羧甲基纤维素类粘结剂在硅基锂电池中的应用
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摘要
羧甲基纤维素钠(CMC-Na)与羧甲基纤维素(CMC)都是制作锂电池的常用粘结剂。粘结剂的粘度和分子量通常会对锂电池的电化学性能产生很大的影响。基于纳米的硅作为锂电池优异的负极材料,针对CMC-Na和CMC进行了系统的力学、电化学性能分析。研究表明,CMC-Na具有优异的机械性能,当CMC-Na用作粘结剂时,锂电池表现出高的比容量,但在充/放电过程中比容量衰减过快。CMC具有比较紧密的网络结构,使硅颗粒在循环过程中产生较小的体积膨胀,因此当CMC作为粘结剂时,锂电池展示出极佳的循环稳定性,但CMC与硅的弱的粘着力限制了电极的比容量。这为羧甲基纤维素类粘结剂的开发与应用研究提供了方向。
The sodium carboxymethyl cellulose(CMC-Na)and carboxymethyl cellulose(CMC)are commonly used as the binders for lithium batteries.The viscosity and molecular weight of the binder usually have great effect on the electrochemical performance of lithium batteries.Based on nano-silicon as an excellent anode material for lithium batteries,the systematic mechanical and electrochemical performance analyses for CMC-Na and CMC were made.The research shows that CMC-Na has excellent mechanical properties.When CMC-Na is used as the binder,lithium batteries exhibit high specific capacity,but the specific capacity is attenuated too fast during charging/discharging.CMC has a relatively tight network structure,which makes the silicon particles endure small volume expansion during the cyclic process,therefore the lithium battery exhibits excellent cycle stability when CMC is used as the binder.However,the weak adhesion between CMC and silicon limits the specific capacity of the electrode.The research provides a direction for the development and application of carboxymethyl cellulose binders.
The sodium carboxymethyl cellulose(CMC-Na)and carboxymethyl cellulose(CMC)are commonly used as the binders for lithium batteries.The viscosity and molecular weight of the binder usually have great effect on the electrochemical performance of lithium batteries.Based on nano-silicon as an excellent anode material for lithium batteries,the systematic mechanical and electrochemical performance analyses for CMC-Na and CMC were made.The research shows that CMC-Na has excellent mechanical properties.When CMC-Na is used as the binder,lithium batteries exhibit high specific capacity,but the specific capacity is attenuated too fast during charging/discharging.CMC has a relatively tight network structure,which makes the silicon particles endure small volume expansion during the cyclic process,therefore the lithium battery exhibits excellent cycle stability when CMC is used as the binder.However,the weak adhesion between CMC and silicon limits the specific capacity of the electrode.The research provides a direction for the development and application of carboxymethyl cellulose binders.
引文
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[5]HE D,BAI F,LI L,et al.Fabrication of sandwich-structured Si nanoparticles-graphene nanocomposites for high-performance lithium-ion batteries[J].Electrochimica Acta,2015,169:409-415.
[6]HU L,WU H,HONG S S,et al.Si,nanoparticle-decorated Si nanowire networks for Li-ion battery anodes[J].Chemical Communications,2010,47(1):367-369.
[7]HUI W,YI C.Designing nanostructured Si anodes for high energy lithium ion batteries[J].Nano Today,2012,7(5):414-429.
[8]CHEN S,BAO P,HUANG X,et al.Hierarchical 3D mesoporous silicon@graphene nanoarchitectures for lithium ion batteries with superior performance[J].Nano Research,2014,7(1):85-94.
[9]CUI L F,YANG Y,HSU C M,et al.Carbon-silicon coreshell nanowires as high capacity electrode for lithium ion batteries[J].Nano Letters,2009,9(9):3370-3374.
[10]GE M,RONG J,FANG X,et al.Scalable preparation of porous silicon nanoparticles and their application for lithium-ion battery anodes[J].Nano Research,2013,6(3):174-181.
[11]KIM H,HAN B,PROF J C,et al.Three-dimensional porous silicon particles for use in high-performance lithium secondary batteries[J].Angewandte Chemie,2010,47(52):10151-10154.
[12]LI X,GU M,HU S,et al.Mesoporous silicon sponge as an anti-pulverization structure for high-performance lithium-ion battery anodes[J].Nature Communications,2014,5(5):4105-4109.
[13]LIU B,WANG X,CHEN H,et al.Hierarchical silicon nanowires-carbon textiles matrix as a binder-free anode for high-performance advanced lithium-ion batteries[J].Scientific Reports,2013,3(15):1622-1629.
[14]REN W,WANG Y,ZHANG Z,et al.Carbon-coated porous silicon composites as high performance Li-ion battery anode materials:can the production process be cheaper and greener[J].Journal of Materials Chemistry:A,2016,4(2):552-560.
[15]YAO Y,MCDOWELL M T,RYU I,et al.Interconnected silicon hollow nanospheres for lithium-ion battery anodes with long cycle life[J].Nano letters,2011,11(7):2949-2954.
[16]LI J,CHRISENSEN L,OBROVAC M N,et al.Effect of heat treatment on Si electrodes using polyvinylidene fluoride binder[J].Journal of the Electrochemical Society,2008,155(3):A234-A238.
[17]DROFENIK J,GABERSCEK M,DOMINKO R,et al.Cellulose as a binding material in graphitic anodes for Li ion batteries:aperformance and degradation study[J].Electrochimica Acta,2003,48(7):883-889.
[18]LESTRIEZ B,BAHRI S,SANDU I,et al.On the binding mechanism of CMC in Si negative electrodes for Li-ion batteries[J].Electrochemistry Communications,2007,9(12):2801-2806.
[19]WEI L,CHEN C,HOU Z,et al.Poly(acrylic acid sodium)grafted carboxymethyl cellulose as a high performance polymer binder for silicon anode in lithium ion batteries[J].Scientific Reports,2016,6:19583-1-19583-8.
[20]WEI L,HOU Z.High performance polymer binders inspired by chemical finishing of textiles for silicon anodes in lithium ion batteries[J].Journal of Materials Chemistry:A,2017,5(42):22156-22162.
[21]OBROVAC M N,KRAUSE L J.Reversible cycling of crystalline silicon powder[J].Journal of the Electrochemical Society,2007,154(2):A103-A108.
[22]GUO J,SUN A,CHEN X,et al.Cyclability study of silicon-carbon composite anodes for lithium-ion batteries using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy[J].Electrochimica Acta,2011,56(11):3981-3987.