群养母猪智能化精准饲喂装置的设计与试验
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摘要
为了提高我国母猪养殖设备自动化和智能化水平,设计一种由全机械式饲喂通道、精准饲喂器及智能控制器组成的群养母猪智能化精准饲喂装置,该装置采用少量多次的下料方式,以可编程控制器(PLC)作为核心控制器,实现母猪采食信息的采集与储存。性能测定分析显示,当单次下料量为100g时,该装置的日下料量平均相对误差为2.59%,变异系数的均值为2.25%,最远识别半径为16cm。研究结果表明,该装置具有准确识别进食母猪身份、隔离饲喂及精准下料等功能,装置的下料精度和稳定性以及识别范围均达到设计要求。
In order to improve the automation and intelligence level of sows breeding equipment in China,an intelligent and precise feeding equipment for group-breeding sows is designed,which consists of all mechanical feeding channels,precision feeders and intelligent controllers.The device adopts a small number of feeding ways and a programmable controller as the core controller to collect and store the feeding information of sows.The performance measurement analysis showed that when the single discharge amount was 100 g,the average relative error of the daily discharge amount of the device was2.59%,the mean coefficient of variation was 2.25%,and the maximum identification radius was 16 cm.The results show that the device has the functions of identifying feeding sows accurately,isolating feeding and precise feeding.The accuracy and stability of feeding and recognition range of the device meet the design requirements.
In order to improve the automation and intelligence level of sows breeding equipment in China,an intelligent and precise feeding equipment for group-breeding sows is designed,which consists of all mechanical feeding channels,precision feeders and intelligent controllers.The device adopts a small number of feeding ways and a programmable controller as the core controller to collect and store the feeding information of sows.The performance measurement analysis showed that when the single discharge amount was 100 g,the average relative error of the daily discharge amount of the device was2.59%,the mean coefficient of variation was 2.25%,and the maximum identification radius was 16 cm.The results show that the device has the functions of identifying feeding sows accurately,isolating feeding and precise feeding.The accuracy and stability of feeding and recognition range of the device meet the design requirements.
引文
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[20]蒙贺伟,坎杂,李亚萍.奶牛饲喂装置中螺旋输送器的设计及三维造型[J].农机化研究,2008(10):61-63.
[21]覃国喜,文波.Velos智能化母猪管理系统在饲养过程中的优点与难题[J].广西畜牧兽医,2014(3):141-142.
[2]蓝荣庚.限位栏对妊娠母猪生产性能的影响以及改进措施[J].今日畜牧兽医,2012(9):1-5.
[3]熊本海,蒋林树,杨亮,等.种猪生产性能测定系统开发与性能测试[J].农业工程学报,2017,33(9):174-179.
[4] MARCHANT J N,RUDD A R,BROOM D M.The effects of housing on heart rate of gestating sows during specific behaviours[J].Applied animal behaviour science,1997,55(2):67-78.
[5] HARRISARRIS M J,PAJOR E A,SORRELLS A D,et al.Effects of stall or small group gestation housing on the production,health and behaviour of gilts[J].Livestock science,2006,102(1):171-179.
[6] JOHNSTON L J,LI Y Z.Performance and well-being of sows housed in pens retrofitted from gestation stalls[J].Journal ofanimal science,2013,91(12):5937-5945.
[7]顾宪红,张俊玲.母猪电子群养系统和个体限位栏系统繁殖性能及动物福利水平对比分析[J].畜牧兽医学报,2016,47(6):1189-1197.
[8]闫颖.智能化母猪饲喂管理系统设计[D].太原:中北大学,2014.
[9]杨亮,熊本海,曹沛,等.妊娠母猪自动饲喂机电控制系统设计与试验[J].农业工程学报,2013,29(21):66-71.
[10]杨秀丽,张铁民,邢航,等.母猪大栏智能群养系统关键技术研究进展[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2016,44(4):24-32.
[11]叶娜,黄川.荷兰Velos智能化母猪饲养管理系统在国内猪场的应用[J].养猪,2009,3(2):41-42.
[12]陈钦辉.母猪电子群养系统(ESF&TEAM)的应用前景[J].北方牧业,2012,3(9):18.
[13]OLSSON A C,ANDERSSON M,BOTERMANS J,et al.Animal interaction and response to electronic sow feeding(ESF)in 3different herds and effects of function settings to increase capacity[J].Livestock science,2011,137(1/2/3):268-272.
[14]KORTHALS R L.Comparison of electronic sow feeding and crated management of sows with different genetics[C]//HOLDBACH A H.Livestock Environment VI,Proceedings of the 6th International Symposium 2001.[S.l.]:American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers,2001:93-102.
[15]代林波.母猪精确饲喂装置的设计与仿真分析研究[D].郑州:郑州大学,2012.
[16]丁治国.RFID关键技术研究与实现[D].合肥:中国科学技术大学,2009.
[17]秦磊.基于电子耳标的放养羊群信息采集管理系统的研究与开发[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古大学,2016.
[18]COSTA G N,ARNAUD A.A low frequency RFID temperature data logger[C]//Argentine School of Micro-Nanoelectronics Technology and Applications(EAMTA),2011.[s.l.]:IEEE,2011:1-4.
[19]蒙贺伟,高振江,坎杂,等.等径变螺距奶牛精确饲喂给料装置设计与试验[J].农业工程学报,2011,27(3):103-107.
[20]蒙贺伟,坎杂,李亚萍.奶牛饲喂装置中螺旋输送器的设计及三维造型[J].农机化研究,2008(10):61-63.
[21]覃国喜,文波.Velos智能化母猪管理系统在饲养过程中的优点与难题[J].广西畜牧兽医,2014(3):141-142.