准南复杂山地探区基准面静校正方法与质控策略
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摘要
准噶尔盆地南缘山地及山前带由于岩性及构造复杂多变,造成近地表速度、厚度纵横向变化剧烈,给该地区的静校正工作带来极大困难。要解决好山区复杂构造地震资料成像,一是要消除引起非同相叠加的地震道间高频时差,二是要控制好静校正的中长波长分量,确保构造位置和构造高点的准确性。为改善南缘复杂山区成像,对现有静校正方法的应用条件、适应能力进行分析研究,提出多信息约束层析反演与初至波剩余静校正结合,并针对过程和结果进行定性和定量分析评价的整体策略,发挥不同静校正方法、不同基础资料特点,在准噶尔盆地南缘山地取得了良好效果。
The dramatic changes of near-surface velocity and vertical as well as lateral thicknesses that result from complicated lithologies and structures in the mountain areas and mountain front of the southern margin of Junggar basin bring great difficulties to the static correction in this area.For the purpose of solving the problem of seismic data imaging in mountain areas,high-frequency time difference between seismic traces must be eliminated to avoid out-of-phase stacking,and medium-long wave length components in static correction must be controlled to ensure the accuracy of the structure location and structural height.The application conditions and adaptability of existing static correction methods were analyzed and studied to improve imaging quality in the mountain areas of the southern margin.A new set of ideas for decomposition and reconstruction of long and short wavelength components were presented according to static correction values,the advantages of different static correction methods could be taken and good effect was obtained in the mountain areas on the southern margin of the Junggar basin.
The dramatic changes of near-surface velocity and vertical as well as lateral thicknesses that result from complicated lithologies and structures in the mountain areas and mountain front of the southern margin of Junggar basin bring great difficulties to the static correction in this area.For the purpose of solving the problem of seismic data imaging in mountain areas,high-frequency time difference between seismic traces must be eliminated to avoid out-of-phase stacking,and medium-long wave length components in static correction must be controlled to ensure the accuracy of the structure location and structural height.The application conditions and adaptability of existing static correction methods were analyzed and studied to improve imaging quality in the mountain areas of the southern margin.A new set of ideas for decomposition and reconstruction of long and short wavelength components were presented according to static correction values,the advantages of different static correction methods could be taken and good effect was obtained in the mountain areas on the southern margin of the Junggar basin.
引文
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[19]刘连升.约束初至拾取与初至波剩余静校正[J].石油地球物理勘探,1998,33(5):604-610.
[20]李录明.动校前初至波自动剩余静校正[J].石油地球物理勘探,1989,24(2):179-186.
[2]薛为平,其其格,梁英,等.折射延迟时与时深曲线反演模型法静校正技术[J].新疆地质,2011,29(1):249-251.
[3]王彦春,余钦范,段云卿,等.折射波静校正方法在复杂地表地区的应用[J].物探与化探,1999,23(6):428-434.
[4]文雪康,刘胜,李世琼,等.层析法在黄土塬区近地表结构调查中的应用[J].物探与化探,2012,36(5):766-771.
[5]邓志文.复杂山地地震勘探[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2006:4-7.
[6]薛为平,梁英,刘治凡.准噶尔盆地特殊地表的静校正应用[J].新疆地质,2005,23(1):82-85.
[7]张亚斌,杜贤,孔剑冰,等.复杂山地低信噪比地震资料处理方法[J].物探与化探,2005,29(1):34-36,40.
[8]刘江平.地震共中心点道集的瞬时基准面静校正和动校正[J].物探与化探,1997,21(1):15-22.
[9]尹奇峰,潘冬明,夏暖,等.地表一致性静校正量误差分析[J].物探与化探,2011,35(6):785-788.
[10]刘玉柱,董良国.初至波层析影响因素分析[J].石油地球物理勘探,2007,42(5):544-553.
[11]韩晓丽,杨长春,麻三怀,等.复杂山区初至波层析反演静校正[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(2):475-483.
[12]林伯香,孙晶梅,徐颖,等.复杂地表条件静校正中的3D表层速度层析反演研究[J].石油物探,2005,44(5):454-457.
[13]林伯香,肖万富,李博,等.层析静校正在黄土塬弯宽线资料处理中的应用[J].石油物探,2007,46(4):417-420.
[14]李敏杰,刘玉增,孟祥顺,等.陕北富县黄土塬区三维地震资料处理技术[J].石油物探,2012,51(3):285-291.
[15]杨文军,段云卿,姜伟才,等.层析反演静校正[J].物探与化探,2005,29(1):41-43.
[16]李锋,曾庆才,吕金博,等.西部复杂地区地震资料处理方法[J].物探与化探,2004,28(2):159-163.
[17]何新贞,尚新民,王常波,等.复杂地表及地下地质条件下地震资料处理中的若干重要环节[J].物探与化探,2004,28(5):453-456.
[18]侯建全,王建立,孟小红.适合于复杂地表条件下静校正处理技术[J].物探与化探,2002,26(4):307-311.
[19]刘连升.约束初至拾取与初至波剩余静校正[J].石油地球物理勘探,1998,33(5):604-610.
[20]李录明.动校前初至波自动剩余静校正[J].石油地球物理勘探,1989,24(2):179-186.