新疆南疆地区肉羊常用精饲料体外产气量与有效降解率的相关性分析
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摘要
本试验分析了新疆南疆地区肉羊常用精饲料体外产气量与有效降解率的相关性,旨在寻找肉羊常用精饲料干物质有效降解率的简易评价方法。以新疆南疆地区肉羊常用的6种蛋白质饲料和7种能量饲料为试验材料,采用体外产气法与人工瘤胃持续发酵法,在测定产气量(GP)与干物质有效降解率的同时,分析二者之间的相关性及常规营养成分对干物质有效降解率的影响,建立了以GP、常规营养成分预测干物质有效降解率的模型。结果显示:1)潜在产气量及8、16、24、36、48 h产气量均与干物质有效降解率呈正相关关系(P<0.05);以相关性最强的3个预测值潜在产气量及24和36 h产气量为预测因子,分别建立干物质有效降解率的预测模型,其决定系数(R~2)分别为0.553、0.613和0.612。2)饲料常规营养成分含量与干物质有效降解率的相关性分析结果中,干物质有效降解率与饲料中性洗涤纤维(NDF)含量呈显著负相关关系(P<0.05),与饲料酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)含量呈极显著负相关关系(P<0.01);建立以ADF、NDF含量预测饲料干物质有效降解率的一元、二元预测模型,二元预测模型[EDIVDM D=88.481-0.484ADF-0.231NDF(P<0.01)(EDIVDM D为干物质有效降解率)]R~2最高,为0.855。综合得出,体外产气法可以代替尼龙袋法预测肉羊常用精饲料的干物质有效降解率,可对饲料的降解性能做出快速、合理、有效的评价;利用饲料中的纤维含量来预测其他主要营养物质在瘤胃内降解率的方法切实可行。
In order to explore the simple method for evaluating effective degradation rate(ED) of dry matter(DM) of concentrate,the correlation analysis between in vitro gas production(GP) and ED of common concentrates for mutton sheep in southern Xinjiang was carried out. Six kinds of protein feedstuffs and 7 kinds of energy feedstuffs were used as experimental material. GP and ED of DMwere detected by in vitro GP method and continuous artificial rumen fermentation method. In the meantime,the effects of common nutrients on ED of DMas well as the correlation between GP and ED of DMwere analyzed. Estimation models based on GP and common nutrients to predict ED of DMwere established. The results showed as follows: 1) potential GP and 8,16,24,30,36 and 48 h GP had positive correlations with ED of DM(P< 0.05); the correlation efficiencies of prediction models of ED of DMbased on potential GP,and GP at 24 and 36 h were higher,and the coefficients of determination(R2) were 0.553,0.613 and 0.612,respectively. 2) In results of correlation analysis between common nutrient contents and ED of DM,ED of DMhad significantly negative correlations with neutral detergent fiber(NDF)(P < 0. 05) and acid detergent fiber(ADF) contents(P < 0. 01); single factor and two factors estimation models for ED of DMwere established based on ADF and NDF contents,and the two factors estimation model [EDIVDMD= 88.481-0.484 ADF-0.231 NDF(P< 0.01,R~2= 0. 855)(EDIVDMD was ED of DM)] had higher R~2. In conclusion,in vitro GP method can replace the nylon bag method to estimate ED of DM,and make a quick,reasonable and effective evaluation on the degradation characteristic of common concentrate feedstuffs for mutton sheep; fiber content in feedstuffs can be used to predicate degradation rate of other main nutrients in rumen.
In order to explore the simple method for evaluating effective degradation rate(ED) of dry matter(DM) of concentrate,the correlation analysis between in vitro gas production(GP) and ED of common concentrates for mutton sheep in southern Xinjiang was carried out. Six kinds of protein feedstuffs and 7 kinds of energy feedstuffs were used as experimental material. GP and ED of DMwere detected by in vitro GP method and continuous artificial rumen fermentation method. In the meantime,the effects of common nutrients on ED of DMas well as the correlation between GP and ED of DMwere analyzed. Estimation models based on GP and common nutrients to predict ED of DMwere established. The results showed as follows: 1) potential GP and 8,16,24,30,36 and 48 h GP had positive correlations with ED of DM(P< 0.05); the correlation efficiencies of prediction models of ED of DMbased on potential GP,and GP at 24 and 36 h were higher,and the coefficients of determination(R2) were 0.553,0.613 and 0.612,respectively. 2) In results of correlation analysis between common nutrient contents and ED of DM,ED of DMhad significantly negative correlations with neutral detergent fiber(NDF)(P < 0. 05) and acid detergent fiber(ADF) contents(P < 0. 01); single factor and two factors estimation models for ED of DMwere established based on ADF and NDF contents,and the two factors estimation model [EDIVDMD= 88.481-0.484 ADF-0.231 NDF(P< 0.01,R~2= 0. 855)(EDIVDMD was ED of DM)] had higher R~2. In conclusion,in vitro GP method can replace the nylon bag method to estimate ED of DM,and make a quick,reasonable and effective evaluation on the degradation characteristic of common concentrate feedstuffs for mutton sheep; fiber content in feedstuffs can be used to predicate degradation rate of other main nutrients in rumen.
引文
[1]张小艳.南疆特色农业持续发展研究[D].硕士学位论文.武汉:华中师范大学,2008.
[2]李冰.新疆南疆区域生态环境与经济协调发展研究[D].硕士学位论文.阿拉尔:塔里木大学,2015.
[3]赵江波.肉用绵羊精料代谢能预测模型的研究[D].硕士学位论文.兰州:甘肃农业大学,2016.
[4]吴端钦.用CNCPS对羊常用几种精饲料营养价值评定及有效能值预测模型的研究[D].硕士学位论文.大庆:黑龙江八一农垦大学,2009.
[5]NORMAN H C,REVELL D K,MAYBERRY D E,et al.Com parison of in vivo organic m atter digestion of native Avstralian shrubs by sheep to in vitro and in sacco predictions[J].Sm all Rum inant Research,2010,91(1):69-80.
[6]任鹏,冯仰廉.体外持续发酵法评定反刍动物饲料干物质和蛋白质降解率的研究[J].动物营养学报,1989,1(1):16-17.
[7]张丽英.饲料分析及饲料质量检测技术[M].北京:中国农业大学出版社,2003.
[8]VAN SOEST P J.Development of a comprehensive system of feed analyses and its application to forages[J].Journal of Animalence,1967,26(1):119-128.
[9]MENKE K H,RAAB L,SALEWSKI A,et al.The estim ation of the digestibility and m etabolizable energy content of rum inant feeding stuffs from the gas production w hen they are incubated w ith rum en liquor in vitro[J].The Journal of Agricultural Science,1979,93(1):217-222.
[10]?RSKOV E R,MCDONALD I.The estimation of protein degradability in the rum en from incubation m easurem ents w eighted according to rate of passage[J].The Journal of Agricultural Science,1979,92(2):499-503.
[11]刁其玉.动物性蛋白质对反刍动物的营养[J].草食家畜,1990(6):32-35.
[12]李袁飞,郝建祥,马艳艳,等.体外瘤胃发酵法评定不同类型饲料的营养价值[J].动物营养学报,2013,25(10):2403-2413.
[13]孔平,陈傲东,赵伟利,等.玉米蛋白粉与豆粕在反刍动物瘤胃内降解动力学评定分析[J].西北农业学报,2014,23(11):30-34.
[14]李晓燕.应用NRC和CNCPS体系评定陕北白绒山羊饲料营养价值的研究[D].硕士学位论文.杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2013.
[15]张文璐,李杰,吕元勋.体外产气法与尼龙袋法评定粗饲料干物质降解率的相关性分析[J].饲料工业,2009,30(7):30-32.
[16]林谦,戴求仲,蒋桂韬,等.玉米及其加工副产品的营养价值评定[J].中国饲料,2013(4):18-21.
[17]苏华维,刘丹丽,曹兵海,等.全乳添加小麦粉对荷斯坦公犊牛的屠宰性能及肉质的影响[J].中国农业大学学报,2008,13(6):66-70.
[18]刘洁.肉用绵羊饲料代谢能与代谢蛋白质预测模型的研究[D].博士学位论文.北京:中国农业科学院,2012.
[19]陶春卫.反刍动物常用粗饲料营养价值评定及其有效能值预测模型的建立[D].硕士学位论文.大庆:黑龙江八一农垦大学,2009.
[20]潘美娟,徐国忠,徐晓明,等.体外产气法与尼龙袋法评定不同粗饲料组合的TMR干物质降解率的相关性分析[C]//第五届中国奶业大会论文集.西安:中国奶业大会,2014.
[21]洪金锁,刘书杰,柴沙驼,等.体外产气法与尼龙袋法评定青海当地燕麦青干草营养价值[J].中国畜牧兽医,2009,36(3):36-38.
[22]NSAHLAI I V,SIAW D E K A,OSUJI P O.The relationships betw een gas production and chem ical composition of 23 brow ses of the genus Sesbania[J].Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture,1994,65(1):13-20.
[23]茹彩霞,昝林森,马陕红.模拟瘤胃条件下5种粗饲料干物质、中性洗涤纤维降解率的研究[J].中国畜牧杂志,2006,42(11):42-44.
[24]陈晓琳.肉羊常用粗饲料营养价值和瘤胃降解特性研究[D].硕士学位论文.青岛:青岛农业大学,2014.
[25]郭春燕,闫云峰,马全磊,等.基于体外瘤胃产气法评价四种精料的营养价值[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2016(11):148-150.
[2]李冰.新疆南疆区域生态环境与经济协调发展研究[D].硕士学位论文.阿拉尔:塔里木大学,2015.
[3]赵江波.肉用绵羊精料代谢能预测模型的研究[D].硕士学位论文.兰州:甘肃农业大学,2016.
[4]吴端钦.用CNCPS对羊常用几种精饲料营养价值评定及有效能值预测模型的研究[D].硕士学位论文.大庆:黑龙江八一农垦大学,2009.
[5]NORMAN H C,REVELL D K,MAYBERRY D E,et al.Com parison of in vivo organic m atter digestion of native Avstralian shrubs by sheep to in vitro and in sacco predictions[J].Sm all Rum inant Research,2010,91(1):69-80.
[6]任鹏,冯仰廉.体外持续发酵法评定反刍动物饲料干物质和蛋白质降解率的研究[J].动物营养学报,1989,1(1):16-17.
[7]张丽英.饲料分析及饲料质量检测技术[M].北京:中国农业大学出版社,2003.
[8]VAN SOEST P J.Development of a comprehensive system of feed analyses and its application to forages[J].Journal of Animalence,1967,26(1):119-128.
[9]MENKE K H,RAAB L,SALEWSKI A,et al.The estim ation of the digestibility and m etabolizable energy content of rum inant feeding stuffs from the gas production w hen they are incubated w ith rum en liquor in vitro[J].The Journal of Agricultural Science,1979,93(1):217-222.
[10]?RSKOV E R,MCDONALD I.The estimation of protein degradability in the rum en from incubation m easurem ents w eighted according to rate of passage[J].The Journal of Agricultural Science,1979,92(2):499-503.
[11]刁其玉.动物性蛋白质对反刍动物的营养[J].草食家畜,1990(6):32-35.
[12]李袁飞,郝建祥,马艳艳,等.体外瘤胃发酵法评定不同类型饲料的营养价值[J].动物营养学报,2013,25(10):2403-2413.
[13]孔平,陈傲东,赵伟利,等.玉米蛋白粉与豆粕在反刍动物瘤胃内降解动力学评定分析[J].西北农业学报,2014,23(11):30-34.
[14]李晓燕.应用NRC和CNCPS体系评定陕北白绒山羊饲料营养价值的研究[D].硕士学位论文.杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2013.
[15]张文璐,李杰,吕元勋.体外产气法与尼龙袋法评定粗饲料干物质降解率的相关性分析[J].饲料工业,2009,30(7):30-32.
[16]林谦,戴求仲,蒋桂韬,等.玉米及其加工副产品的营养价值评定[J].中国饲料,2013(4):18-21.
[17]苏华维,刘丹丽,曹兵海,等.全乳添加小麦粉对荷斯坦公犊牛的屠宰性能及肉质的影响[J].中国农业大学学报,2008,13(6):66-70.
[18]刘洁.肉用绵羊饲料代谢能与代谢蛋白质预测模型的研究[D].博士学位论文.北京:中国农业科学院,2012.
[19]陶春卫.反刍动物常用粗饲料营养价值评定及其有效能值预测模型的建立[D].硕士学位论文.大庆:黑龙江八一农垦大学,2009.
[20]潘美娟,徐国忠,徐晓明,等.体外产气法与尼龙袋法评定不同粗饲料组合的TMR干物质降解率的相关性分析[C]//第五届中国奶业大会论文集.西安:中国奶业大会,2014.
[21]洪金锁,刘书杰,柴沙驼,等.体外产气法与尼龙袋法评定青海当地燕麦青干草营养价值[J].中国畜牧兽医,2009,36(3):36-38.
[22]NSAHLAI I V,SIAW D E K A,OSUJI P O.The relationships betw een gas production and chem ical composition of 23 brow ses of the genus Sesbania[J].Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture,1994,65(1):13-20.
[23]茹彩霞,昝林森,马陕红.模拟瘤胃条件下5种粗饲料干物质、中性洗涤纤维降解率的研究[J].中国畜牧杂志,2006,42(11):42-44.
[24]陈晓琳.肉羊常用粗饲料营养价值和瘤胃降解特性研究[D].硕士学位论文.青岛:青岛农业大学,2014.
[25]郭春燕,闫云峰,马全磊,等.基于体外瘤胃产气法评价四种精料的营养价值[J].黑龙江畜牧兽医,2016(11):148-150.