输电线路自同步电流差动保护
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摘要
电流差动保护原理简单、可靠性高,但对数据的同步性要求严格,同步误差超过一定限值时会引起误动或拒动。针对电流差动保护常用的动作判据,定性分析了其在内、外部故障时的耐同步误差能力;以故障发生时刻为对时基准,提出了输电线路自同步电流差动保护方案,并对此方案的误差来源、可行性及应用条件等进行了详细的分析与论证;同时,借助现场录波数据和PSCAD仿真结果,对输电线路中自同步电流差动保护方案的可行性进行了验证。理论与仿真分析表明,所述方案不依赖外部时钟,不受通道传输延时和路由变化的影响,在当前技术条件下,其同步误差在允许范围之内,可为输电线路电流差动保护提供一种新的实现方式。
Current differential protection is simple and reliable in principle. But it has a strict requirement for data synchronization, and mal-operation will happen for a large synchronization error.Aiming at common criterion used in line current differential protection, this paper analyzed its ability against synchronization error for internal and external faults firstly. Then refer to fault occurring time,self-synchronized scheme was put forward for transmission line current differential protection.Meanwhile its error sources, feasibility and application conditions were analyzed and demonstrated in detail. After that, using on-site recorded fault data and simulation data, the paper verified the viability of this scheme. Principle investigation and simulations indicate that the proposed scheme can get rid of the dependence on synchronous clock, and be free of the influence of transmission delay and routing change of multiplex channel. Under current technology condition, this scheme's synchronization error is in the allowable range. Therefore it can be a new choice for realization of line current differential protection.
Current differential protection is simple and reliable in principle. But it has a strict requirement for data synchronization, and mal-operation will happen for a large synchronization error.Aiming at common criterion used in line current differential protection, this paper analyzed its ability against synchronization error for internal and external faults firstly. Then refer to fault occurring time,self-synchronized scheme was put forward for transmission line current differential protection.Meanwhile its error sources, feasibility and application conditions were analyzed and demonstrated in detail. After that, using on-site recorded fault data and simulation data, the paper verified the viability of this scheme. Principle investigation and simulations indicate that the proposed scheme can get rid of the dependence on synchronous clock, and be free of the influence of transmission delay and routing change of multiplex channel. Under current technology condition, this scheme's synchronization error is in the allowable range. Therefore it can be a new choice for realization of line current differential protection.
引文
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[10]吕航,李力.变电站同步信号异常对保护装置影响及对策[J].电力系统自动化,2012,36(19):89-93.LüHang,Li Li.Countermeasures and impacts of substation synchronous signal abnormalities on protections[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2012,36(19):89-93.
[11]高厚磊,李娟,朱国防,等.有源配电网电流差动保护应用技术探讨[J].电力系统保护与控制,2014,42(5):40-44.Gao Houlei,Li Juan,Zhu Guofang,et al.Study on application technology of current differential protection in active distribution network[J].Power System Protection and Control,2014,42(5):40-44.
[12]李娟.有源配电网电流差动保护原理与实现技术研究[D].济南:山东大学,2016.
[13]郑华珍,乐全明,郁惟镛,等.基于小波理论的超高压电网故障时刻提取[J].电网技术,2005,29(19):33-38.Zheng Huazhen,Yue Quanming,Yu Weiyong,et al.Location of fault moment by wavelet in ultra-highvoltage network based on fault record data[J].Power System Technology,2005,29(19):33-38.
[14]邢浩江,张东来.电力采集系统故障时刻精度的提高方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2011,31(16):88-95.Xing Haojiang,Zhang Donglai.Improvement on fault time accuracy of power sampling system[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2011,31(16):88-95.
[15]贺家李,宋从矩.电力系统继电保护原理(增订版)[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2004.
[16]郑涛,陈佩璐,刘连光,等.计及直流偏磁的电流互感器传变特性对差动保护的影响[J].电力系统自动化,2012,36(20):89-93.Zheng Tao,Chen Peilu,Liu Lianguang,et al.Transferring characteristics of current transformer affected by DC magnetic bias and its impact on differential protection[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2012,36(20):89-93.
[17]樊占峰,白申义,杨智德,等.光学电流互感器关键技术研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2018,46(3):67-74.Fan Zhanfeng,Bai Shenyi,Yang Zhide,et al.Research on key technology of optical current transformer[J].Power System Protection and Control,2018,46(3):67-74.
[18]董新洲,雷傲宇,汤兰西.电力线路行波差动保护与电流差动保护的比较研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2018,46(1):1-8.Dong Xinzhou,Lei Aoyu,Tang Lanxi.Comparative study of traveling wave differential protection and current differential protection for power lines[J].Power System Protection and Control,2018,46(1):1-8.
[19]高超,郑涛,毕天姝,等.特高压多串补系统电流特性分析[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(20):193-198.Gao Chao,Zheng Tao,Bi Tianshu,et al.Analysis on current characteristics of ultra high transmission line with multi series compensation capacitors[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(20):193-198.
[20]罗深增,李银红,游昊,等.基于同步相量测量单元的串联补偿线路自适应故障定位算法[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(5):143-151.Luo Shenzeng,Li Yinhong,You Hao,et al.An adaptive fault location algorithm based on PMUmeasurement for series compensated transmission lines[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(5):143-151.
[21]刘刚,熊小伏,廖瑞金,等.泄漏电流对电流互感器误差特性的影响及分析[J].电工技术学报,2018,33(3):697-704.Liu Gang,Xiong Xiaofu,Liao Ruijin,et al.Effect and analysis of leakage current on error characteristics of current transformer[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2018,33(2):697-704.
[22]刘慧斌,苗茂.电流互感器两点接地引起的线路纵差保护动作分析[J].电气技术,2018,19(1):114-116.Liu Huibin,Miao Mao.The analysis of three-terminal line protection act trip caused by multiple earthing of CT[J].Electrical Engineering,2018,19(1):114-116.
[2]张旭泽,郑永康,康小宁,等.智能变电站继电保护系统所面临的若干问题[J].电力系统保护与控制,2018,46(6):1-7.Zhang Xuze,ZhengYongkang,Kang Xiaoning,et al.Several problems of intelligent substation relay protection system[J].Power System Protection and Control,2018,46(6):1-7.
[3]黄纯,刘鹏辉,江亚群,等.基于动态时间弯曲距离的主动配电网馈线差动保护[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(6):240-247.Huang Chun,Liu Penghui,Jiang Yaqun,et al.Feeder differential protection based on dynamic time warping distance in active distribution network[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(6):240-247.
[4]Igarashi G,Santos J C.Effects of loss of time synchronization in differential protection of transformers using process bus according to IEC61850-9-2[C]//Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference,Istanbul,2014:1-6.
[5]高厚磊,江世芳,贺家李.数字电流差动保护中几种采样同步方法[J].电力系统自动化,1996,20(9):46-49,53.Gao Houlei,Jiang Shifang,He Jiali.Sampling synchronization methods in digital current differential protection[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,1996,20(9):46-49,53.
[6]陈文进,江道灼.电力系统数据采样的几种同步方法[J].继电器,2003,31(11):25-29.Chen Wenjin,Jiang Daozhuo.Some methods on synchronous data sampling in electric power system[J].Relay,2003,31(11):25-29.
[7]赵廷,李泽文,邹彬,等.卫星时钟与网络时钟互备的广域时间同步方法[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(14):202-207.Zhao Ting,Li Zewen,Zou Bin,et al.Wide-area time synchronization method for mutual preparation of satellite clock and network clock[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(14):202-207.
[8]赵东艳,原义栋,石磊,等.用于智能电网建设的北斗/GPS高精度授时方案关键技术[J].电网技术,2013,37(9):2621-2625.Zhao Dongyan,Yuan Yidong,Shi Lei,et al.Key technology in Beidou/GPS high-precision time service scheme for smart grid construction[J].Power System Technology,2013,37(9):2621-2625.
[9]李钢,冯辰虎,孙集伟,等.纵联电流差动保护数据同步技术及通道切换时数据交换的研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2010,38(22):141-145.Li Gang,Feng Chenhu,Sun Jiwei,et al.Research in data synchronization technology and data exchange while channel switching of current differential protection[J].Power System Protection and Control,2010,38(22):141-145.
[10]吕航,李力.变电站同步信号异常对保护装置影响及对策[J].电力系统自动化,2012,36(19):89-93.LüHang,Li Li.Countermeasures and impacts of substation synchronous signal abnormalities on protections[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2012,36(19):89-93.
[11]高厚磊,李娟,朱国防,等.有源配电网电流差动保护应用技术探讨[J].电力系统保护与控制,2014,42(5):40-44.Gao Houlei,Li Juan,Zhu Guofang,et al.Study on application technology of current differential protection in active distribution network[J].Power System Protection and Control,2014,42(5):40-44.
[12]李娟.有源配电网电流差动保护原理与实现技术研究[D].济南:山东大学,2016.
[13]郑华珍,乐全明,郁惟镛,等.基于小波理论的超高压电网故障时刻提取[J].电网技术,2005,29(19):33-38.Zheng Huazhen,Yue Quanming,Yu Weiyong,et al.Location of fault moment by wavelet in ultra-highvoltage network based on fault record data[J].Power System Technology,2005,29(19):33-38.
[14]邢浩江,张东来.电力采集系统故障时刻精度的提高方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2011,31(16):88-95.Xing Haojiang,Zhang Donglai.Improvement on fault time accuracy of power sampling system[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2011,31(16):88-95.
[15]贺家李,宋从矩.电力系统继电保护原理(增订版)[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2004.
[16]郑涛,陈佩璐,刘连光,等.计及直流偏磁的电流互感器传变特性对差动保护的影响[J].电力系统自动化,2012,36(20):89-93.Zheng Tao,Chen Peilu,Liu Lianguang,et al.Transferring characteristics of current transformer affected by DC magnetic bias and its impact on differential protection[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2012,36(20):89-93.
[17]樊占峰,白申义,杨智德,等.光学电流互感器关键技术研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2018,46(3):67-74.Fan Zhanfeng,Bai Shenyi,Yang Zhide,et al.Research on key technology of optical current transformer[J].Power System Protection and Control,2018,46(3):67-74.
[18]董新洲,雷傲宇,汤兰西.电力线路行波差动保护与电流差动保护的比较研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2018,46(1):1-8.Dong Xinzhou,Lei Aoyu,Tang Lanxi.Comparative study of traveling wave differential protection and current differential protection for power lines[J].Power System Protection and Control,2018,46(1):1-8.
[19]高超,郑涛,毕天姝,等.特高压多串补系统电流特性分析[J].电工技术学报,2015,30(20):193-198.Gao Chao,Zheng Tao,Bi Tianshu,et al.Analysis on current characteristics of ultra high transmission line with multi series compensation capacitors[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2015,30(20):193-198.
[20]罗深增,李银红,游昊,等.基于同步相量测量单元的串联补偿线路自适应故障定位算法[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(5):143-151.Luo Shenzeng,Li Yinhong,You Hao,et al.An adaptive fault location algorithm based on PMUmeasurement for series compensated transmission lines[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(5):143-151.
[21]刘刚,熊小伏,廖瑞金,等.泄漏电流对电流互感器误差特性的影响及分析[J].电工技术学报,2018,33(3):697-704.Liu Gang,Xiong Xiaofu,Liao Ruijin,et al.Effect and analysis of leakage current on error characteristics of current transformer[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2018,33(2):697-704.
[22]刘慧斌,苗茂.电流互感器两点接地引起的线路纵差保护动作分析[J].电气技术,2018,19(1):114-116.Liu Huibin,Miao Mao.The analysis of three-terminal line protection act trip caused by multiple earthing of CT[J].Electrical Engineering,2018,19(1):114-116.