改性硅酸钙对Cd~(2+)的吸附性能及其对Cd污染土壤的修复潜力
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摘要
通过吸附-解吸实验和土柱淋溶实验,研究了改性硅酸钙对镉(Cd~(2+))的吸附性能及对Cd污染土壤的钝化效果。结果表明,改性硅酸钙对Cd~(2+)有较强的吸附能力,其吸附平衡时间在60 min左右,对溶液pH有较宽的适应范围,且当pH呈中性时,对Cd~(2+)的吸附效果最好。由Langmuir模型拟合结果可知,改性硅酸钙对Cd~(2+)的饱和吸附容量可达441.55 mg·g-1。改性硅酸钙对Cd~(2+)有较好的吸附稳定性,适合用于Cd污染土壤的修复。土柱淋溶实验表明,改性硅酸钙对Cd污染土壤的钝化效果明显,不仅降低淋溶液Cd~(2+)含量,使淋溶液Cd~(2+)累积量显著降低47.01%,还使土壤CaCl2-Cd浓度显著降低94.4%,并促使土壤易溶态Cd向难溶态Cd转变。
The Cd~(2+)adsorption performance of modified calcium silicate and its passivation effect on Cd contaminated soil were studied by adsorption-desorption experiment and soil column leaching experiment. The results showed that the modified calcium silicate had a strong performance on Cd~(2+)adsorption, and its adsorption equilibrium time was about 60 min. It had a wide adaptability to the solution pH, and the maximum Cd~(2+)adsorption capacity occurred at neutral pH. The saturated adsorption capacity of modified calcium silicate to Cd~(2+)could reach 441.55 mg·g-1 based on the fitting results with Langmuir model. In addition, the modified calcium silicate presented a good adsorption stability to Cd~(2+), and was suitable for Cd contaminated soil remediation. Soil column leaching experiments showed that the modified calcium silicate had a significant effect on Cd contaminated soil passivation, which not only reduced the Cd~(2+)concentration of the leaching solution, but also significantly reduced the Cd~(2+)accumulation in the leaching solution by 47.01%, and the CaCl2-Cd concentration in soil by 94.4%, and promoted the transformation of soluble Cd species to insoluble Cd species in soil. It was shown that modified calcium silicate can be used for Cd contaminated soil remediation.
The Cd~(2+)adsorption performance of modified calcium silicate and its passivation effect on Cd contaminated soil were studied by adsorption-desorption experiment and soil column leaching experiment. The results showed that the modified calcium silicate had a strong performance on Cd~(2+)adsorption, and its adsorption equilibrium time was about 60 min. It had a wide adaptability to the solution pH, and the maximum Cd~(2+)adsorption capacity occurred at neutral pH. The saturated adsorption capacity of modified calcium silicate to Cd~(2+)could reach 441.55 mg·g-1 based on the fitting results with Langmuir model. In addition, the modified calcium silicate presented a good adsorption stability to Cd~(2+), and was suitable for Cd contaminated soil remediation. Soil column leaching experiments showed that the modified calcium silicate had a significant effect on Cd contaminated soil passivation, which not only reduced the Cd~(2+)concentration of the leaching solution, but also significantly reduced the Cd~(2+)accumulation in the leaching solution by 47.01%, and the CaCl2-Cd concentration in soil by 94.4%, and promoted the transformation of soluble Cd species to insoluble Cd species in soil. It was shown that modified calcium silicate can be used for Cd contaminated soil remediation.
引文
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[14]黄辉,宁西翠,郭瞻宇,等.多孔SBA-15颗粒对Cd(Ⅱ)的吸附缝合及其对土壤Cd(Ⅱ)的修复潜力[J].环境科学,2017,38(1):374-381.
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[17]武成辉,李亮,雷畅,等.硅酸盐钝化剂在土壤重金属污染修复中的研究与应用[J].土壤,2017,49(3):446-452.
[18]刘立华,杨刚刚,王易峰,等.模板法合成介孔硅酸钙及其对重金属离子的吸附性能[J].环境化学,2016,35(9):1943-1951.
[19]赵越,郑欣,徐畅,等.改性硅酸钙(CSH)对重金属废水中Ni2+的吸附特性研究[J].安全与环境学报,2017,17(5):1904-1908.
[20]王文波,田光燕,王丹丹,等.低品位凹凸棒石黏土水热合成介孔硅酸盐吸附剂[J].硅酸盐通报,2017,36(7):2379-2386.
[21]梁美娜,张涛,王敦球,等.生物质吸附剂去除废水中镉的研究进展[J].桂林理工大学学报,2017,37(4):676-681.
[22]中华人民共和国国家市场监督管理总局,生态环境部.土壤环境质量农用地土壤污染风险管控标准(试行):GB15618-2018[S].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2018.
[23]张丽娜,宗良纲,任偲,等.硅对低镉污染水平下水稻幼苗生长及吸收镉的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2007,26(2):494-499.
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[25]杨金梅,吕建波,李莞璐,等.壳聚糖载纳米羟基氧化铁对水中磷的吸附[J].环境工程学报,2018,12(5):1286-1294.
[26]马天行,杨琛,江鲜英,等.纳米零价铁改性氨基生物炭的制备及对Cd(Ⅱ)的吸附和解吸特性[J].环境工程学报,2016,10(10):5433-5439.
[27]ZHAO Y,CHEN H,YAN Q.Enhanced phosphate removal during the simultaneous adsorption of phosphate and Ni2+from electroless nickel wastewater by calcium silicate hydrate(CSH)[J].Environmental Technology&Innovation,2017,8:141-149.
[28]仇欢,王凤贺,李卉,等.不同膨润土对含镉废水的吸附性能[J].环境工程学报,2016,10(11):6513-6518.
[29]李璐玮,祝方,任腾飞,等.表面印迹材料对水中Cd(Ⅱ)的吸附动力学[J].环境化学,2016,35(4):793-799.
[30]邓潇,周航,陈珊,等.改性玉米秸秆炭和花生壳炭对溶液中Cd2+的吸附[J].环境工程学报,2016,10(11):6325-6331.
[31]苏鹃,伍钧,杨刚,等.改性白果壳对水溶液中重金属镉的吸附研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2014,33(6):1218-1225.
[32]ZHOU Q W,LIAO B H,LIN L N,et al.Adsorption of Cu(II)and Cd(II)from aqueous solutions by ferromanganese binary oxide-biochar composites[J].Science of the Total Environment,2018,615:115-122.
[33]李如艳,崔红标,刘笑生,等.模拟酸雨对磷酸二氢钾钝化污染土壤Cu、Cd、Pb和P释放的影响[J].环境工程学报,2018,12(1):227-234.
[34]CUI H B,ZHANG S W,LI R Y,et al.Leaching of Cu,Cd,Pb,and phosphorus and their availability in the phosphate-amended contaminated soils under simulated acid rain[J].Environmental Science and Pollution Research,2017,24(26):21128-21137.
[35]陶权,姚景,何树福,等.模拟酸雨条件下改性沸石对污染土Pb、Zn的淋溶效应[J].水土保持学报,2015,29(5):304-308.
[36]中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局,中国国家标准化管理委员会.地下水质量标准:GB/T 14848-2017[S].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2017.
[37]ZHAO C C,REN S X,ZUO Q Q,et al.Effect of nanohydroxyapatite on cadmium leaching and environmental risks under simulated acid rain[J].Science of the Total Environment,2018,627:553-560.
[38]郑顺安,陈春,郑向群,等.模拟降雨条件下22种典型土壤镉的淋溶特征及影响因子分析[J].环境化学,2013,32(5):867-873.
[2]XU C,CHEN H X,XIANG Q,et al.Effect of peanut shell and wheat straw biochar on the availability of Cd and Pb in a soilrice(Oryza sativa L.)system[J].Environmental Science and Pollution Research,2017,25(2):1147-1156.
[3]HUANG Q Q,YU Y,WAN Y N,et al.Effects of continuous fertilization on bioavailability and fractionation of cadmium in soil and its uptake by rice(Oryza sativa L.)[J].Journal of Environmental Management,2018,215:13-21.
[4]KHALID S,SHAHID M,NIAZI N K,et al.A comparison of technologies for remediation of heavy metal contaminated soils[J].Journal of Geochemical Exploration,2017,182:247-268.
[5]KHAN M A,KHAN S,KHAN A,et al.Soil contamination with cadmium,consequences and remediation using organic amendments[J].Science of the Total Environment,2017,601-602:1591-1605.
[6]BOLAN N,KUNHIKRISHNAN A,THANGARAJAN R,et al.Remediation of heavy metal(loid)s contaminated soils:To mobilize or to immobilize[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2014,266(4):141-166.
[7]WU Y J,ZHOU H,ZOU Z J,et al.A three-year in-situ study on the persistence of a combined amendment(limestone+sepiolite)for remedying paddy soil polluted with heavy metals[J].Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety,2016,130:163-170.
[8]辜娇峰,周航,杨文弢,等.复合改良剂对镉砷化学形态及在水稻中累积转运的调控[J].土壤学报,2016,53(6):1576-1585.
[9]GU J F,ZHOU H,YANG W T,et al.Effects of an additive(hydroxyapatite-biochar-zeolite)on the chemical speciation of Cd and As in paddy soils and their accumulation and translocation in rice plants[J].Environmental Science and Pollution Research,2018,25(4):1-12.
[10]HUANG M,ZHU Y,LI Z W,et al.Compost as a soil amendment to remediate heavy metal-contaminated agricultural soil:Mechanisms,efficacy,problems,and strategies[J].Water,Air&Soil Pollution,2016,227(10):359-376.
[11]ZHANG X K,WANG H L,HE L Z,et al.Using biochar for remediation of soils contaminated with heavy metals and organic pollutants[J].Environmental Science and Pollution Research,2013,20(12):8472-8483.
[12]LI L Y,HU J W,SHI X D,et al.Nanoscale zero-valent metals:A review of synthesis,characterization,and applications to environmental remediation[J].Environmental Science and Pollution Research,2016,23(18):17880-17900.
[13]王林,徐应明,梁学峰,等.新型杂化材料钝化修复镉铅复合污染土壤的效应与机制研究[J].环境科学,2011,32(2):581-588.
[14]黄辉,宁西翠,郭瞻宇,等.多孔SBA-15颗粒对Cd(Ⅱ)的吸附缝合及其对土壤Cd(Ⅱ)的修复潜力[J].环境科学,2017,38(1):374-381.
[15]LI P,WANG X X,ZHANG T L,et al.Effects of several amendments on rice growth and uptake of copper and cadmium from a contaninated soil[J].Journal of Environmental Sciences,2008,20(4):449-455.
[16]LU H P,ZHUANG P,LI Z A,et al.Contrasting effects of silicates on cadmium uptake by three dicotyledonous crops grown in contaminated soil[J].Environmental Science and Pollution Research,2014,21(16):9921-9930.
[17]武成辉,李亮,雷畅,等.硅酸盐钝化剂在土壤重金属污染修复中的研究与应用[J].土壤,2017,49(3):446-452.
[18]刘立华,杨刚刚,王易峰,等.模板法合成介孔硅酸钙及其对重金属离子的吸附性能[J].环境化学,2016,35(9):1943-1951.
[19]赵越,郑欣,徐畅,等.改性硅酸钙(CSH)对重金属废水中Ni2+的吸附特性研究[J].安全与环境学报,2017,17(5):1904-1908.
[20]王文波,田光燕,王丹丹,等.低品位凹凸棒石黏土水热合成介孔硅酸盐吸附剂[J].硅酸盐通报,2017,36(7):2379-2386.
[21]梁美娜,张涛,王敦球,等.生物质吸附剂去除废水中镉的研究进展[J].桂林理工大学学报,2017,37(4):676-681.
[22]中华人民共和国国家市场监督管理总局,生态环境部.土壤环境质量农用地土壤污染风险管控标准(试行):GB15618-2018[S].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2018.
[23]张丽娜,宗良纲,任偲,等.硅对低镉污染水平下水稻幼苗生长及吸收镉的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2007,26(2):494-499.
[24]TESSIER A,CAMPBELL P G C,BISSON M.Sequential extraction procedure for the speciation of particulate trace metals[J].Analytical Chemistry,1979,51(7):844-851.
[25]杨金梅,吕建波,李莞璐,等.壳聚糖载纳米羟基氧化铁对水中磷的吸附[J].环境工程学报,2018,12(5):1286-1294.
[26]马天行,杨琛,江鲜英,等.纳米零价铁改性氨基生物炭的制备及对Cd(Ⅱ)的吸附和解吸特性[J].环境工程学报,2016,10(10):5433-5439.
[27]ZHAO Y,CHEN H,YAN Q.Enhanced phosphate removal during the simultaneous adsorption of phosphate and Ni2+from electroless nickel wastewater by calcium silicate hydrate(CSH)[J].Environmental Technology&Innovation,2017,8:141-149.
[28]仇欢,王凤贺,李卉,等.不同膨润土对含镉废水的吸附性能[J].环境工程学报,2016,10(11):6513-6518.
[29]李璐玮,祝方,任腾飞,等.表面印迹材料对水中Cd(Ⅱ)的吸附动力学[J].环境化学,2016,35(4):793-799.
[30]邓潇,周航,陈珊,等.改性玉米秸秆炭和花生壳炭对溶液中Cd2+的吸附[J].环境工程学报,2016,10(11):6325-6331.
[31]苏鹃,伍钧,杨刚,等.改性白果壳对水溶液中重金属镉的吸附研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2014,33(6):1218-1225.
[32]ZHOU Q W,LIAO B H,LIN L N,et al.Adsorption of Cu(II)and Cd(II)from aqueous solutions by ferromanganese binary oxide-biochar composites[J].Science of the Total Environment,2018,615:115-122.
[33]李如艳,崔红标,刘笑生,等.模拟酸雨对磷酸二氢钾钝化污染土壤Cu、Cd、Pb和P释放的影响[J].环境工程学报,2018,12(1):227-234.
[34]CUI H B,ZHANG S W,LI R Y,et al.Leaching of Cu,Cd,Pb,and phosphorus and their availability in the phosphate-amended contaminated soils under simulated acid rain[J].Environmental Science and Pollution Research,2017,24(26):21128-21137.
[35]陶权,姚景,何树福,等.模拟酸雨条件下改性沸石对污染土Pb、Zn的淋溶效应[J].水土保持学报,2015,29(5):304-308.
[36]中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局,中国国家标准化管理委员会.地下水质量标准:GB/T 14848-2017[S].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2017.
[37]ZHAO C C,REN S X,ZUO Q Q,et al.Effect of nanohydroxyapatite on cadmium leaching and environmental risks under simulated acid rain[J].Science of the Total Environment,2018,627:553-560.
[38]郑顺安,陈春,郑向群,等.模拟降雨条件下22种典型土壤镉的淋溶特征及影响因子分析[J].环境化学,2013,32(5):867-873.