土石方快速测算的方法研究
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摘要
本文研究GPS、地面三维激光扫描和倾斜摄影测量三种快速测算土石方的方法。GPS技术采用(方格网法和DTM法)两种方法测算,地面三维激光扫描采用激光点云建模测量体积的方法,倾斜摄影测量采用无人机影像建模测算体积的方法。研究结果表明:传统土石方测量方法,外业采集效率较低,测算的精度较低。采用三维激光扫描技术和倾斜摄影测量技术的方法,能够快速获取现场数据,提高土石方测量效率,精度相对于传统测算方法较高,对工程的工期、投资和规划设计都有着重要的意义。
In this paper, three fast methods of calculating earthwork are studied: GPS, three-dimensional laser scanning and tilt photogrammetry. GPS technology uses two methods(grid method and DTM method) to measure the volume. Laser point cloud modeling is used to measure the volume in ground three-dimensional laser scanning, and UAV image modeling is used to measure the volume in tilt photogrammetry. The results show that the traditional earthwork measurement method has low efficiency and accuracy in field acquisition. By using three-dimensional laser scanning technology and inclined photogrammetry technology, the field data can be obtained quickly, and the efficiency of earthwork measurement can be improved. The accuracy of the method is higher than that of the traditional method. It is of great significance to the construction period, investment and planning and design of the project.
In this paper, three fast methods of calculating earthwork are studied: GPS, three-dimensional laser scanning and tilt photogrammetry. GPS technology uses two methods(grid method and DTM method) to measure the volume. Laser point cloud modeling is used to measure the volume in ground three-dimensional laser scanning, and UAV image modeling is used to measure the volume in tilt photogrammetry. The results show that the traditional earthwork measurement method has low efficiency and accuracy in field acquisition. By using three-dimensional laser scanning technology and inclined photogrammetry technology, the field data can be obtained quickly, and the efficiency of earthwork measurement can be improved. The accuracy of the method is higher than that of the traditional method. It is of great significance to the construction period, investment and planning and design of the project.
引文
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[11] 廖玉佳,胡勇,叶涛.基于低空无人机倾斜摄影的三维模型构建[J].北京测绘,2018,32(5):504-507.
[12] 罗清松,廖小延.基于Lensphoto系统的土石方计算方法应用[J].北京测绘,2014(5):88-91.
[13] 李勇,胡松,李连海,等.几种土石方量测量计算方法的对比研究[J].北京测绘,2013(6):68-72.
[2] CASS软件在土石方计算中的应用[J].四川建筑,2010,30(4):235-236.
[3] 李建飞,秦岩宾,齐中举.基于CASS的土石方多种计算方法与比较[J].测绘工程,2012,21(3):78-80.
[4] 鲁维嘉,刘涛.运用GPSRTK进行场地土方工程测量及计算[J].黑龙江国土资源,2010(2):53-53.
[5] 李滨,冉磊,程承旗.三维激光扫描技术应用于土石方工程的研究[J].测绘通报,2012(10):62-64.
[6] 冯晓刚,刘明星,撒利伟,等.三维激光扫描在土石方量精计算中的应用[J].地理空间信息,2015(4):49-51.
[7] 袁凤祥,秦岩宾,安家瑞.三维激光扫描技术在土石方量测量中的应用[J].测绘工程,2016,25(9):55-58.
[8] 李镇洲,张学之.基于倾斜摄影测量技术快速建立城市3维模型研究[J].测绘与空间地理信息,2012,35(4):117-119.
[9] 刘文肖.无人机航空摄影测量在土石方量计算中的应用[J].现代测绘,2018,41(2):6-8.
[10] 王果,沙从术,蒋瑞波,等.基于无人机倾斜摄影的露天矿工程量计算方法[J].金属矿山,2017(10):72-75.
[11] 廖玉佳,胡勇,叶涛.基于低空无人机倾斜摄影的三维模型构建[J].北京测绘,2018,32(5):504-507.
[12] 罗清松,廖小延.基于Lensphoto系统的土石方计算方法应用[J].北京测绘,2014(5):88-91.
[13] 李勇,胡松,李连海,等.几种土石方量测量计算方法的对比研究[J].北京测绘,2013(6):68-72.