玉米作为地质封存CO_2泄漏耐受植物的评估
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摘要
二氧化碳的捕获与储存(CO2capture and storage,CCS)是全球CO_2减排最重要技术战略,其存在CO_2泄漏的风险,会对周围农田生态产生重要影响。深入认识植物对高浓度CO_2的响应并筛选对CO_2的耐受植物,为CCS项目区农业生产决策提供参考数据。本文设置玉米对不同CO_2浓度的响应情形,选择株高、鲜重、干重、净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度和胞间CO_2浓度作为玉米耐受的观测指标。结果表明,当CO_2浓度为10 000、20 000μmol/mol时,玉米株高增高7%～12%,生物量增加10%～15%,净光合速率增加高达60%左右;当CO_2浓度为40 000、80 000μmol/mol时,玉米株高度减少9%～12%,生物量减少10%～17%,净光合速率减少35%～45%左右。一定程度CO_2浓度的增加,对玉米生长发育具有"施肥"效应;在更高CO_2浓度下,会抑制其生长发育,并未出现植株死亡的现象。通过CO_2耐受指数法(LCTI)计算得出,玉米可以作为地质封存CO_2泄漏的耐受植物。
CCS(CO_2 capture and storage) is considered as the most potential technology for global CO_2 emission reduction. However, it involves the risk of CO_2 leakage, which will have an important impact on the surrounding farmland ecosystem. So deep researching of the response of plants to high CO_2 concentrations and selecting tolerant plants to CO_2, so as to provide the reference data for agricultural production decisions in CCS project areas. In this paper, the plant height, fresh and dry biomass, net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance and intercellular CO_2 concentration were selected as indicators of maize tolerant index for different CO_2 concentration.The results indicated that when the CO_2 concentration was 10 000 and 20 000 μmol/mol, the growth of maize in plant height, biomass, and net photosynthetic rate were promoted 7%-12%, 10%-15% and 60% respectively. while the CO_2 concentration was increased to 40 000 and 80 000 μmol/mol, the growth of maize in plant height, biomass,and net photosynthetic rate were inhibited 9%-12%, 10%-17% and 35%-45% respectively. The increase of CO_2 concentration within a certain range had a "fertilization" effect on the growth of maize, but at a higher CO_2 concentration, the growth of maize would be inhibited and thus no death phenomenon had been observed in maize. Furthermore, through CO_2 tolerance index method(LCTI), it was concluded that maize can be used as a tolerant plants for CO_2 leakage from geological storage.
CCS(CO_2 capture and storage) is considered as the most potential technology for global CO_2 emission reduction. However, it involves the risk of CO_2 leakage, which will have an important impact on the surrounding farmland ecosystem. So deep researching of the response of plants to high CO_2 concentrations and selecting tolerant plants to CO_2, so as to provide the reference data for agricultural production decisions in CCS project areas. In this paper, the plant height, fresh and dry biomass, net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance and intercellular CO_2 concentration were selected as indicators of maize tolerant index for different CO_2 concentration.The results indicated that when the CO_2 concentration was 10 000 and 20 000 μmol/mol, the growth of maize in plant height, biomass, and net photosynthetic rate were promoted 7%-12%, 10%-15% and 60% respectively. while the CO_2 concentration was increased to 40 000 and 80 000 μmol/mol, the growth of maize in plant height, biomass,and net photosynthetic rate were inhibited 9%-12%, 10%-17% and 35%-45% respectively. The increase of CO_2 concentration within a certain range had a "fertilization" effect on the growth of maize, but at a higher CO_2 concentration, the growth of maize would be inhibited and thus no death phenomenon had been observed in maize. Furthermore, through CO_2 tolerance index method(LCTI), it was concluded that maize can be used as a tolerant plants for CO_2 leakage from geological storage.
引文
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[4]Christensen J M.Carbon dioxide capture and storage[J].Environmental policy collection,2007,33(4):303-30.
[5]王亮方,刘辉煌.国外CCS技术发展与产业化的研究综述[J].系统工程,2013(8):81-86.Wang L F,Liu H H.Reviewing foreign scholars’research on carbon capture and storage(CCS)technology development and industrialization[J].Systems Engineering,2013(8):81-86.(in Chinese)
[6]李琦,刘桂臻,张建,等.二氧化碳地质封存环境监测现状及建议[J].地球科学进展,2013,28(6):718-727.Li Q,Liu G Z,Zhang J,et al.Status and suggestion of environmental monitoring for CO2geological storage[J].Advances in Earth Science,2013,28(6):718-727.(in Chinese)
[7]刘兰翠,曹东,王金南.碳捕获与封存技术潜在的环境影响及对策建议[J].气候变化研究进展,2010,6(4):290-296.Liu L C,Cao D,Wang J N.Environmental impacts of carbon capture and storage technology and some suggestions[J].Advances in Climate Change Research,2010,6(4):290-296.(in Chinese)
[8]吴江莉,马俊杰.浅议CO2地质封存的潜在风险[J].环境科学导刊,2012,1(6):89-93.Wu J L,Ma J J.A discussion about potential risks of geological storage of CO2[J].Environmental Science Survey,2012,1(6):89-93.(in Chinese)
[9]Sharkey T D.Photosynthesis in intact leaves of C3plants:Physics,physiology and rate limitations[J].Botanical Review,1985,51(1):53-105.
[10]Mortensen L M.Review:CO2enrichment in greenhouses.Crop responses[J].Scientia Horticulturae,1987,33(1):1-25.
[11]Rogers H H,Peterson C M,Mccrimmon J N,et al.Response of plant roots to elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide[J].Plant Cell&Environment,2010,15(6):749-752.
[12]Stenhouse M,Arthur R,Wei Z.Assessing environmental impacts from geological CO2storage[J].Energy Procedia,2009,1(1):1895-1902.
[13]蔡博峰.国际典型二氧化碳地质封存及其环境监测[J].世界环境,2012(3):48-51.Cai B F.Typical CO2geological storage and the environment monitoring[J].World Environment,2012(3):48-51.(in Chinese)
[14]蔡博峰,格雷格·利蒙,刘兰翠.二氧化碳地质封存和环境监测[M].化学工业出版社,2013.
[15]Beaubien S E,Ciotoli G,Coombs P,et al.The impact of a naturally occurring CO2gas vent on the shallow ecosystem and soil chemistry of a Mediterranean pasture(Latera,Italy)[J].International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control,2008,2(3):373-387.
[16]Krüger M,Jones D,Frerichs J,et al.Effects of elevated CO2concentrations on the vegetation and microbial populations at a terrestrial CO2vent at Laacher See,Germany[J].International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control,2009,5(4):1093-1098.
[17]Amonette J E,Barr J L,Dobeck L M,et al.Spatiotemporal changes in CO2emissions during the second ZERT injection,August-September 2008[J].Environmental Earth Sciences,2010,60(2):263-272.
[18]吴江莉.高浓度CO2对C3作物生长发育的影响研究[D].西北大学,2013.
[19]田地.地质封存CO2泄漏对农田作物及其土壤环境的影响研究[D].安徽师范大学,2013.
[20]王蓉.地质储存二氧化碳泄漏对地表典型植物的影响[D].长安大学,2015.
[21]邓红章,张慧慧,李春荣,等.人工模拟地质封存CO2泄漏对土壤酶活性的影响[J].应用化工,2017,46(1):4-9.Deng H Z,Zhang H H,Li C R,et al.Effect of artificial simulation for sealed CO2leakage on soil enzyme activities[J].Applied Chemical Industry,2017,46(1):4-9.(in Chinese)
[22]Ziogou F,Gemeni V,Koukouzas N,et al.Potential environmental impacts of CO2leakage from the study of natural analogue sites in Europe[J].Energy Procedia,2013,37:3521-3528.
[23]马欣,张雪艳,田地,等.大刍草作为地质封存CO2泄漏指示植物的评估[J].农业工程学报,2017,33(18):224-229.Ma X,Zhang X Y,Tian D,et al.Assessment on Zea diploperennis L.as bio-indicator of CO2leakage from geological storage[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2017,33(18):224-229.(in Chinese)
[24]Cure J D,Acock B.Crop response to carbon dioxide doubling:a literature survey[R].Agriculture&Forest Meteorology,1986,38(1):127-145.
[25]Kimball B A,Mauney J R,Nakayama F S,et al.Effects of increasing atmospheric CO2on vegetation[M].CO2and biosphere,1993.
[26]Rogers H H,Runion G B,Prior S A,et al.8-Response of plants to elevated atmospheric CO2:root growth,mineral nutrition,and soil carbon[J].Carbon Dioxide&Environmental Stress,1999,75(4):215-244.
[27]Bowes G.Facing the inevitable:Plants and increasing atmospheric CO2[J].Annu.rev.plant Physiol.plant Mol.biol.2003,449(1):309-332.
[28]Delucia E H,Sasek T W,Strain B R.Photosynthetic inhibition after long-term exposure to elevated levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide[J].Photosynthesis Research,1985,7(2):175-184.
[29]Yelle S,Beeson J R C,Trudel M J,et al.Acclimation of two tomato species to high atmospheric CO2[J].Plant Physiology,1989,90:1473-1477.
[30]Peet M M.Acclimation to high CO2in monoecious cucumbers:I.Vegetative and Reproductive Growth[J].Plant Physiology,1986,80(1):59-62.
[31]王春乙,潘亚茹,白月明,等.CO2浓度倍增对中国主要作物影响的试验研究[J].气象学报,1997,55(1):86-94.Wang C Y,Pan Y R,Bai Y M,et al.The experiment study of effects doubled CO2concentration on several main crops in China[J].Acta Meteorological Sinica,1997,55(1):86-94.(in Chinese)
[32]王春乙,高素华,潘亚茹,等.模拟大气中CO2浓度对大豆影响的试验[J].生态学报,1995,15(2):148-154.Wang C Y,Gao S H,Pan Y R,et al.Experiment with influence of CO2concentration in simulated atmosphere on soybean[J].Acta Ecological Sinica,1995,15(2):148-154.(in Chinese)
[33]郭建平,高素华,白月明,等.CO2浓度倍增对大豆影响的试验研究[J].大气科学,1996,20(2):243-249.Guo J P,Gao S H,Bai Y M,et al.An experiment of the impact of CO2concentration doubling on soybean growth[J].Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences,1996,20(2):243-249.(in Chinese)
[34]白月明,王春乙,温民.不同CO2浓度处理对冬小麦的影响[J].气象,1996,22(2):7-11.Bai Y M,Wang C Y,Wen M,et al.Impacts of different CO2concentration treatment on white wheat[J].Meteorological Monthly,1996,22(2):7-11.(in Chinese)
[35]杨松涛,胡玉熹.CO2浓度倍增对10种禾本科植物叶片形态结构的影响[J].植物学报,1997,39(9):859-866.Yang S T,Hu Y X.Effect of CO2concentration doubling on the leaf morphology and structure of 10 species in gramineae[J].Acta Botanica Sinica,1997,39(9):859-866.(in Chinese)
[36]Sharkey T D.Photosynthesis in intact leaves of C3plants:physics,physiology and rate limitations[J].Botanical Review,1985,51(1):53-105.
[37]Wong S.Elevated atmospheric partial pressure of CO2and plant growth[J].Oecologia,1990,23(2):171-180.
[38]Zhang X,Xin M,Zhi Z,et al.CO2leakage-induced vegetation decline is primarily driven by decreased soil O2[J].Journal of Environmental Management,2016,171:225-230.
[39]孙周平,李天来,范文丽.根际二氧化碳浓度对马铃薯植株生长的影响[J].应用生态学报,2005,16(11):2097-2101.Sun Z P,Li T L,Fan W L.Effects of rhizosphere CO2concentration on potato growth[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2005,16(11):2097-2101.(in Chinese)
[40]伍洋,马欣,李玉娥,等.地质封存CO2泄漏对农田生态系统的影响评估及耐受阈值[J].农业工程学报,2012,28(2):196-205.Wu Y,Ma X,Li Y E,et al.Impact assessment and tolerable threshold value of CO2leakage from geological storage on agro-ecosystem[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2012,28(2):196-205.(in Chinese)
[41]纪翔,马欣,韩耀杰,等.箱体模拟地质封存CO2泄漏速度差异对植物的影响[J].农业工程学报,2018,34(2):242-247.Ji X,Ma X,Han Y J,et al.Effect of different leakage speeds on plants in carbon capture and storage by simulation in chamber[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2018,34(2):242-247.(in Chinese)
[42]潘瑞炽.植物生理学(第5版)[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2015.
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