干旱气候环境下小型冲积扇—辫状河沉积特征——以坎苏瓦特剖面紫泥泉子组为例
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摘要
为了认识准噶尔盆地南缘古近系沉积体系,以盆地南缘坎苏瓦特剖面古近系紫泥泉子组露头为研究对象,通过地球化学元素分析、沉积构造特征观察及地层实测,分析古气候条件、建立岩性序列、总结岩石相类型及其组合特征、明确沉积体系,建立沉积模式。结果表明:坎苏瓦特剖面紫泥泉子组发育一类干旱气候环境下的冲积扇—辫状河沉积体系,受气候影响显著,与潮湿环境下形成的冲积扇—辫状河沉积体系相比,砂地比明显偏低;冲积扇扇体具有规模局限、叠置频繁、隔夹层广泛发育的特点;辫状河具有改道频繁、持续时间短、延伸距离有限的特点。该研究结果对认识准噶尔盆地南缘古近系沉积体系具有参考意义。
The outcrop of Ziniquanzi unit from Kansuwate section was chosen to study for improving the research of the depositional systems in southern margin of Junggar basin. All of the paleo sedimentary environment,the lithologic sequence,the type of lithofacies,the depositional systems and the depositional model have been cleared based on analysis of geochemical element,sedimentary structure and actual measurement of field section. We believe that from Niquanzi unit of Kansuwate section developed a alluvial fan braided stream sedimentary system under arid climate environment. This sedimentary system is remarkably affected by climate and has significant differences with alluvial fan braided stream sedimentary system under humid environment. Clearly on the low side,compared with soorgorica,limited distribution of alluvial fan with constant overlies and has features of widespread development of arrier beds and interbeds; braided stream is characterized by constant re-channels,limited duration and extending distance. Based on the fact that typical sedimentary characteristics are clear,we have further discussed the sedimentary model of this sedimentary system and analyzed reasons of its formation.
The outcrop of Ziniquanzi unit from Kansuwate section was chosen to study for improving the research of the depositional systems in southern margin of Junggar basin. All of the paleo sedimentary environment,the lithologic sequence,the type of lithofacies,the depositional systems and the depositional model have been cleared based on analysis of geochemical element,sedimentary structure and actual measurement of field section. We believe that from Niquanzi unit of Kansuwate section developed a alluvial fan braided stream sedimentary system under arid climate environment. This sedimentary system is remarkably affected by climate and has significant differences with alluvial fan braided stream sedimentary system under humid environment. Clearly on the low side,compared with soorgorica,limited distribution of alluvial fan with constant overlies and has features of widespread development of arrier beds and interbeds; braided stream is characterized by constant re-channels,limited duration and extending distance. Based on the fact that typical sedimentary characteristics are clear,we have further discussed the sedimentary model of this sedimentary system and analyzed reasons of its formation.
引文
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[15]阙薇.扬子地台西缘二叠—三叠系界线地层微量元素地球化学特征研究[D].成都:成都理工大学,2008.Que Wei.Geochemical characteristics of trace element of Permian-Triassic boundary strata in western margin of Yangtze block[D].Chengdu:Chengdu University of Technology,2008.
[16]黄春菊,陈开远.盐湖盆地层序地层特征[J].石油与天然气地质,2002,23(2):134-138.Huang Chunju,Chen Kaiyuan.Characteristics of sequence stratigraphy in the saline lake basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2002,23(2):134-138.
[17]于兴河,瞿建华,谭鹏程,等.玛湖凹陷百口泉组扇三角洲砾岩岩相及成因模式[J].新疆石油地质,2014,35(6):619-627.Yu Xinghe,Qu Jianhua,Tan Pengcheng,et al.Conglomerate lithofacies and origin models of fan deltas of Baikouquan formation in Mahu sag,Junggar basin[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2014,35(6):619-627.
[18]谭鹏程,于兴河,李胜利,等.辫状河—曲流河转换模式探讨——以准噶尔盆地南缘头屯河组露头为例[J].沉积学报,2014,32(3):450-458.Tan Pengcheng,Yu Xinghe,Li Shengli,et al.Discussion on the model of braided river transform to meandering river:As an example of toutunhe formation in southern Junggar basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinca,2014,32(3):450-458.
[19]邢宝荣.辫状河储层地质知识库构建方法——以大庆长垣油田喇萨区块葡一组储层为例[J].东北石油大学学报,2014,38(6):46-53.Xing Baorong.Establishment of the braided river reservoir geology bank and its application:Daqing Changyuan oilfield La-Sa piece of Pu1as an example[J].Journal of Northeast Petroleum University,2014,38(6):46-53.
[2]杨凡.准噶尔盆地四棵树凹陷古近系紫泥泉子组油气储层综合评价[D].荆州:长江大学,2014.Yang Fan.Evaluation of Ziniquanzi reservoir in Sikeshu sag in Junggar basin[D].Jingzhou:Yangtze University,2014.
[3]李博.准噶尔盆地南缘紫泥泉子组沉积特征研究[D].青岛:中国石油大学(华东),2014.Li Bo.Sedimentary characteristics study of the Ziniquanzi formation in the southern margin of Junggar basin[D].Qingdao:China University of Petroleum(East China),2014.
[4]沈玉林,郭英海,李壮福,等.准南山前断褶带紫泥泉子组层序地层及岩相古地理[J].新疆石油地质,2006,27(2):169-172.Shen Yulin,Guo Yinghai,Li Zhuangfu,et al.Sequence stratigraphy and lithofacies paleogeography in Ziniquanzi formation in piedmont fault-fold belt,southern margin of Junggar basin[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2006,27(2):169-172.
[5]高志勇,韩国猛,朱如凯,等.准噶尔盆地南缘古近纪—新近纪前陆盆地沉积格局与演变[J].古地理学报,2009,11(5):491-502.Gao Zhiyong,Han Guomeng,Zhu Rukai,et al.Depositional setting and evolution of the Paleogene-Neogene foreland basin oif southern margin of Junggar basin[J].Journal of Palaeogeography,2009,11(5):491-502.
[6]王千军.准噶尔盆地车排子地区白垩系沉积特征及演化[J].东北石油大学学报,2015,39(2):51-59.Wang Qianjun.Deposition characteristics and evolution of the Cretaceous system of Chepaizi area in Junggar basin[J].Journal of Northeast Petroleum University,2015,39(2):51-59.
[7]向辉,康永尚,陈春勇.准噶尔盆地北三台西斜坡岩性和复合圈闭预测[J].特种油气藏,2015,22(4):12-15.Xiang Hui,Kang Yongshang,Chen Chunyong.Prediction of lithologic and lithologic-structural traps in the Beisantai West Slope,the Junggar basin[J].Special Oil&Gas Reservoirs,2015,22(4):12-15.
[8]沈扬,李晓剑,贾凡建,等.准噶尔西北缘风城期构造沉积格局及源岩分布[J].特种油气藏,2015,22(4):16-19.Shen Yang,Li Xiaojian,Jia Fanjian,et al.Structural sedimentary pattern and source rock distribution of Fengcheng formation at northwestern margin of the Junggar basin[J].Special Oil&Gas Reservoirs,2015,22(4):16-19.
[9]张大权,邹妞妞,姜杨,等.准噶尔盆地北三台凸起芦草沟组低渗储层评价[J].特种油气藏,2015,22(1):46-51.Zhang Daquan,Zou Niuniu,Jiang Yang,et al.Evaluation on low-permeability reservoir in Lucaogou formation,Beisantai Bulge,Junggar basin[J].Special Oil&Gas Reservoirs,2015,22(1):46-51.
[10]万力,李胜利,于兴河,等.坡折带对陆相湖盆辫状河三角洲层序和沉积的控制——以准噶尔盆地东缘三工河组为例[J].东北石油大学学报,2015,39(1):24-32.Wan Li,Li Shengli,Yu Xinghe,et al.Effect of slope-breaks on the sequence stratigraphy and sedimentation of lacustrine delta:A case of sangonghe formation in the eastern Junggar basin[J].Journal of Northeast Petroleum University,2015,39(1):24-32.
[11]刘刚,周东升.微量元素分析在判别沉积环境中的应用——以汉江盆地潜江组为例[J].石油实验地质,2007,29(3):307-314.Liu Gang,Zhou Dongsheng.Application of microelements analysis in indentifying sedimentary environment:Taking Qianjiang formationin the Jianghan basin as an expmple[J].Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2007,29(3):307-314.
[12]程岳宏,于兴河.东濮凹陷北部古近系沙三段地球化学特征及地质意义[J].中国地质,2010,37(2):357-363.Cheng Yuehong,Yu Xinghe.Geochemical characteristics of the 3rd member of Paleogene Shahejie formation in Dongpu depression and their geological implications[J].Geology in China,2010,37(2):357-363.
[13]莱尔曼.湖泊的化学地质学和物理学[M].王苏民,译.北京:地质出版社,1989.Lerman A.Lake chemistry geology and physics[M].Wang Sumin,trans.Beijing:Geology Press,1989.
[14]吴朝东,陈其英.湘西黑色岩系地球化学特征和成因意义[J].矿物岩石学杂志,1999,18(1):26-39.Wu Chaodong,Chen Qiying.The originand geochemical characteristics of upper sinainlower cambrian black shales in western Hunan[J].Acta Pertologica et Mineralogica,1999,18(1):26-39.
[15]阙薇.扬子地台西缘二叠—三叠系界线地层微量元素地球化学特征研究[D].成都:成都理工大学,2008.Que Wei.Geochemical characteristics of trace element of Permian-Triassic boundary strata in western margin of Yangtze block[D].Chengdu:Chengdu University of Technology,2008.
[16]黄春菊,陈开远.盐湖盆地层序地层特征[J].石油与天然气地质,2002,23(2):134-138.Huang Chunju,Chen Kaiyuan.Characteristics of sequence stratigraphy in the saline lake basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2002,23(2):134-138.
[17]于兴河,瞿建华,谭鹏程,等.玛湖凹陷百口泉组扇三角洲砾岩岩相及成因模式[J].新疆石油地质,2014,35(6):619-627.Yu Xinghe,Qu Jianhua,Tan Pengcheng,et al.Conglomerate lithofacies and origin models of fan deltas of Baikouquan formation in Mahu sag,Junggar basin[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2014,35(6):619-627.
[18]谭鹏程,于兴河,李胜利,等.辫状河—曲流河转换模式探讨——以准噶尔盆地南缘头屯河组露头为例[J].沉积学报,2014,32(3):450-458.Tan Pengcheng,Yu Xinghe,Li Shengli,et al.Discussion on the model of braided river transform to meandering river:As an example of toutunhe formation in southern Junggar basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinca,2014,32(3):450-458.
[19]邢宝荣.辫状河储层地质知识库构建方法——以大庆长垣油田喇萨区块葡一组储层为例[J].东北石油大学学报,2014,38(6):46-53.Xing Baorong.Establishment of the braided river reservoir geology bank and its application:Daqing Changyuan oilfield La-Sa piece of Pu1as an example[J].Journal of Northeast Petroleum University,2014,38(6):46-53.