测控技术在物料清选中的应用现状浅析
|
摘要
农业物料清选是农业生产过程中的重要环节,清选效率及质量(或品质)与最终生产目的有着直接关系。现代测控技术具有智能化、数字化、网络化等特点,在农业物料清选的喂入量、损失量等监测方面具有广泛应用。首先对现代测控技术的发展概况进行介绍,然后从粮食清选、种子清选、饲料清选三个方面对农业物料清选的发展概况以及从清选喂入量监测、清选损失量监测两个方面对测控技术在农业物料清选中的应用现状分别进行综述,并简要阐述现代测控技术未来在农业物料清选及谷物联合收获装备中的应用发展趋势。
Agricultural material's cleaning is an essential part of the agricultural production process. The efficiency and quality of cleaning are directly related to the final production purpose. Modern measurement and control technology has the characteristics of intelligence, digitization and networking, and has wide application in monitoring the feeding amount and loss of agricultural material cleaning. This paper first introduces the development of modern monitoring and control technology, and then reviewed respectively the development of agricultural material cleaning from the three aspects of grain cleaning, seed cleaning, and feed cleaning. And the application status of monitoring and control technology in agricultural material clearing from the aspects of clearing feed quantity monitoring and clearing loss monitoring. And briefly explain the future development trend of modern measurement and control technology in agricultural material cleaning and grain combined harvesting equipment.
Agricultural material's cleaning is an essential part of the agricultural production process. The efficiency and quality of cleaning are directly related to the final production purpose. Modern measurement and control technology has the characteristics of intelligence, digitization and networking, and has wide application in monitoring the feeding amount and loss of agricultural material cleaning. This paper first introduces the development of modern monitoring and control technology, and then reviewed respectively the development of agricultural material cleaning from the three aspects of grain cleaning, seed cleaning, and feed cleaning. And the application status of monitoring and control technology in agricultural material clearing from the aspects of clearing feed quantity monitoring and clearing loss monitoring. And briefly explain the future development trend of modern measurement and control technology in agricultural material cleaning and grain combined harvesting equipment.
引文
[1]宁新杰,金诚谦,印祥,等.谷物联合收割机风筛式清选装置研究现状与发展趋势[J].中国农机化学报,2018,39(9):5-10.Ning Xinjie,Jin Chengqian,Yin Xiang,et al.Research status and development trend of air-and-screen cleaning device for cereal combine harvesters[J].Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization,2018,39(9):5-10.
[2]张金霞.清选机杂草籽清除率合理性测评探究[J].农机质量与监督,2001(5):28.
[3]贾琼,曲玮,贾莉.我国种子加工机械化技术应用与推广[J].中国农机化,2012(4):40-42.Jia Qiong,Qu Wei,Jia Li.China's seed processing technology and promotion of mechanization[J].Chinese Agricultural Mechanization,2012(4):40-42.
[4]丁翠环,李孟学.现代测控技术的发展及应用研究[J].中国高新技术企业,2016(29):60-61.
[5]Maertens K,Ramon H,Baerdemaeker J D.An on-the-go monitoring algorithm for separation processes in combine harvesters[J].Computers and Electronics in Agriculture,2004,43(3):197-207.
[6]Chang P L,Wu C C,Leu H J.Using patent analyses to monitor the technological trends in an emerging field of technology:a case of carbon nanotube field emission display[J].Scientometrics,2009,82(1):5-19.
[7]李小凡,李慧媛.粮库粮情全数字无线测控系统设计与实现[J].中国农机化学报,2015,36(6):221-224,229.Li Xiaofan,Li Huiyuan.Design and implementation of fulldigital wireless monitoring system for grain situation[J].Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization,2015,36(6):221-224,229.
[8]王菲,钱稷,王霖,等.果园产地地窖贮藏室智能测控系统设计[J].中国农机化学报,2015,36(5):138-141.Wang Fei,Qian Ji,Wang Lin,et al.Design of intelligent measuring and controlling system in fruit orchard cellar storage room[J].Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization,2015,36(5):138-141.
[9]陈晓燕,庞涛,何通.基于ZigBee的温湿度测控系统设计[J].中国农机化,2012(2):148-150.Chen Xiaoyan,Pang Tao,He Tong.Design of temperature and humidity measurement and control system based on ZigBee[J].Chinese Agricultural Mechanization,2012(2):148-150.
[10]Hubert J,Mu''nzbergováZ,KucˇerováZ,et al.Comparison of communities of stored product mites in grain mass and grain residues in the Czech Republic[J].Experimental&Applied Acarology,2006,39(2):149.
[11]Simmons R W,Pongsakul P,Saiyasitpanich D,et al.Elevated levels of cadmium and zinc in paddy soils and elevated levels of cadmium in rice grain downstream of a zinc mineralized area in Thailand:implications for public health[J].Environmental Geochemistry and Health,2005,27(5-6):501-511.
[12]Whelan B M,McBratney A B.An approach to deconvoluting grain-flow within a conventional combine harvester using aparametric transfer function[J].Precision Agriculture,2000,2(4):389-398.
[13]Mohapatra D,Bal S.Optimization of polishing conditions for long grain basmati rice in a laboratory abrasive mill[J].Food and Bioprocess Technology,2010,3(3):466-472.
[14]Goyal R K,Vishwakarma R K,Wanjari O D.Effect of moisture content on pitting and milling efficiency of pigeon pea grain[J].Food and Bioprocess Technology,2010,3(1):146.
[15]Jokiniemi H T,Ahokas J M.Drying process optimisation in a mixed-flow batch grain dryer[J].Biosystems Engineering,2014,121:209-220.
[16]Sepaskhah A R,Ghasemi M M.Every-other-furrow irrigation with different irrigation intervals for grain sorghum[J].Pak.J.Biol.Sci,2008,11:1234-1239.
[17]张晓博.微型谷物联合收割机清选系统的试验研究[D].洛阳:河南科技大学,2015.Zhang Xiaobo.Experiment study on the cleaning system of micro portable grain combine harvester[D].Luoyang:Henan University of Science and Technology,2015.
[18]王木君,王登齐,王祎刚.种子清选加工的必要性及机械的使用[J].中国种业,2012(7):31-33.
[19]刘海生.种子清选加工原理与主要设备工作原理[J].现代农业科技,2008(15):259,261.
[20]国家质量监督检验检疫总局.清选机、播种机安全性问题较为突出[J].农机质量与监督,2003(2):19.
[21]杨静,张得俭,寇明杰.啤酒花清选机清选原理与试验[J].中国农机化学报,2016,37(3):53-57.Yang Jing,Zhang Dejian,Kou Mingjie.Separation principle and test of the hops separating machine[J].Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization,2016,37(3):53-57.
[22]李心平,丁慧玲,张伏,等.喂入量智能测控系统的性能试验[J].中国农机化学报,2013(2):81-83,90.Li Xinping,Ding Huiling,Zhang Fu,et al.Performance test on intellective measuring and controlling system of feeding quantity[J].Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization,2013(2):81-83,90.
[23]马好东.基于虚拟仪器的种子清选机性能测试系统的研究与开发[D].北京:中国农业大学,2002.Ma Haodong.Study and development on performance testing system of seed cleaner with the application of virtual instrument[D].Beijing:China Agricultural University,2002.
[24]赵丁超.种子清选机喂入量动态检测与控制系统研究[D].洛阳:河南科技大学,2011.Zhao Dingchao.Study on dynamic test and control system of seed separator's feed quantity[D].Luoyang:Henan University of Science and Technology,2011.
[25]周贤龙.谷物联合收获机清选损失监测系统研究[D].咸阳:西北农林科技大学,2010.Zhou Xianlong.Study on the monitoring system for cleaning loss of the grain combine harvester[D].Xianyang:Northwest A&F University,2010.
[26]毛罕平,刘伟,韩绿化,等.对称传感结构的谷物清选损失监测装置研制[J].农业工程学报,2012(7):34-39.Mao Hanping,Liu Wei,Han Lvhua,et al.Design of intelligent grain cleaning losses monitor based on symmetry sensors[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2012(7):34-39.
[27]李耀明,梁振伟,赵湛.籽粒损失监测传感器敏感板振动特性与试验[J].农业机械学报,2013(10):104-111.Li Yaoming,Liang Zhenwei,Zhao Zhan.Experiment and vibration characteristics of sensitive plate on grain loss monitoring sensor[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2013(10):104-111.
[28]李耀明,陈义,赵湛,等.联合收获机清选损失监测方法与装置[J].农业机械学报,2013(S2):7-11.Li Yaoming,Chen Yi,Zhao Zhan,et al.Monitoring method and device for cleaning loss of combine harvester[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2013(S2):7-11.
[29]高建民,张刚,喻露,等.联合收割机清选损失传感器谷粒冲击信号的混沌检测[J].农业工程学报,2011(9):22-27.Gao Jianmin,Zhang Gang,Yu Lu,et al.Chaos detection of grain impact at combine cleaning loss sensor[J].Transactions of the CSAE,2011(9):22-27.
[30]王卓,车东,白晓平,等.玉米联合收获机清选损失监测装置设计与试验[J].农业机械学报,2018,49(12):100-108.Wang Zhuo,Che Dong,Bai Xiaoping,et al.Improvement and experiment of cleaning loss rate monitoring device for corn combine harvester[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2018,49(12):100-108.
[2]张金霞.清选机杂草籽清除率合理性测评探究[J].农机质量与监督,2001(5):28.
[3]贾琼,曲玮,贾莉.我国种子加工机械化技术应用与推广[J].中国农机化,2012(4):40-42.Jia Qiong,Qu Wei,Jia Li.China's seed processing technology and promotion of mechanization[J].Chinese Agricultural Mechanization,2012(4):40-42.
[4]丁翠环,李孟学.现代测控技术的发展及应用研究[J].中国高新技术企业,2016(29):60-61.
[5]Maertens K,Ramon H,Baerdemaeker J D.An on-the-go monitoring algorithm for separation processes in combine harvesters[J].Computers and Electronics in Agriculture,2004,43(3):197-207.
[6]Chang P L,Wu C C,Leu H J.Using patent analyses to monitor the technological trends in an emerging field of technology:a case of carbon nanotube field emission display[J].Scientometrics,2009,82(1):5-19.
[7]李小凡,李慧媛.粮库粮情全数字无线测控系统设计与实现[J].中国农机化学报,2015,36(6):221-224,229.Li Xiaofan,Li Huiyuan.Design and implementation of fulldigital wireless monitoring system for grain situation[J].Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization,2015,36(6):221-224,229.
[8]王菲,钱稷,王霖,等.果园产地地窖贮藏室智能测控系统设计[J].中国农机化学报,2015,36(5):138-141.Wang Fei,Qian Ji,Wang Lin,et al.Design of intelligent measuring and controlling system in fruit orchard cellar storage room[J].Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization,2015,36(5):138-141.
[9]陈晓燕,庞涛,何通.基于ZigBee的温湿度测控系统设计[J].中国农机化,2012(2):148-150.Chen Xiaoyan,Pang Tao,He Tong.Design of temperature and humidity measurement and control system based on ZigBee[J].Chinese Agricultural Mechanization,2012(2):148-150.
[10]Hubert J,Mu''nzbergováZ,KucˇerováZ,et al.Comparison of communities of stored product mites in grain mass and grain residues in the Czech Republic[J].Experimental&Applied Acarology,2006,39(2):149.
[11]Simmons R W,Pongsakul P,Saiyasitpanich D,et al.Elevated levels of cadmium and zinc in paddy soils and elevated levels of cadmium in rice grain downstream of a zinc mineralized area in Thailand:implications for public health[J].Environmental Geochemistry and Health,2005,27(5-6):501-511.
[12]Whelan B M,McBratney A B.An approach to deconvoluting grain-flow within a conventional combine harvester using aparametric transfer function[J].Precision Agriculture,2000,2(4):389-398.
[13]Mohapatra D,Bal S.Optimization of polishing conditions for long grain basmati rice in a laboratory abrasive mill[J].Food and Bioprocess Technology,2010,3(3):466-472.
[14]Goyal R K,Vishwakarma R K,Wanjari O D.Effect of moisture content on pitting and milling efficiency of pigeon pea grain[J].Food and Bioprocess Technology,2010,3(1):146.
[15]Jokiniemi H T,Ahokas J M.Drying process optimisation in a mixed-flow batch grain dryer[J].Biosystems Engineering,2014,121:209-220.
[16]Sepaskhah A R,Ghasemi M M.Every-other-furrow irrigation with different irrigation intervals for grain sorghum[J].Pak.J.Biol.Sci,2008,11:1234-1239.
[17]张晓博.微型谷物联合收割机清选系统的试验研究[D].洛阳:河南科技大学,2015.Zhang Xiaobo.Experiment study on the cleaning system of micro portable grain combine harvester[D].Luoyang:Henan University of Science and Technology,2015.
[18]王木君,王登齐,王祎刚.种子清选加工的必要性及机械的使用[J].中国种业,2012(7):31-33.
[19]刘海生.种子清选加工原理与主要设备工作原理[J].现代农业科技,2008(15):259,261.
[20]国家质量监督检验检疫总局.清选机、播种机安全性问题较为突出[J].农机质量与监督,2003(2):19.
[21]杨静,张得俭,寇明杰.啤酒花清选机清选原理与试验[J].中国农机化学报,2016,37(3):53-57.Yang Jing,Zhang Dejian,Kou Mingjie.Separation principle and test of the hops separating machine[J].Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization,2016,37(3):53-57.
[22]李心平,丁慧玲,张伏,等.喂入量智能测控系统的性能试验[J].中国农机化学报,2013(2):81-83,90.Li Xinping,Ding Huiling,Zhang Fu,et al.Performance test on intellective measuring and controlling system of feeding quantity[J].Journal of Chinese Agricultural Mechanization,2013(2):81-83,90.
[23]马好东.基于虚拟仪器的种子清选机性能测试系统的研究与开发[D].北京:中国农业大学,2002.Ma Haodong.Study and development on performance testing system of seed cleaner with the application of virtual instrument[D].Beijing:China Agricultural University,2002.
[24]赵丁超.种子清选机喂入量动态检测与控制系统研究[D].洛阳:河南科技大学,2011.Zhao Dingchao.Study on dynamic test and control system of seed separator's feed quantity[D].Luoyang:Henan University of Science and Technology,2011.
[25]周贤龙.谷物联合收获机清选损失监测系统研究[D].咸阳:西北农林科技大学,2010.Zhou Xianlong.Study on the monitoring system for cleaning loss of the grain combine harvester[D].Xianyang:Northwest A&F University,2010.
[26]毛罕平,刘伟,韩绿化,等.对称传感结构的谷物清选损失监测装置研制[J].农业工程学报,2012(7):34-39.Mao Hanping,Liu Wei,Han Lvhua,et al.Design of intelligent grain cleaning losses monitor based on symmetry sensors[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2012(7):34-39.
[27]李耀明,梁振伟,赵湛.籽粒损失监测传感器敏感板振动特性与试验[J].农业机械学报,2013(10):104-111.Li Yaoming,Liang Zhenwei,Zhao Zhan.Experiment and vibration characteristics of sensitive plate on grain loss monitoring sensor[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2013(10):104-111.
[28]李耀明,陈义,赵湛,等.联合收获机清选损失监测方法与装置[J].农业机械学报,2013(S2):7-11.Li Yaoming,Chen Yi,Zhao Zhan,et al.Monitoring method and device for cleaning loss of combine harvester[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2013(S2):7-11.
[29]高建民,张刚,喻露,等.联合收割机清选损失传感器谷粒冲击信号的混沌检测[J].农业工程学报,2011(9):22-27.Gao Jianmin,Zhang Gang,Yu Lu,et al.Chaos detection of grain impact at combine cleaning loss sensor[J].Transactions of the CSAE,2011(9):22-27.
[30]王卓,车东,白晓平,等.玉米联合收获机清选损失监测装置设计与试验[J].农业机械学报,2018,49(12):100-108.Wang Zhuo,Che Dong,Bai Xiaoping,et al.Improvement and experiment of cleaning loss rate monitoring device for corn combine harvester[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2018,49(12):100-108.