基于Pathfinder的高校学生宿舍楼火灾疏散数值模拟
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摘要
高校学生人数的增加使宿舍人员密度增大,学生在宿舍内使用电器、吸烟等行为容易导致火灾的发生。本文以某高校学校宿舍为研究对象,通过建立Pathfinder软件模型模拟火灾发生过程,结果表明,增加楼梯宽度、增加楼梯数量、增加出口数量能减少疏散时间。增加楼梯数量减少的疏散时间比增加楼梯宽度减少的疏散时间小。增加楼梯数量和出口数量能最大程度减少疏散时间,防止人员的过度拥堵,保证人员的安全。入住人数减少可以大幅度减少疏散时间,因此安排入住人数时应考虑人员疏散的安全。
The increase in the number of college students increases the density of dormitory personnel, and students' behavior of using electrical appliances and smoking in dormitories easily leads to the occurrence of fires. Taking a university dormitory as the research object, this paper simulates the fire process by establishing Pathfinder software model. The results show that increasing the width of stairs, increasing the number of stairs and increasing the number of exits can reduce the evacuation time. The evacuation time of increasing the number of stairs is shorter than that of increasing the width of stairs. Increasing the number of stairs and exits can minimize the evacuation time, prevent overcrowding and ensure the safety of personnel. Reducing occupancy can greatly reduce evacuation time, so the safety of evacuation should be considered when arranging occupancy.
The increase in the number of college students increases the density of dormitory personnel, and students' behavior of using electrical appliances and smoking in dormitories easily leads to the occurrence of fires. Taking a university dormitory as the research object, this paper simulates the fire process by establishing Pathfinder software model. The results show that increasing the width of stairs, increasing the number of stairs and increasing the number of exits can reduce the evacuation time. The evacuation time of increasing the number of stairs is shorter than that of increasing the width of stairs. Increasing the number of stairs and exits can minimize the evacuation time, prevent overcrowding and ensure the safety of personnel. Reducing occupancy can greatly reduce evacuation time, so the safety of evacuation should be considered when arranging occupancy.
引文
[1]王锟,盛武,段若男.基于Pathfinder的高校教学楼出口人员疏散仿真研究[J].中国安全生产科学技术,2016(07):180-186.
[2]Xu Chen,Haiying Li,Jianru Miaoet al.A multiagent-based mode for pedestrian simulation in subway stations[J].Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory,2017,71:134-148.
[3]Fang Li,Shaokuan Chen,Xiudan Wanget al.Pedestrian Evacuation Modeling and Simulation on Metro Platforms Considering Panic Impacts[J].Procedia-Social and Behaviora Sciences,2014,138:314-322
[4]Chen,L.,et al.,Modeling pedestrian flow accounting for collision avoidance during evacuation.Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory,2018.82:p.1-11.
[5]陈亮,郭仁拥,塔娜.双出口房间内疏散行人流的仿真和实验研究[J].物理学报,2013(05):86-95.
[6]Alireza Soltanzadeh,Matin Alaghmandan,Hossein Soltanzadeh.Performance evaluation of refuge floors in combination with egress components in high-rise buildings[J].Journal of Building Engineering,2018,19:519-529
[7]林秋怡,孟庆元.基于Pathfinder的H型宿舍楼安全疏散仿真分析[J].淮海工学院学报(自然科学版),2018(02):71-74.
[8]Zhen-yu Li,Minbo Tang,Dong Lianget al.Numerical Simulation of Evacuation in a Subway Station[J].Procedia Engineering,2016,135:616-621
[9]C.S.Jiang,S.Z.Zheng,F.Yuanet al.Experimental assessment on the moving capabilities of mobility-impaired disabled[J].Safety Science,2012,50(4):974-985.
[2]Xu Chen,Haiying Li,Jianru Miaoet al.A multiagent-based mode for pedestrian simulation in subway stations[J].Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory,2017,71:134-148.
[3]Fang Li,Shaokuan Chen,Xiudan Wanget al.Pedestrian Evacuation Modeling and Simulation on Metro Platforms Considering Panic Impacts[J].Procedia-Social and Behaviora Sciences,2014,138:314-322
[4]Chen,L.,et al.,Modeling pedestrian flow accounting for collision avoidance during evacuation.Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory,2018.82:p.1-11.
[5]陈亮,郭仁拥,塔娜.双出口房间内疏散行人流的仿真和实验研究[J].物理学报,2013(05):86-95.
[6]Alireza Soltanzadeh,Matin Alaghmandan,Hossein Soltanzadeh.Performance evaluation of refuge floors in combination with egress components in high-rise buildings[J].Journal of Building Engineering,2018,19:519-529
[7]林秋怡,孟庆元.基于Pathfinder的H型宿舍楼安全疏散仿真分析[J].淮海工学院学报(自然科学版),2018(02):71-74.
[8]Zhen-yu Li,Minbo Tang,Dong Lianget al.Numerical Simulation of Evacuation in a Subway Station[J].Procedia Engineering,2016,135:616-621
[9]C.S.Jiang,S.Z.Zheng,F.Yuanet al.Experimental assessment on the moving capabilities of mobility-impaired disabled[J].Safety Science,2012,50(4):974-985.