降雨因子对黄土丘陵沟壑区不同植被毯措施径流小区产流产沙量的影响
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摘要
研究降雨量、降雨强度、降雨历时等降雨因子对黄土丘陵沟壑区不同植被毯措施径流小区产流产沙的影响,为该区水土流失防治、水土保持规划、生态建设等提供参考。结果表明:降雨量与各植被毯措施的产流产沙的相关性较差;降雨历时与各植被毯措施的产流量相关性较好(P <0. 05),降雨历时与各植被毯措施的产流量相关性较差;降雨强度与各植被毯措施的产流产沙相关性显著(P <0. 01)。本研究结果表明在黄土丘陵沟壑区降雨强度是影响各植被毯措施产流产沙的主要因素。
The effects of rainfall factors,such as rainfall amount,intensity and duration,on runoff yield and sediment yield of runoff plots with different vegetation carpet measures in loess hilly and gully region have been studied,which can provide references for soil erosion control,soil and water conservation planning and ecological construction in the region. The results show that the correlation between rainfall and runoff and sediment yield of vegetation carpet measures is poor; the correlation between rainfall duration and runoff yield of vegetation carpet measures is good( P < 0. 05),while the correlation between rainfall duration and runoff yield of vegetation carpet measures is poor; the correlation between rainfall intensity and runoff and sediment yield of vegetation carpet measures is significant( P < 0. 01). Rainfall intensity is the main factor affecting runoff and sediment yield of vegetation carpet measures in loess hilly and gully region.
The effects of rainfall factors,such as rainfall amount,intensity and duration,on runoff yield and sediment yield of runoff plots with different vegetation carpet measures in loess hilly and gully region have been studied,which can provide references for soil erosion control,soil and water conservation planning and ecological construction in the region. The results show that the correlation between rainfall and runoff and sediment yield of vegetation carpet measures is poor; the correlation between rainfall duration and runoff yield of vegetation carpet measures is good( P < 0. 05),while the correlation between rainfall duration and runoff yield of vegetation carpet measures is poor; the correlation between rainfall intensity and runoff and sediment yield of vegetation carpet measures is significant( P < 0. 01). Rainfall intensity is the main factor affecting runoff and sediment yield of vegetation carpet measures in loess hilly and gully region.
引文
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[20]杨阳.呼和浩特市清水河县银贡山公园观叶树木引种适应性评价[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2017.
[21]陈建纲.混播草地播种量的计算方法[J].农村养殖技术,2004,(17):34.
[22]路炳军,袁爱萍,章文波.径流小区集流桶(池)泥沙含量快速测定方法探讨[J].水土保持通报,2009,29(2):15-17.
[23]景可,王万忠,郑粉.中国土壤侵蚀与环境[M].北京:科学出版社,2005. 55-58.
[24]葛金金,杨加智,詹美礼,等.坡度与降雨强度对坡面侵蚀产沙过程影响的试验研究[J].水电能源科学,2015,33(2):101-104.
[2]刘国彬,上官周平,姚文艺,等.黄土高原生态工程的生态成效[J].中国科学院院刊,2017,32(1):11-19.
[3] Chen L D,Wang J,Fu B J,et al. Land-use change in a small catchment of northern Loess Plateau,China[J]. Agriculture,Ecosystems and Environment,2001,86(2):163-172.
[4]贾志军,王小平,李俊义.晋西黄土高原降雨侵蚀力研究[J].中国水土保持,1991,(1):45-48,66.
[5]肖海,夏振尧,杨悦舒,等.三峡库区小流域产流产沙试验研究[J].水土保持通报,2014,34(4):260-263.
[6]张冠华,程冬兵,张平仓,等.紫鹊界梯田区坡面产流产沙特征的模拟试验研究[J].水土保持通报,2013,33(6):9-12.
[7]刘栋,刘普灵,邓瑞芬,等.不同下垫面径流小区次降雨侵蚀特征相关分析[J].水土保持通报,2011,31(2):99-102.
[8]刘宝元,刘瑛娜,张科利,等.中国水土保持措施分类[J].水土保持学报,2013,27(2):80-84.
[9]岳桓陛,杨建英,杨阳,等.不同降雨强度条件下植被毯护坡技术的产流特性[J].中国水土保持科学,2015,13(1):35-41.
[10]杨晓晖,王小平,秦永胜.生态垫在京北石质山区盘山公路边坡绿化工程中应用效果评价[J].水土保持研究,2006,(3):119-120,123.
[11]解学相,解世伟,牛似龙.柔性生态毯在莒县洛河治理工程中的应用[J].山东水利,2018,(10):51-52.
[12]骆汉,赵廷宁,彭贤锋,等.公路边坡绿化覆盖物水土保持效果试验研究[J].农业工程学报,2013,29(5):63-70.
[13]唐涛,郝明德,单凤霞.人工降雨条件下秸秆覆盖减少水土流失的效应研究[J].水土保持研究,2008,(1):9-11,40.
[14]王安,郝明德,王荚文.人工降雨条件下秸秆覆盖及留茬的水土保持效应[J].水土保持通报,2012,32(2):26-28,34.
[15]刘巧玲,孙守文,冯大千,等.不同覆盖物对城市绿地土壤保水效果的试验研究[J].新疆农业科学,2006,(5):436-438.
[16]顾小华,丁国栋,刘胜,等.一种新型的高速公路边坡生态防护技术[J].水土保持研究,2006,(1):106-107,180.
[17]赵方莹,逄红,祁有祥,等.城市河渠生态护坡技术效益对比———以北京市新开渠为例[J].中国水土保持科学,2006,(S1):67-70.
[18]马文宝,姬慧娟,宿以明,等.植被毯边坡防护特点及其研究应用[J].中国水土保持,2013,(1):30-33.
[19]周美超.清水河县公益林生态效益评价[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2018.
[20]杨阳.呼和浩特市清水河县银贡山公园观叶树木引种适应性评价[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古农业大学,2017.
[21]陈建纲.混播草地播种量的计算方法[J].农村养殖技术,2004,(17):34.
[22]路炳军,袁爱萍,章文波.径流小区集流桶(池)泥沙含量快速测定方法探讨[J].水土保持通报,2009,29(2):15-17.
[23]景可,王万忠,郑粉.中国土壤侵蚀与环境[M].北京:科学出版社,2005. 55-58.
[24]葛金金,杨加智,詹美礼,等.坡度与降雨强度对坡面侵蚀产沙过程影响的试验研究[J].水电能源科学,2015,33(2):101-104.