闹市区大断面地铁车站钻爆开挖及振动控制
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摘要
城市地区地铁车站钻爆法开挖施工,将对周边建筑物和人员产生较大影响甚至造成危害。文章以重庆轨道交通环线洪湖东路车站钻爆法施工为例,详细阐述了爆破方案及爆破参数的设计,通过采用断面分部开挖、三级楔形掏槽、预裂爆破和逐孔爆破网路等技术措施,最大限度减少地表沉降和爆破地震强度对周边环境的影响。实践表明,地铁车站开挖采用本文提出的综合技术措施能显著降低爆破振动,减少钻爆施工对围岩的扰动,确保周边建筑物和人员安全。
Drill and blast construction of the metro station in urban areas has large effect and even damage on surrounding buildings and personnel.Taking the drill and blast excavation of the Honghu East Road station of Chongqing rail transit loop line as an example,the blasting scheme and design parameters were described in detail,main technical measures of partial excavation,three-stage wedge-shaped cut,pre-splitting blasting and hole-by-hole initiating network were taken in order to reduce effects of ground settlement and blasting vibration on surroundings to the maximum extent.Practice shows that the comprehensive technical measures for construction of the metro station can significantly reduce the blasting vibration and disturbance of surrounding rock,guaranteeing the safety of surrounding buildings and personnel.
Drill and blast construction of the metro station in urban areas has large effect and even damage on surrounding buildings and personnel.Taking the drill and blast excavation of the Honghu East Road station of Chongqing rail transit loop line as an example,the blasting scheme and design parameters were described in detail,main technical measures of partial excavation,three-stage wedge-shaped cut,pre-splitting blasting and hole-by-hole initiating network were taken in order to reduce effects of ground settlement and blasting vibration on surroundings to the maximum extent.Practice shows that the comprehensive technical measures for construction of the metro station can significantly reduce the blasting vibration and disturbance of surrounding rock,guaranteeing the safety of surrounding buildings and personnel.
引文
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[9]苑绍东,杨林,黄舰.青岛地区地铁隧道爆破施工影响范围研究[J].现代隧道技术, 2018, 55,(3):76-80+91.YUAN Shaodong, YANG Lin, HUANG Jian. Scope Affected by Metro Tunnel Construction Blasting in Qingdao[J]. Modern TunnellingTechnology, 2018, 55(3):76-80+91.
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[11]郭华杰.数码电子雷管在地铁隧道爆破降振中的应用[D].包头:内蒙古科技大学, 2015.GUO Huajie. Application of Digital Electronic Detonator in Blasting Vibration Reduction of Subway Tunnel[D]. Baotou:Inner Mon?golia University of Science and Technology, 2015.
[12]陈寿,周桂松,等.逐孔起爆技术在太和铁矿的应用[J].工程爆破, 2011, 17(1):43-49.CHEN Shou, ZHOU Guisong, et al. Application of Hole-by-Hole Initiation Technology in Taihe Iron Mine[J]. Engineering Blasting,2011, 17(1):43-49.
[2]杨年华.应用电子雷管进行干扰降震爆破实验研究[J].工程爆破, 2013,(6):41-45.YANG Nianhua. Blasting Experimental Study on Vibration Reduction through Interference Waveform Caused by Electronic Detona?tor[J]. Engineering Blasting, 2013,(6):41-45.
[3]李顺波,杨军,陈浦,刘杰.精确延时控制爆破振动的实验研究[J].爆炸与冲击, 2013,(5):513-518.LI Shunbo, YANG Jun, CHEN Pu, LIU Jie. Experimental Study of Blasting Vibration with Precisely-controlled Delay Time[J]. Ex?plosion and Shock Waves, 2013,(5):513-518.
[4]邓矿辉.大面积楔形掏槽爆破技术在公路隧道施工中的应用[J].隧道建设, 2006, 26,(3):65-67.DENG Kuanghui. Application of Large-area Wedge Cutting Blasting Technology in Constructioin of Highway Tunnels[J]. TunnelConstruction, 2006, 26(3):65-67.
[5]王玉杰.爆破工程[M].武汉:武汉理工大学出版, 2010.WANG Yujie. Blasting Engineering[M]. Wuhan:Wuhan University of Technology Press, 2010.
[6]郭学彬,张继春.爆破工程[M].北京:人民交通出版社, 2011.GUO Xuebin, ZHANG Jichun. Blasting Engineering[M]. Beijing:China Communications Press, 2011.
[7]霍永基.建筑结构爆破振动效应及安全分析研究[J].爆破, 2003,(1):1-6.HUO Yongji. Research on Blasting Vibration Effect and Safety Analysis of Building Structure[J]. Blasting, 2003,(1):1-6.
[8]杨年华,张志毅.隧道爆破振动控制技术研究[J].铁道工程学报, 2010,(1):82-86.YANG Nianhua, ZHANG Zhiyi. Research on the Control Technology for Tunnel Blasting Vibration.[J]. Journal of Railway Engineer?ing Society, 2010,(1):82-86.
[9]苑绍东,杨林,黄舰.青岛地区地铁隧道爆破施工影响范围研究[J].现代隧道技术, 2018, 55,(3):76-80+91.YUAN Shaodong, YANG Lin, HUANG Jian. Scope Affected by Metro Tunnel Construction Blasting in Qingdao[J]. Modern TunnellingTechnology, 2018, 55(3):76-80+91.
[10]汪旭光.爆破手册[M].北京:冶金工业出版社, 2010.WANG Xuguang. Blasting Manual[M]. Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press, 2010.
[11]郭华杰.数码电子雷管在地铁隧道爆破降振中的应用[D].包头:内蒙古科技大学, 2015.GUO Huajie. Application of Digital Electronic Detonator in Blasting Vibration Reduction of Subway Tunnel[D]. Baotou:Inner Mon?golia University of Science and Technology, 2015.
[12]陈寿,周桂松,等.逐孔起爆技术在太和铁矿的应用[J].工程爆破, 2011, 17(1):43-49.CHEN Shou, ZHOU Guisong, et al. Application of Hole-by-Hole Initiation Technology in Taihe Iron Mine[J]. Engineering Blasting,2011, 17(1):43-49.