-alkali tolerance of Leymus chinensis seedlings from different geographical sources was obtained by subordinate function analysis. Sixty Leymus chinensis germplasms were classified into five types by cluster analysis, including 3 highly saline-alkali tolerant(type Ⅰ), 22 salt-alkaline-tolerant(type Ⅱ), 22 moderately salt-alkaline-tolerant(type Ⅲ), 12 salt-alkaline-sensitive(type Ⅳ), 1 high salt-alkaline-sensitive(type Ⅴ).
引文
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[8] 王鑫,朱悦,刘滨硕,等.盐碱胁迫下羊草抗氧化酶活性的变化[J].江苏农业科学,2015,43(5):209-211.Wang Xin,Zhu Yue,Liu Binshuo,et al.Changes in the activity of antioxidant enzymes under the stress of saline-alkali stress[J].Jiangsu Agricultural Science,2015,43(5):209-211.
[9] 刘滨硕,康春莉,李忠民,等.不同盐碱梯度生境下羊草根茎生长的研究[J].东北师大学报(自然科学版),2013,45(3):110-114.Liu Binshuo,Kang Chunli,Li Zhongmin,et al.The effects of different alkalrsaline stress on the growth of rhizome of Leymus chinensis[J].Journal of Northeast Normal University(Natural Science Edition),2013,45(3):110-114.
[10] 杨劼.羊草种质资源描述规范和数据标准[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2010:45-47.Yang Jie.Criteria and data standards for description of germplasm resources of Leymus chinensis[M].Beijing:China Agricultural Press,2010:45-47.
[11] 戴海芳,武辉,阿曼古丽·买买提阿力,等.不同基因型棉花苗期耐盐性分析及其鉴定指标筛选[J].中国农业科学,2014,47(7):1290-1300.Dai Haifang,Wu Hui,Amanguli·Maimaitiali,et al.Analysis of salt-tolerance and determination of salt-tolerant evaluation indicators in cotton seedlings of different genotypes[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2014,47(7):1290-1300.
[12] 李春喜,王志和,王文林.生物统计[M].北京:科学出版社,2000:241-245.Li Chunxi,Wang Zhihe,Wang Wenlin.Biostatistics[M].Beijing:Science Press,2000:241-245.
[13] 吴殿廷,吴迪.用主成分分析法作多指标综合评价应该注意的问题[J].数学的实践与认识,2015,45(20):143-150.Wu Dianting,Wu Di.Some problems in comprehensive evaluation of the principal component analysis[J].Mathematics in Practice and Theory,2015,45(20):143-150.
[14] 王佺珍,刘倩,高娅妮,等.植物对盐碱胁迫的响应机制研究进展[J].生态学报,2017,37(16):5565-5577.Wang Quanzhen,Liu Qian,Gao Yani,et al.Review on the mechanisms of the response to salinity-alkalinity stress in plants[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2017,37(16):5565-5577.
[15] 么婷婷.短期盐碱与干旱胁迫对羊草幼苗生长的影响[D].长春:东北师范大学,2012.Yao Tingting.Effects of chart-term saline-alkaline and drought stress on growth of Leymus chinensis seedling[D].Changchun:Northeast Normal University,2012.
[16] 李学孚,倪智敏,吴月燕,等.盐胁迫对‘郸红’葡萄光合特性及叶片细胞结构的影响[J].生态学报,2015,35(13):4436-4444.Li Xuefu,Ni Zhimin,Wu Yueyan,et al.Effects of salt stress on photosynthetic characteristics and leaf cell structure of ‘Yinhong’ grape seedlings[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2015,35(13):4436-4444.
[17] 王波,宋凤斌.燕麦对盐碱胁迫的反应和适应性[J].生态环境,2006,15(3):625-629.Wang Bo,Song Fengbin.Physiological responses and adaptive capacity of oats to saline-alkali stress[J].Ecology and Environment,2006,15(3):625-629.
[18] 张潭,唐达,李思思,等.盐碱胁迫对枸杞幼苗生物量积累和光合作用的影响[J].西北植物学报,2017,37(12):2474-2482.Zhang Tan,Tang Da,Li Sisi,et al.Responses of growth and photosynthesis of Lycium barbarum L seedling to salt stress and alkalrstress[J].Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica,2017,37(12):2474-2482.
[19] 胡华冉,刘浩,邓纲,等.不同盐碱胁迫对大麻种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响[J].植物资源与环境学报,2015,24(4):61-68.Hu Huaran,Liu Hao,Deng Gang,et al.Effects of different salt-alkaline stresses on seed germination and seedling growth of Cannabis sativa[J].Journal of Plant Resources and Environment,2015,24(4):61-68.
[20] 任根增.不同高粱品种(系)对盐碱胁迫的响应[D].保定:河北农业大学,2015.Ren Genzeng.The mechanisms of response under salt-alkali stress about sorghum[D].Baoding:Agricultural University of Hebei,2015.
[21] 于洁,米福贵,李鸿雁,等.五份扁蓿豆种质材料种子萌发期耐盐性鉴定[J].中国草地学报,2014,36(5):71-75.Yu Jie,Mi Fugui,Li Hongyan,et al.Evaluation of salt resistance of five Medicago ruthenica accessions during seed germination[J].Chinese Journal of Grassland,2014,36(5):71-75.
[22] 郭媛,邱财生,龙松华,等.耐盐碱亚麻种质的筛选与综合评价[J].中国麻业科学,2015,37(6):285-290.Guo Yuan,Qiu Caisheng,Long Songhua,et al.Screening and comprehensive evaluation of salt-alkali tolerant flax germplasm[J].Plant Fiber Science in China,2015,37(6):285-290.
[23] 李琳,于崧,蒋永超,等.芸豆苗期耐盐碱性鉴定及品种筛选研究[J].植物生理学报,2016,52(1):62-72.Li Lin,Yu Song,Jiang Yongchao,et al.Identification and screening of different kidney bean cultivars for saline-alkaline tolerance during seedling stage[J].Plant Physiology Journal,2016,52(1):62-72.
[24] 张丽娟,刘海学,于秀英,等.不同品种羊草耐盐性模糊综合评价[J].哲里木畜牧学院学报,2000(1):1-5.Zhang Lijuan,Liu Haixue,Yu Xiuying,et al.Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation of salt endurance on Aneurolepidium chinese of different varieties[J].Journal of Zhelimu Animal Husbandry College,2000(1):1-5.
[2] 周婵,杨允菲.松嫩平原两种趋异类型羊草实验种群对盐碱胁迫的水分响应[J].草业学报,2003,12(1):65-68.Zhou Chan,Yang Yunfei.Water characteristics on salt-alkali resistance of two divergent tapes in experimental Leymus chinensis populations in the Songnen plain of China[J].Acta Prataculturae Sinica,2003,12(1):65-68.
[3] Zhou Chan,Yang Ying.Physiological response to salt-alkali stress in experimental populations in two ecotypes of Leymus chinensis in the Songnen plains of China[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2003,14(11):1842.
[4] 姜述君.羊草(Aneurolepidium chinense (Trin) Kitag)耐盐碱生理生态特性研究[D].哈尔滨:东北农业大学,2002.Jiang Shujun.The study on salt-alkali resistance physiological ecology character of Aneurolepidium chinense(Trin)Kitag[D].Haerbin:Northeast Agricultural University,2002.
[5] 侯建华,云锦凤,张东晖.羊草与灰色赖草及其杂交种的耐盐生理特性比较[J].草业学报,2005,14(1):73-77.Hou Jianhua,Yun Jinfeng,Zhang Donghui.Studies on physiological indices of salt resistance among Leymus chinensis and Leymus cinereus with their hybrid[J].Acta Prataculturae Sinica,2005,14(1):73-77.
[6] Li Jikai,Cui Guowen,Hu Guofu,et al.Proteome dynamics and physiological responses to short-term salt stress in Leymus chinensis leaves[J].Plos One,2017,12(8):e0183615.
[7] 杨智明,杜广明,吕世海,等.早春不同盐碱生境羊草根茎克隆特性变化研究[J].中国草地学报,2010,32(3):16-20.Yang Zhiming,Du Guangming,Lv Shihai,et al.Study on the change of clonal characteristics of Leymus chinensis on different salt alkali soil during early spring[J].Chinese Journal of Grassland,2010,32(3):16-20.
[8] 王鑫,朱悦,刘滨硕,等.盐碱胁迫下羊草抗氧化酶活性的变化[J].江苏农业科学,2015,43(5):209-211.Wang Xin,Zhu Yue,Liu Binshuo,et al.Changes in the activity of antioxidant enzymes under the stress of saline-alkali stress[J].Jiangsu Agricultural Science,2015,43(5):209-211.
[9] 刘滨硕,康春莉,李忠民,等.不同盐碱梯度生境下羊草根茎生长的研究[J].东北师大学报(自然科学版),2013,45(3):110-114.Liu Binshuo,Kang Chunli,Li Zhongmin,et al.The effects of different alkalrsaline stress on the growth of rhizome of Leymus chinensis[J].Journal of Northeast Normal University(Natural Science Edition),2013,45(3):110-114.
[10] 杨劼.羊草种质资源描述规范和数据标准[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2010:45-47.Yang Jie.Criteria and data standards for description of germplasm resources of Leymus chinensis[M].Beijing:China Agricultural Press,2010:45-47.
[11] 戴海芳,武辉,阿曼古丽·买买提阿力,等.不同基因型棉花苗期耐盐性分析及其鉴定指标筛选[J].中国农业科学,2014,47(7):1290-1300.Dai Haifang,Wu Hui,Amanguli·Maimaitiali,et al.Analysis of salt-tolerance and determination of salt-tolerant evaluation indicators in cotton seedlings of different genotypes[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2014,47(7):1290-1300.
[12] 李春喜,王志和,王文林.生物统计[M].北京:科学出版社,2000:241-245.Li Chunxi,Wang Zhihe,Wang Wenlin.Biostatistics[M].Beijing:Science Press,2000:241-245.
[13] 吴殿廷,吴迪.用主成分分析法作多指标综合评价应该注意的问题[J].数学的实践与认识,2015,45(20):143-150.Wu Dianting,Wu Di.Some problems in comprehensive evaluation of the principal component analysis[J].Mathematics in Practice and Theory,2015,45(20):143-150.
[14] 王佺珍,刘倩,高娅妮,等.植物对盐碱胁迫的响应机制研究进展[J].生态学报,2017,37(16):5565-5577.Wang Quanzhen,Liu Qian,Gao Yani,et al.Review on the mechanisms of the response to salinity-alkalinity stress in plants[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2017,37(16):5565-5577.
[15] 么婷婷.短期盐碱与干旱胁迫对羊草幼苗生长的影响[D].长春:东北师范大学,2012.Yao Tingting.Effects of chart-term saline-alkaline and drought stress on growth of Leymus chinensis seedling[D].Changchun:Northeast Normal University,2012.
[16] 李学孚,倪智敏,吴月燕,等.盐胁迫对‘郸红’葡萄光合特性及叶片细胞结构的影响[J].生态学报,2015,35(13):4436-4444.Li Xuefu,Ni Zhimin,Wu Yueyan,et al.Effects of salt stress on photosynthetic characteristics and leaf cell structure of ‘Yinhong’ grape seedlings[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2015,35(13):4436-4444.
[17] 王波,宋凤斌.燕麦对盐碱胁迫的反应和适应性[J].生态环境,2006,15(3):625-629.Wang Bo,Song Fengbin.Physiological responses and adaptive capacity of oats to saline-alkali stress[J].Ecology and Environment,2006,15(3):625-629.
[18] 张潭,唐达,李思思,等.盐碱胁迫对枸杞幼苗生物量积累和光合作用的影响[J].西北植物学报,2017,37(12):2474-2482.Zhang Tan,Tang Da,Li Sisi,et al.Responses of growth and photosynthesis of Lycium barbarum L seedling to salt stress and alkalrstress[J].Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica,2017,37(12):2474-2482.
[19] 胡华冉,刘浩,邓纲,等.不同盐碱胁迫对大麻种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响[J].植物资源与环境学报,2015,24(4):61-68.Hu Huaran,Liu Hao,Deng Gang,et al.Effects of different salt-alkaline stresses on seed germination and seedling growth of Cannabis sativa[J].Journal of Plant Resources and Environment,2015,24(4):61-68.
[20] 任根增.不同高粱品种(系)对盐碱胁迫的响应[D].保定:河北农业大学,2015.Ren Genzeng.The mechanisms of response under salt-alkali stress about sorghum[D].Baoding:Agricultural University of Hebei,2015.
[21] 于洁,米福贵,李鸿雁,等.五份扁蓿豆种质材料种子萌发期耐盐性鉴定[J].中国草地学报,2014,36(5):71-75.Yu Jie,Mi Fugui,Li Hongyan,et al.Evaluation of salt resistance of five Medicago ruthenica accessions during seed germination[J].Chinese Journal of Grassland,2014,36(5):71-75.
[22] 郭媛,邱财生,龙松华,等.耐盐碱亚麻种质的筛选与综合评价[J].中国麻业科学,2015,37(6):285-290.Guo Yuan,Qiu Caisheng,Long Songhua,et al.Screening and comprehensive evaluation of salt-alkali tolerant flax germplasm[J].Plant Fiber Science in China,2015,37(6):285-290.
[23] 李琳,于崧,蒋永超,等.芸豆苗期耐盐碱性鉴定及品种筛选研究[J].植物生理学报,2016,52(1):62-72.Li Lin,Yu Song,Jiang Yongchao,et al.Identification and screening of different kidney bean cultivars for saline-alkaline tolerance during seedling stage[J].Plant Physiology Journal,2016,52(1):62-72.
[24] 张丽娟,刘海学,于秀英,等.不同品种羊草耐盐性模糊综合评价[J].哲里木畜牧学院学报,2000(1):1-5.Zhang Lijuan,Liu Haixue,Yu Xiuying,et al.Fuzzy comprehensive evaluation of salt endurance on Aneurolepidium chinese of different varieties[J].Journal of Zhelimu Animal Husbandry College,2000(1):1-5.