基于中红外吸收光谱技术的燃烧场CO浓度测量研究
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摘要
燃烧场组分的测量对于燃烧诊断具有重要的研究意义。基于可调谐激光吸收光谱(TLAS)技术,采用中红外带间级联激光器(ICL)扫描一氧化碳(CO)的2060cm~(-1)(v=1←0,P20)吸收谱线,实现了对燃烧场CO浓度的测量。实验通过燃烧产物H2O的7154.35cm~(-1)和7467.77cm~(-1)吸收谱线的谱线强度比值反演燃烧场温度,以此修正测量环境下CO谱线强度参数,实现CO浓度的精确测量。首先介绍了TLAS测温验证实验,温度测量在各个设置温度台阶下的波动均小于45K,温度测量具有可靠性;其次开展CO浓度测量标定实验,CO测量浓度与标准气体浓度的误差在3%以内;最后针对甲烷/空气平焰炉在不同燃烧状态下进行CO浓度测量,实现0.35‰~4.5%范围内CO浓度的测量,检测灵敏度为0.035‰。实验验证了中红外吸收光谱技术实现燃烧场组分浓度测量的可行性和可靠性,有助于燃烧诊断的研究,具有较大的应用价值。
The measurement of combustion components is significant for diagnosis of combustion.The study on measurement of carbon monoxide(CO)concentration in combustion field is realized with mid-infrared inter-band cascade lasers(ICL)at 2060 cm~(-1)(v=1←0,P20)to cover CO absorption line based on tunable laser absorption spectroscopy(TLAS)technology.In the experiment,the spectral line strength ratio between a pair of absorptions of water vapor(7154.35 cm~(-1) and 7467.77 cm~(-1)),for H2 O is the product of combustion process,is used to calculate the combustion temperature,that is used to correct spectral line strength of CO to achieve accurate measurement of CO concentration.Firstly,the TLAS temperature verification test is introduced,and the results show that the fluctuation of the test temperature is less than 45 Kat each set temperature step,which indicates temperature measurement is reliable.Secondly,the calibration experiment of CO concentration measurement is carried out,and measurement error of CO concentration is under 3% compared with standard gas concentration.Finally,the experiment achieves the CO concentration at the range of 0.35‰-4.5% on methane/air flat flame furnace under different combustion conditions,with a detection limit of 0.035‰.The experiment proves the feasibility and reliability of mid-infrared absorption spectroscopy technology to measure the concentration components of combustion field,which is helpful to the study of combustion diagnosis and has great application value.
The measurement of combustion components is significant for diagnosis of combustion.The study on measurement of carbon monoxide(CO)concentration in combustion field is realized with mid-infrared inter-band cascade lasers(ICL)at 2060 cm~(-1)(v=1←0,P20)to cover CO absorption line based on tunable laser absorption spectroscopy(TLAS)technology.In the experiment,the spectral line strength ratio between a pair of absorptions of water vapor(7154.35 cm~(-1) and 7467.77 cm~(-1)),for H2 O is the product of combustion process,is used to calculate the combustion temperature,that is used to correct spectral line strength of CO to achieve accurate measurement of CO concentration.Firstly,the TLAS temperature verification test is introduced,and the results show that the fluctuation of the test temperature is less than 45 Kat each set temperature step,which indicates temperature measurement is reliable.Secondly,the calibration experiment of CO concentration measurement is carried out,and measurement error of CO concentration is under 3% compared with standard gas concentration.Finally,the experiment achieves the CO concentration at the range of 0.35‰-4.5% on methane/air flat flame furnace under different combustion conditions,with a detection limit of 0.035‰.The experiment proves the feasibility and reliability of mid-infrared absorption spectroscopy technology to measure the concentration components of combustion field,which is helpful to the study of combustion diagnosis and has great application value.
引文
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[11]Cui H B,Wang F,Li M Y.Measurements of CO2temperature and concentration in high temperature environment based on tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy[J].Laser&Optoelectronics Progress,2017,54(8):083003.崔海滨,王飞,李玫仪.基于TDLAS技术同时测量高温环境中CO2的温度和浓度[J].激光与光电子学进展,2017,54(8):083003.
[12]Kan R F,Liu W Q,Zhang Y J,et al.Absorption measurements of ambient methane with tunable diode laser[J].Acta Physica Sinica,2005,54(4):1927-1930.阚瑞峰,刘文清,张玉钧,等.可调谐二极管激光吸收光谱法测量环境空气中的甲烷含量[J].物理学报,2005,54(4):1927-1930.
[13]Peng D,Jin Y,Zhai C.Reconstruction algorithms for 2D temperature field based on TDLAS[J].Chinese Journal of Lasers,2016,43(11):1111002.彭冬,金熠,翟超.基于TDLAS的二维温度场重建算法[J].中国激光,2016,43(11):1111002.
[14]Nguyen Q V,Edgar B L,Dibble R W,et al.Experimental and numerical comparison of extractive and in situ laser measurements of non-equilibrium carbon monoxide in lean-premixed natural gas combustion[J].Combust and Flame,1995,100(3):395-406.
[15]Bernard L U,David M S,Mark G A.Measurements of CO,CO2,OH,and H2O in room temperature and combustion gases by use of a broadly current-tuned multi section InGaAsP diode laser[J].Applied Optics,1999,38(9):1506-1512.
[16]Mihalcea R M,Baer D S,Hanson R K.A diode-laser absorption sensor system for combustion emission measurements[J].Measurement Science and Technology,1998,9(3):327-338.
[17]Ebert V,Teichert H,Strauch P,et al.Sensitive in situ detection of CO and O2in a rotary kiln-based hazardous waste incinerator using 760nm and new2.3μm diode lasers[J].Proceedings of the Combustion Institute,2005,30(1):1611-1618.
[18]Zhou X,Jeffries J B,Hanson R K.Development of a fast temperature sensor for combustion gases using a single tunable diode laser[J].Applied Physics B,2005,81(5):711-722.
[19]Zhang G L.Research on measurement method for one-dimensional temperature non-uniformity based on multiple-line[D].Hefei:University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,2016.张光乐.基于多吸收线TDLAS的一维温度不均匀性测量方法研究[D].合肥:中国科学院大学,2016.
[2]Xu Z Y,Liu W Q,Kan R F,et al.Temperature measurements based on tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy[J].Acta Physica Sinica,2013,61(23):234204.许振宇,刘文清,阚瑞峰,等.基于可调谐半导体激光器吸收光谱的温度测量方法研究[J].物理学报,2012,61(23):234204.
[3]Liu H M,Lok Y L,Wei R.Non-uniform temperature and species concentration measurements in a laminar flame using multi-band infrared absorption spectroscopy[J].Applied Physics B,2017,123:83.
[4]Yu X Y,Zuo S F,Lu J H,et al.Determination of the trace CO,CH4,CO2in gas by gas chromatography[J].Low Temperature and Specialty Gases,2014,32(5):20-23.于晓艳,左世芳,卢菊花,等.气体中微量一氧化碳、甲烷、二氧化碳的气相色谱分析[J].低温与特气,2014,32(5):20-23.
[5]Schulz C,Sick V.Tracer-LIF diagnostics:quantitative measurement of fuel concentration,temperature and fuel/air ratio in practical combustion systems[J].Progress in Energy and Combustion Science,2005,31(1):75-121.
[6]Alan C E,Gregory M D,John H S,et al.CARStemperature and species measurements in augmented jet engine exhausts[J].Applied Optics,1984,23(9):1329-1340.
[7]Zhang L R,Hu Z Y,Zhang Z R,et al.Temperature measurement in stable combustion field with onedimensional used CARS[J].High Power Laser and Particle Beams,2006,18(12):2035-2038.张立荣,胡志云,张振荣,等.一维非稳腔空间增强探测CARS技术对稳态燃烧场温度的测量[J].强激光与粒子束,2006,18(12):2035-2038.
[8]Michael E,Douglas S,Hanson R K,et al.In situ combustion measurements of CO,CO2,H2O and temperature using diode laser absorption sensors[J].28th International Symposium on Combustion,2000:407-413.
[9]Xu Z Y.Research on temperature measurement and2Ddistribution for transient combustion process by infrared absorption spectroscopy[D].Hefei:Hefei Institutes of Physical Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,2012.许振宇.瞬态燃烧过程红外激光光谱温度场测量与重构方法研究[D].合肥:中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院,2012.
[10]Li F,Yu X L,Chen L H,et al.Temperature and water vapour concentration measurements of CH4/Air premixed flat flame based on TDLAS[J].Journal of Experiments in Fluid Mechanics,2009,23(2):40-44.李飞,余西龙,陈立红,等.TDLAS测量甲烷/空气预混平面火焰温度和H2O浓度[J].实验流体力学,2009,23(2):40-44.
[11]Cui H B,Wang F,Li M Y.Measurements of CO2temperature and concentration in high temperature environment based on tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy[J].Laser&Optoelectronics Progress,2017,54(8):083003.崔海滨,王飞,李玫仪.基于TDLAS技术同时测量高温环境中CO2的温度和浓度[J].激光与光电子学进展,2017,54(8):083003.
[12]Kan R F,Liu W Q,Zhang Y J,et al.Absorption measurements of ambient methane with tunable diode laser[J].Acta Physica Sinica,2005,54(4):1927-1930.阚瑞峰,刘文清,张玉钧,等.可调谐二极管激光吸收光谱法测量环境空气中的甲烷含量[J].物理学报,2005,54(4):1927-1930.
[13]Peng D,Jin Y,Zhai C.Reconstruction algorithms for 2D temperature field based on TDLAS[J].Chinese Journal of Lasers,2016,43(11):1111002.彭冬,金熠,翟超.基于TDLAS的二维温度场重建算法[J].中国激光,2016,43(11):1111002.
[14]Nguyen Q V,Edgar B L,Dibble R W,et al.Experimental and numerical comparison of extractive and in situ laser measurements of non-equilibrium carbon monoxide in lean-premixed natural gas combustion[J].Combust and Flame,1995,100(3):395-406.
[15]Bernard L U,David M S,Mark G A.Measurements of CO,CO2,OH,and H2O in room temperature and combustion gases by use of a broadly current-tuned multi section InGaAsP diode laser[J].Applied Optics,1999,38(9):1506-1512.
[16]Mihalcea R M,Baer D S,Hanson R K.A diode-laser absorption sensor system for combustion emission measurements[J].Measurement Science and Technology,1998,9(3):327-338.
[17]Ebert V,Teichert H,Strauch P,et al.Sensitive in situ detection of CO and O2in a rotary kiln-based hazardous waste incinerator using 760nm and new2.3μm diode lasers[J].Proceedings of the Combustion Institute,2005,30(1):1611-1618.
[18]Zhou X,Jeffries J B,Hanson R K.Development of a fast temperature sensor for combustion gases using a single tunable diode laser[J].Applied Physics B,2005,81(5):711-722.
[19]Zhang G L.Research on measurement method for one-dimensional temperature non-uniformity based on multiple-line[D].Hefei:University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,2016.张光乐.基于多吸收线TDLAS的一维温度不均匀性测量方法研究[D].合肥:中国科学院大学,2016.