2017年中国公民中医药健康文化素养水平及影响因素分析
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摘要
分析2017年中国公民中医药健康文化素养水平及其影响因素。该研究采用分层多阶段PPS随机相结合的抽样方法,抽取全国30个省(自治区、直辖市) 15～69岁常住人口作为调查对象,采用问卷调查法调查中国公民中医药健康文化素养水平。结果显示,2017年中国公民中医药健康文化素养调查共收到有效问卷87 287份,男性48. 25%、女性51. 75%,性别比1∶1. 073。2017年中国公民中医药健康文化素养水平为13. 39%,城市18. 77%,农村10. 51%。以不识字/少识字者为参照,小学、初中、高中/职高/中专、大专/本科及以上者中医药健康文化素养水平更高,OR依次为1. 584(95%CI[1. 166,2. 152]),2. 827(95%CI[1. 839,4. 345]),5. 651(95%CI[3. 637,8. 781]),9. 785(95%CI[6. 187,15. 477])。以公务员为参照,医务人员中医药健康文化素养水平较高(OR=1. 829,95%CI[1. 279,2. 616]),农民中医药健康文化素养水平最低(OR=0. 493,95%CI[0. 349,0. 697])。以家庭年人均收入20 000元以下者为参照,家庭年人均收入为20 000～50 000,50 000～80 000,80 000元以上者的中医药健康文化素养水平更高,OR依次为1. 176(95%CI[0. 963,1. 437]),1. 458(95%CI[1. 168,1. 820]),1. 930(95%CI[1. 509,2. 469])。在考虑城乡差异后,文化程度、职业和收入是公民中医药健康文化素养水平的影响因素。
To analyze the TCM health culture level and influence factors of Chinese citizens in 2017. PPS sampling combined with random sampling was used to select the residents aged between 15-69 years old in 30 provinces as the respondents,and a questionnaire study was conducted to investigate their TCM health culture level. In 2017,there were 87 287 valid questionnaires for Chinese citizens' TCM health culture level,including 48. 25% male and 51. 75% female,with a sex ratio of 1 ∶ 1. 073. In 2017,the overall TCM health culture level was 13. 39%,specifically 18. 77% for the urban areas and 10. 51% for the rural areas. Compared with people who were illiterate or less literate,people with an educational background of elementary school,junior high school,high school/vocational/technical school and junior college/university had a higher TCM health culture level,and the OR values were 1. 584( 95% CI[1. 166,2. 152]),2. 827( 95%CI[1. 839,4. 345]),5. 651( 95%CI[3. 637,8. 781]),9. 785( 95%CI[6. 187,15. 477]) in order. With civil servants as the reference,medical workers had a higher TCM health culture level( OR = 1. 829,95%CI[1. 279,2. 616]),while farmers had the lowest TCM health culture level( OR = 0. 493,95% CI[0. 349,0. 697]). Compared with people with the annual household income per capita of 20 000 yuan and below,people with the annual household income per capita between 20 000-50 000,50 000-80 000,80 000 yuan or above had a higher TCM health culture level,and the OR values were 1. 176( 95% CI[0. 963,1. 437]),1. 458( 95%CI[1. 168,1. 820]) and 1. 930( 95%CI[1. 509,2. 469]). Based on the differences between urban and rural areas,the influence factors of citizens' TCM health culture level include education,occupation and income.
To analyze the TCM health culture level and influence factors of Chinese citizens in 2017. PPS sampling combined with random sampling was used to select the residents aged between 15-69 years old in 30 provinces as the respondents,and a questionnaire study was conducted to investigate their TCM health culture level. In 2017,there were 87 287 valid questionnaires for Chinese citizens' TCM health culture level,including 48. 25% male and 51. 75% female,with a sex ratio of 1 ∶ 1. 073. In 2017,the overall TCM health culture level was 13. 39%,specifically 18. 77% for the urban areas and 10. 51% for the rural areas. Compared with people who were illiterate or less literate,people with an educational background of elementary school,junior high school,high school/vocational/technical school and junior college/university had a higher TCM health culture level,and the OR values were 1. 584( 95% CI[1. 166,2. 152]),2. 827( 95%CI[1. 839,4. 345]),5. 651( 95%CI[3. 637,8. 781]),9. 785( 95%CI[6. 187,15. 477]) in order. With civil servants as the reference,medical workers had a higher TCM health culture level( OR = 1. 829,95%CI[1. 279,2. 616]),while farmers had the lowest TCM health culture level( OR = 0. 493,95% CI[0. 349,0. 697]). Compared with people with the annual household income per capita of 20 000 yuan and below,people with the annual household income per capita between 20 000-50 000,50 000-80 000,80 000 yuan or above had a higher TCM health culture level,and the OR values were 1. 176( 95% CI[0. 963,1. 437]),1. 458( 95%CI[1. 168,1. 820]) and 1. 930( 95%CI[1. 509,2. 469]). Based on the differences between urban and rural areas,the influence factors of citizens' TCM health culture level include education,occupation and income.
引文
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[15]沈益妹,顾建庆,崔明玉.大专院校新生健康素养现状调查[J].浙江预防医学,2013,25(4):78.
[16]殷晓月,靳琦,王慧,等.不同性别居民中医药科普情况及中医养生保健素养现状对比分析[J].中华中医药杂志,2017,32(12):5309.
[2]国家中医药管理局办公室,国家卫生健康委员会宣传司,中国健康教育中心,等. 2017年中国公民中医药健康文化素养调查报告[R].北京:国家中医药管理局办公室,2018.
[3]谭巍,郭颖,殷晓月,等.2014年中国公民中医养生保健素养调查分析[J].中国健康教育,2018,34(9):848.
[4]郭颖.中国公民中医药健康文化素养现况及影响因素研究[D].北京:北京中医药大学,2018.
[5]习近平总书记关切中医药[J].中医药通报,2016,15(6):3.
[6]李莉,李英华,聂雪琼,等.2012年中国居民健康素养影响因素分析[J].中国健康教育,2015,31(2):104.
[7]姚宏文,石琦,李英华.我国城乡居民健康素养现状及对策[J].人口研究,2016,40(2):88.
[8]李毅琳,伍春燕,钟庆,等.武汉市居民健康素养现状及影响因素分析[J].中国公共卫生,2019(4):471.
[9]陈建伟,许信红,罗敏红,等.广州市居民健康素养现状及影响因素调查[J].中国健康教育,2016,32(7):601.
[10]吴艳梅,南海涛,铁云丽,等.2013年陕西省居民健康素养现状及影响因素分析[J].中国健康教育,2015,31(8):738.
[11]鞠巍,其其格,张兹钰,等.内蒙古自治区居民健康素养现状及影响因素分析[J].中国健康教育,2014,30(12):1090.
[12] Rajaha R,Hassalia M A A,Murugiahb M K. A systematic review of the prevalence of limited health literacy in Southeast Asian countries[J].Public Health,2019,167:8.
[13] Kickbusch I,Pelikan J M,Apfel F,et al. Health literacy:the solid facts[M]. Geneva:World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe,2013.
[14] Martin L T,Ruder T,Escarce J J,et al. Developing predictive models of health literacy[J]. J Gen Intern Med,2009,24(11):1211.
[15]沈益妹,顾建庆,崔明玉.大专院校新生健康素养现状调查[J].浙江预防医学,2013,25(4):78.
[16]殷晓月,靳琦,王慧,等.不同性别居民中医药科普情况及中医养生保健素养现状对比分析[J].中华中医药杂志,2017,32(12):5309.