一种基于SAR稀疏采样数据的动目标运动参数估计方法
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摘要
该文针对地面动目标运动参数估计问题进行研究,提出一种利用单天线合成孔径雷达(SAR)稀疏采样数据的动目标2维速度估计方法。首先以目标2维速度为参数构建一个等效参数化模型将动目标回波数据转化为小斜视回波数据,然后利用改进的迭代阈值算法实现不同参数条件下的动目标2维成像,最后以成像结果的图像熵值为优化准则对初始模型参数进行搜索,从而获得准确的动目标运动参数。该方法以稀疏采样数据为输入,可以减少所需数据量,并且能够有效避免多普勒模糊问题,在较低信杂比条件下仍然能够准确估计出目标运动参数。仿真实验结果验证了所提动目标参数估计方法的有效性。
To solve the problem of motion parameter estimation of ground moving target, a parameter estimation method of moving targets with sparse sampling data of single SAR sensor is proposed. First, based on the 2 dimensional velocity of moving targets, an equivalent parametric model is constructed to transform the moving target echo into squint SAR echo. Then, with different parameters the modified iterative thresholding algorithm is applied to achieving imagery of moving target. Finally, the motion parameters of targets are obtained by minimizing the image entropy. It is shown that, using the proposed method, the required echo sampling can be reduced, the Doppler ambiguity problem can be avoided and accurate velocity estimation can be obtained even in low signal-to-clutter ration scenarios. Simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
To solve the problem of motion parameter estimation of ground moving target, a parameter estimation method of moving targets with sparse sampling data of single SAR sensor is proposed. First, based on the 2 dimensional velocity of moving targets, an equivalent parametric model is constructed to transform the moving target echo into squint SAR echo. Then, with different parameters the modified iterative thresholding algorithm is applied to achieving imagery of moving target. Finally, the motion parameters of targets are obtained by minimizing the image entropy. It is shown that, using the proposed method, the required echo sampling can be reduced, the Doppler ambiguity problem can be avoided and accurate velocity estimation can be obtained even in low signal-to-clutter ration scenarios. Simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
引文
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[18]FANG Jian,XU Zongben,ZHANG Bingchen,et al.Fast compressed sensing SAR imaging based on approximated observation[J].IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing,2014,7(1):352-363.doi:10.1109/JSTARS.2013.2263309.
[19]KRAGH T J and KHARBOUCH A A.Monotonic iterative algorithm for minimum-entropy autofocus[C].IEEEInternational Conference on Image Processing,Atlanta,2006:645-648.
[2]WERNESS S A S,CARRARA W G,JOYCE L S,et al.Moving target imaging algorithm for SAR data[J].IEEETransactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems,1990,26(1):57-67.doi:10.1109/7.53413.
[3]PERRY R P,DIPIETRO R C,and FANTE R L.SARimaging of moving targets[J].IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems,1999,35(1):188-200.doi:10.1109/7.745691.
[4]ZHANG Shuangxi,XING Mengdao,XIA Xianggen,et al.Robust clutter suppression and moving target imaging approach for multichannel in azimuth high-resolution and wide-swath synthetic aperture radar[J].IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing,2015,53(2):687-709.doi:10.1109/TGRS.2014.2327031.
[5]GUO Bin,VU Duc,XU Luzhou,et al.Ground moving target indication via multichannel airborne SAR[J].IEEETransactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing,2011,49(10):3753-3764.doi:10.1109/TGRS.2011.2143420.
[6]LI Gang,XIA Xianggen,XU Jia,et al.A velocity estimation algorithm of moving targets using single antenna SAR[J].IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems,2009,45(3):1052-1062.doi:10.1109/TAES.2009.5259182.
[7]HOU Lili,SONG Hongjun,ZHENG Mingjie,et al.Fast moving target imaging and motion parameters estimation based on Radon transform and bi-directional approach[J].IET Radar,Sonar&Navigation,2016,10(6):1013-1023.doi:10.1049/iet-rsn.2014.0567.
[8]陈一畅,张群,朱丽莉,等.基于压缩感知和矢量量化的SAR数据级联压缩方法[J].现代雷达,2013,35(10):36-40.doi:10.16592/J.CNKI.1004-7859.2013.10.013.CHEN Yichang,ZHANG Qun,ZHU Lili,et al.A cascade compress method of SAR data based on compressed sensing and vector quantization[J].Modern Radar,2013,35(10):36-40.doi:10.16592/J.CNKI.1004-7859.2013.10.013.
[9]BU Hongxia,TAO Ran,BAI Xia,et al.A novel SAR imaging algorithm based on compressed sensing[J].IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters,2015,12(5):1003-1007.doi:10.1109/LGRS.2014.2372319.
[10]陈一畅,张群,陈校平,等.多重测量矢量模型下的稀疏步进频率SAR成像算法[J].电子与信息学报,2014,36(12):2986-2993.doi:10.3724/SP.J.1146.2013.01831.CHEN Yichang,ZHANG Qun,CHEN Xiaoping,et al.An imaging algorithm of sparse stepped frequency SAR based on multiple measurement vectors model[J].Journal of Electronics&Information Technology,2014,36(12):2986-2993.doi:10.3724/SP.J.1146.2013.01831.
[11]GU Fufei,ZHANG Qun,CHI Long,et al.A novel motion compensating method for MIMO-SAR imaging based on compressed sensing[J].IEEE Sensors Journal,2015,15(4):2157-2165.doi:10.1109/JSEN.2014.2371451.
[12]李刚,夏香根.参数化稀疏表征在雷达探测中的应用[J].雷达学报,2016,5(1):1-7.doi:10.12000/JR15126.LI Gang and XIA Xianggen.Parametric sparse representation and its applications in radar sensing[J].Journal of Radars,2016,5(1):1-7.doi:10.12000/JR15126.
[13]RAO W,LI G,Wang X,et al.Parametric sparse representation method for ISAR imaging of rotating targets[J].IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems,2014,50(2):910-919.doi:10.1109/TAES.2014.120535.
[14]顾福飞,张群,杨秋,等.基于NCS算子的大斜视SAR压缩感知成像方法[J].雷达学报,2016,5(1):16-24.doi:10.12000/JR15035.GU Fufei,ZHANG Qun,YANG Qiu,et al.Compressed sensing imaging algorithm of high-squint SAR based on NCSoperator[J].Journal of Radars,2016,5(1):16-24.doi:10.12000/JR15035.
[15]李震宇,梁毅,邢孟道,等.弹载合成孔径雷达大斜视子孔径频率相位滤波成像算法[J].电子与信息学报,2015,37(4):954-959.doi:10.11999/JEIT140618.LI Zhenyu,LIANG Yi,XING Mengdao,et al.A frequency phase filtering imaging algorithm for highly squint missile-borne synthetic aperture radar with subaperture[J].Journal of Electronics&Information Technology,2015,37(4):954-959.doi:10.11999/JEIT140618.
[16]江淮,赵惠昌,汉敏,等.基于DFT滤波器组的大斜视SAR成像算法[J].电子与信息学报,2016,38(1):104-110.doi:10.11999/JEIT150381.JIANG Huai,ZHAO Huichang,HAN Min,et al.Highly squint SAR imaging algorithm based on DFT filter banks[J].Journal of Electronics&Information Technology,2016,38(1):104-110.doi:10.11999/JEIT150381.
[17]杨军,李震宇,孙光才,等.一种新的大斜视TOPS SAR全孔径成像方法[J].西安电子科技大学学报(自然科学版),2015,42(1):42-48.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-2400.2015.01.08.YANG Jun,LI Zhenyu,SUN Guangcai,et al.Novel full aperture imaging algorithm for highly squinted TOPS SAR[J].Journal of Xidian University(Natural Science),2015,42(1):42-48.doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-2400.2015.01.08.
[18]FANG Jian,XU Zongben,ZHANG Bingchen,et al.Fast compressed sensing SAR imaging based on approximated observation[J].IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing,2014,7(1):352-363.doi:10.1109/JSTARS.2013.2263309.
[19]KRAGH T J and KHARBOUCH A A.Monotonic iterative algorithm for minimum-entropy autofocus[C].IEEEInternational Conference on Image Processing,Atlanta,2006:645-648.