系统工程在大型客机运行支持系统研制中的应用综述
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摘要
将商用飞机系统思想应用于产品运行支持系统研制过程中,从利益攸关方需要定义、功能分析、需求定义和适航约束限制、系统架构定义、接口定义、设计综合、验证确认到运行评审,完整地分析了产品运行支持系统研制的全过程,并给出产品运行支持系统全生命周期过程的模型与定义。该方法可以有效地将大型客机产品运行顶层需求分解至产品研制和运行支持系统研制需求中,并且通过过程集成以及技术集成将运行支持系统研制与飞机研制相结合,从而保证大型客机在满足适航型号合格审定(TC)和航空器评审(AEG)要求的同时,能够满足客户实际运行安全性和经济性需求。
Applying up-to-date system engineering approach to the development of commercial aircraft operation support system,this paper analyzes the complete process of operation support system development from stakeholder needs definition,function analysis,requirement definition and airworthiness constraints,system architecture definition,interface definition,design integration,verification & validation,and airworthiness operation review.A commercial aircraft operation support lifecycle process model is defined and illustrated.This approach effectively divides the top level aircraft operation requirements into the aircraft requirements and operation support system requirements.By combining the aircraft development process with the operation support system development process through process integration and technical integration,this approach ensures the commercial aircraft meets not only the requirements of Type Certificate(TC)and Aircraft Evaluation Group(AEG),but also the airlines' requirements of safety and economical operation.
Applying up-to-date system engineering approach to the development of commercial aircraft operation support system,this paper analyzes the complete process of operation support system development from stakeholder needs definition,function analysis,requirement definition and airworthiness constraints,system architecture definition,interface definition,design integration,verification & validation,and airworthiness operation review.A commercial aircraft operation support lifecycle process model is defined and illustrated.This approach effectively divides the top level aircraft operation requirements into the aircraft requirements and operation support system requirements.By combining the aircraft development process with the operation support system development process through process integration and technical integration,this approach ensures the commercial aircraft meets not only the requirements of Type Certificate(TC)and Aircraft Evaluation Group(AEG),but also the airlines' requirements of safety and economical operation.
引文
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[5]汉斯-亨利奇·阿尔特菲尔德.商用飞机项目——复杂高端产品的研发管理[M].唐长红,等,译,北京:航空工业出版社,2013:1-20.ALTFELD H H.Commercial aircraft projects—Managing the development of highly complex products[M].TANG C H,et al.,translated.Beijing:Aviation Industry Press,2013:1-20(in Chinese).
[6]贺东风,赵越让,钱仲焱,等.中国商用飞机有限责任公司系统工程手册[M].上海:上海交通大学出版社,2017:1-16.HE D F,ZHAO Y R,QIAN Z Y,et al.COMAC systems engineering manual[M].Shanghai:Shanghai Jiao Tong University Press,2017:1-16(in Chinese).
[7] SANDERS A,KLEIN J.Systems engineering framework for integrated product and industrial design including trade study optimization[J].Procedia Computer Science,2012,(2):413-419.
[8] INCOSE.System engineering handbook—A guide for system life cycle processes and activities[M].3rd ed.New York:John Wiley&Sons,Inc.,2006:1-60.
[9] ATA.Operator/manufacturer scheduled maintenance development:ATA MSG-3[S].Washington,D.C.:Air Transport Association of America Inc.,2011.
[10] ATA.Aviation industry standards for digital information security:ATA Specification 42(Spec 42)[S].Washington,D.C.:Air Transport Association of America Inc.,2010.
[11] ATA.Ground equipment technical data:ATA Specification 101(Spec 101)[S].Washington,D.C.:Air Transport Association of America Inc.,1986.
[12] ATA.E-business specification materiel’s management:ATA Specification 2000(Spec 2000)[S].Washington,D.C.:Air Transport Association of America Inc.,2009.
[13] ATA.Information standards for aviation maintenance:ATA Specification 2200(Spec 2200)[S].Washington,D.C.:Air Transport Association of America Inc.,2000.
[14] ATA.Data exchange standard for flight operations:ATA Specification 2300(Spec 2300)[S].Washington,D.C.:Air Transport Association of America Inc.,1999.
[15] ATA.World airlines and suppliers guide[S].Washington,D.C.:Air Transport Association of America Inc.,2015.
[16] ASD,AIA,ATA.International specification for technical publications utilizing a common source database(Issue 4.2):S1000D[S].Brussel:Aerospace and Defense Industries Association of Europe;Arlington:Aerospace Industries Association;Washington,D.C.:Air Transport Association of America Inc.,2016.
[17] ASD.International specification for material management(Issue 6.0):S2000M[S].Brussel:Aerospace and Defense Industries Association of Europe,2015.
[18] ASD,AIA.International procedure specification for logistic support analysis(Issue 1.1):S3000L[S].Brussel:Aerospace and Defense Industries Association of Europe;Arlington:Aerospace Industries Association,2014.
[19] ASD,AIA.International specification for developing and continuously improving preventive maintenance(Issue 1.0):S4000P[S].Brussel:Aerospace and Defense Industries Association of Europe;Arlington:Aerospace Industries Association,2014.
[20] ASD,AIA.International specification for in-service data feedback(Issue 1.0):S5000F[S].Brussel:Aerospace and Defense Industries Association of Europe;Arlington:Aerospace Industries Association,2016.
[21] IATA.Flight simulation training device design&performance data requirements[S].7th ed.Montreal:The International Air Transport Association,2009.
[22] ARINC.Guidance for design of aircraft equipment and software for use in training device:ARINIC 610C[S].Annapolis:Aeronautical Radio Inc.,2009.