天津常见有害蚜蚧的识别特征
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摘要
对采集到的常见蚜、蚧昆虫标本进行识别特征观察。结果表明:蚜虫各科间可根据触角上的感觉圈个数及形状、尾片的形状、腹管形状及有无网纹、体表突起物等特征进行比较。蚧虫各科可从腹部末端特征、体表有无气门、是否形成蚧壳等方面进行比较。不同科属的蚜、蚧可能在不同植物体表的危害特点相似或在同种植物的同一部位同时为害;同一种昆虫在同一性别中有有翅型和无翅型的区别,不同性别间有性二型;不同龄期的蚜蚧若虫有形态差异。
The identifying characteristics of common aphid and kuwana collected from Tianjin were observed. The results showed that aphids of different families can be identified according to the number and shape of the antenna sensing ring, the shape of the tail piece, the shape of ventral tube and whether there was overlapping curve and surface protrusions. Scale insects of different families can be identified according to the character of the abdomen end, whether there were body surface valves, or whether there was shell come into being. Aphids and scale insects of different families and genera may cause similar damage in different plant surface or cause damage simultaneously at the same place of the same plant. Differences like the wing type and wingless type existed among the same kind of insects of the same gender. There were gender two types between different genders. Nymphae of aphids and scale insects would change appearance in different growth stages.
The identifying characteristics of common aphid and kuwana collected from Tianjin were observed. The results showed that aphids of different families can be identified according to the number and shape of the antenna sensing ring, the shape of the tail piece, the shape of ventral tube and whether there was overlapping curve and surface protrusions. Scale insects of different families can be identified according to the character of the abdomen end, whether there were body surface valves, or whether there was shell come into being. Aphids and scale insects of different families and genera may cause similar damage in different plant surface or cause damage simultaneously at the same place of the same plant. Differences like the wing type and wingless type existed among the same kind of insects of the same gender. There were gender two types between different genders. Nymphae of aphids and scale insects would change appearance in different growth stages.
引文
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[6]范巧兰,张丽萍,刘珍,等.5%啶虫脒微乳剂防治棉花蚜虫田间药效试验[J].山西农业科学,2013(1):89-91.
[7]高玉娟,刘秀会,王海鹏,等.苹果绵蚜的发生规律及防治技术[J].天津农林科技,2010(4):16-17.
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[2]武宇鹏,李友莲.蚜虫防治技术与研究应用新进展[J].山西农业科学,2003(2):64-68.
[3]姜立云,乔格侠,张广学,等.东北农业蚜虫志[M].北京:科学出版社,2011:350-602.
[4]马吉宏,吕昭智,夏德萍,等.干旱区田间高温与棉蚜种群动态的关系初探[J].新疆农业科学,2011,48(2):340-343.
[5]宫亚军,石宝才,路虹,等.温度对3种蚜虫生长发育及繁殖的影响[J].华北农学报,2006(5):96-98.
[6]范巧兰,张丽萍,刘珍,等.5%啶虫脒微乳剂防治棉花蚜虫田间药效试验[J].山西农业科学,2013(1):89-91.
[7]高玉娟,刘秀会,王海鹏,等.苹果绵蚜的发生规律及防治技术[J].天津农林科技,2010(4):16-17.
[8]黄晓磊,乔格侠.蚜虫类昆虫生物学特性及蚜虫学研究现状(1)[J].生物学通报,2005,40(11):20.
[9]李成德.森林昆虫学[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2004:36-215.
[10]李照会.农业昆虫鉴定[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2004:54-101.
[11]章士美.昆虫的生殖方式[J].江西植保,2000,23(1):33,19.
[12]章士美,桂爱礼.昆虫的生殖方式[J].江西植保,1994,17(3):32,26.