半细毛羊5种玉米的可消化粗蛋白质和有效能的测定及其预测
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摘要
本试验旨在采用概略养分分析法测定5种玉米的营养成分含量以及通过消化代谢试验实测玉米的可消化粗蛋白质含量和有效能值,并利用先采集的4种玉米(奥美特、杰尼336、巨丰66、京科665)数据拟合可消化粗蛋白质、消化能和代谢能分别与营养成分之间的回归方程,然后利用第5种玉米(禾育九)可消化粗蛋白质和有效能数据来对回归方程进行验证和修正。选取16只体重为(56.44±5.11)kg的云南半细毛羊,采用完全随机设计,平均分为4组,每组4只。试验共分2期进行,共6种日粮,分别是基础日粮和5种试验日粮,第1期饲喂4种日粮,第2期饲喂2种日粮。结果表明:京科665的可消化粗蛋白质(DCP)、消化能(DE)和代谢能(ME)含量最高,杰尼336的DCP、DE和ME含量最低;玉米的DE和ME分别与EE呈极显著负相关关系(P<0.01),相关系数分别为-0.985和-0.994;试验所得的预测方程为DCP(g/kg)=258.961-52.624EE(粗脂肪)、DE(MJ/kg)=40.506-6.876EE、DE(MJ/kg)=34.677-6.398EE+0.492CP(粗蛋白质)、DE(MJ/kg)=-115.182-6.572EE+0.473CP+1.525OM(有机物)、ME(MJ/kg)=-1.028+0.945DE、ME(MJ/kg)=2.950+0.916DE-1.060CF(粗纤维)和ME(MJ/kg)=37.586-6.586EE。综合DCP含量和有效能值,京科665的品质最佳,其次是巨丰66、奥美特和禾育九,杰尼336品质最差;以半细毛羊为试验对象得出,可以利用玉米的营养成分预测其DCP含量以及有效能值。
The purpose of this experiment was to determine nutrient contents of five kinds of corns by using the Feed Proximate Analysis, measure digestible crude protein contents and available energy values by digestion and metabolism experiments, and establish the regression equation between digestible crude protein, digestive energy and metabolic energy with nutrients by using data of the first four kinds of corns. And using data of digestible crude protein and available energy of the fifth corn measured was to verify and correct the regression equation. Sixteen Yunnan semi-fine-wool sheep weighing(56.44±5.11)kg were selected in the experiment and were randomly divided into 4 groups with 4 animals in each group. The experiment included two periods. There were six diets including one basal diet and five experimental diets. Four diets were fed in first period, and other two diets was fed in second period. The results showed that: Jingke 665 had the highest DCP content, which was 74.68 g/kg, and Jieni 336 had the lowest DCP content, which was 35.05 g/kg. The DE and ME of Jingke 665 were the highest, and the DE and ME of Jieni 336 were the lowest. There was a significant negative correlation between DE or ME and EE(P<0.01), and the correlation coefficients were 0.985 and 0.994, respectively. The prediction equations of this experiment were DCP(g/kg)=258.961-52.624 EE, DE(MJ/kg)=40.506-6.876 EE, DE(MJ/kg)=34.677-6.398EE+0.492 CP, DE(MJ/kg)=-115.182-6.572EE+0.473CP+1.525 OM, ME(MJ/kg)=-1.028+0.945 DE, ME(MJ/kg)=2.950+0.916DE-1.060 CF, and ME(MJ/kg)=37.586-6.586 EE. In conclusion, in terms of the quality of digestible crude protein contents and available energy values, Jingke665 has the best quality, followed by Jufeng 66, Aomeite, and Heyujiu, and Jieni 336 has the worst quality. The nutrients of corn can be used to predict digestible crude protein contents and available energy values in basis of regarding semi-fine-wool sheep as experimental animals.
The purpose of this experiment was to determine nutrient contents of five kinds of corns by using the Feed Proximate Analysis, measure digestible crude protein contents and available energy values by digestion and metabolism experiments, and establish the regression equation between digestible crude protein, digestive energy and metabolic energy with nutrients by using data of the first four kinds of corns. And using data of digestible crude protein and available energy of the fifth corn measured was to verify and correct the regression equation. Sixteen Yunnan semi-fine-wool sheep weighing(56.44±5.11)kg were selected in the experiment and were randomly divided into 4 groups with 4 animals in each group. The experiment included two periods. There were six diets including one basal diet and five experimental diets. Four diets were fed in first period, and other two diets was fed in second period. The results showed that: Jingke 665 had the highest DCP content, which was 74.68 g/kg, and Jieni 336 had the lowest DCP content, which was 35.05 g/kg. The DE and ME of Jingke 665 were the highest, and the DE and ME of Jieni 336 were the lowest. There was a significant negative correlation between DE or ME and EE(P<0.01), and the correlation coefficients were 0.985 and 0.994, respectively. The prediction equations of this experiment were DCP(g/kg)=258.961-52.624 EE, DE(MJ/kg)=40.506-6.876 EE, DE(MJ/kg)=34.677-6.398EE+0.492 CP, DE(MJ/kg)=-115.182-6.572EE+0.473CP+1.525 OM, ME(MJ/kg)=-1.028+0.945 DE, ME(MJ/kg)=2.950+0.916DE-1.060 CF, and ME(MJ/kg)=37.586-6.586 EE. In conclusion, in terms of the quality of digestible crude protein contents and available energy values, Jingke665 has the best quality, followed by Jufeng 66, Aomeite, and Heyujiu, and Jieni 336 has the worst quality. The nutrients of corn can be used to predict digestible crude protein contents and available energy values in basis of regarding semi-fine-wool sheep as experimental animals.
引文
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[8]李全丰.中国玉米猪有效营养成分预测方程的构建[D].北京:中国农业大学,2014.
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[10]赵江波,魏时来,马涛,等.套算法用于估测肉用羊单一谷物饲料代谢能值及养分消化率的探索[J].畜牧兽医学报,2016,47(7):1405-1413.
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[13]Pelchan A,Peters K J.Methane emissions from sheep[J].Small Rumin Res,1998,27(2):137-150.
[14]刘德稳.生长猪常用七种饲料原料净能预测方程[D].北京:中国农业大学,2014.
[15]Adeola O,Lewis A J,Lee Southen L.Swine nutrition[M].2nd ed.Washington D C:CRC Press,2001:906.
[16]Abate A L,Mayer M.Prediction of the useful energy in tropical feeds from proximate composition and in vivo derived energetic contents 1.Metabolisable energy[J].Small Rumin Res,1997,25(1):51-59.
[17]赵明明,马涛,马俊南,等.肉用绵羊常用粗饲料有效能值的预测与方程的建立[J].动物营养学报,2016,28(8):2385-2395.
[18]王菲.肉牛饲料有效能值预测模型的建立与评价[D].北京:中国农业大学,2016.
[19]刘洁,刁其玉,赵一广,等.肉用绵羊饲料养分消化率和有效能预测模型的研究[J].畜牧兽医学报,2012,43(8):1230-1238.
[2]赵江波,魏时来,马涛,等.应用套算法估测肉羊精饲料代谢能[J].动物营养学报,2016,28(4):1217-1224.
[3]王菲.肉牛饲料有效能值预测模型的建立与评价[D].北京:中国农业大学,2016.
[4]张子仪,吴同礼.回归分析在猪饲料的消化能值评定上的应用[J].畜牧兽医学报,1981,12(4):217-222.
[5]Kitessa S,Irish G G,Flinn P C.Comparison of methods used to predict the in vivo digestibility of feeds in ruminants[J].Aust JAgr Res,1999,50(5):825-842.
[6]何英.糠麸糟渣、饼粕类饲料猪有效能预测模型的研究[D].雅安:四川农业大学,2004.
[7]尼健君.玉米、小麦麸和豆粕猪有效能值回归方程的构建[D].北京:中国农业大学,2012.
[8]李全丰.中国玉米猪有效营养成分预测方程的构建[D].北京:中国农业大学,2014.
[9]李青云.生长猪花生粕有效能值和氨基酸消化率预测方程的建立[D].北京:中国农业大学,2014.
[10]赵江波,魏时来,马涛,等.套算法用于估测肉用羊单一谷物饲料代谢能值及养分消化率的探索[J].畜牧兽医学报,2016,47(7):1405-1413.
[11]Galvani D B,Pires C C,Kozloski G V,et al.Energy requirements of Texel crossbred lambs[J].J Anim Sci,2008,86(12):3480-3490.
[12]张丽英.饲料分析及饲料质量检测技术[M].3版.北京:中国农业大学出版社,2007.
[13]Pelchan A,Peters K J.Methane emissions from sheep[J].Small Rumin Res,1998,27(2):137-150.
[14]刘德稳.生长猪常用七种饲料原料净能预测方程[D].北京:中国农业大学,2014.
[15]Adeola O,Lewis A J,Lee Southen L.Swine nutrition[M].2nd ed.Washington D C:CRC Press,2001:906.
[16]Abate A L,Mayer M.Prediction of the useful energy in tropical feeds from proximate composition and in vivo derived energetic contents 1.Metabolisable energy[J].Small Rumin Res,1997,25(1):51-59.
[17]赵明明,马涛,马俊南,等.肉用绵羊常用粗饲料有效能值的预测与方程的建立[J].动物营养学报,2016,28(8):2385-2395.
[18]王菲.肉牛饲料有效能值预测模型的建立与评价[D].北京:中国农业大学,2016.
[19]刘洁,刁其玉,赵一广,等.肉用绵羊饲料养分消化率和有效能预测模型的研究[J].畜牧兽医学报,2012,43(8):1230-1238.