2001～2015年深圳市儿童肿瘤的发病特征和时间趋势
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摘要
[目的]探讨2001～2015年深圳市儿童恶性肿瘤的流行特征和发病趋势,为制定深圳市儿童恶性肿瘤防治政策提供基础数据。[方法]根据深圳市肿瘤发病登记处收集的2001～2015年儿童恶性肿瘤发病数据和相应年份的人口资料,计算儿童恶性肿瘤发病粗率,以及标准化人口年龄调整的发病率(中国人口标化率和世界人口标化率),利用Joinpoint软件进行趋势分析。[结果] 2001～2015年深圳市肿瘤登记处共登记儿童恶性肿瘤1068例,粗发病率为15.96/10万,中标率为15.42/10万,世标率为16.10/10万。男童发病率明显高于女童,男女发病性别比为1.25∶1。发病率前3位依次为白血病(7.07/10万)、脑/神经系统肿瘤(2.43/10万)和恶性淋巴瘤(1.21/10万)。从时间趋势上看,儿童恶性肿瘤发病率无明显变化,世标率APC为2.00%(Z=1.9,P=0.1),仅男童恶性肿瘤发病率略微上升,APC为3.38%(Z=2.7,P<0.01);不同肿瘤(白血病、脑/神经系统肿瘤和恶性淋巴瘤)发病率也无明显改变。[结论]深圳市儿童恶性肿瘤发病率处于较高水平,需采取综合措施进行预防和控制。
[Purpose] To analyze the incidence and epidemiologic trends of childhood cancer in Shenzhen during 2001 to 2015. [Methods] The childhood cancer incidence data and population data were collected from Shenzhen Cancer Registry. The crude incidence,age-standardized incidence by Chinese standard population(ASR China) and age-standardized incidence by world standard population(ASR world) were calculated. The annual percentage change(APC) of the incidence was analyzed by Joinpoint regression. [Results] Total 1068 new cases of childhood cancer were registered in Shenzhen Cancer Registry from 2001 to 2015. The crude incidence was 15.96/10~5,with ASR China of 15.59/10~5 and ASR world of 16.10/10~5. The incidence of boys was higher than that of girls,with a sex ratio of 1.25∶1. The top three cancer types were leukemia(7.07/10~5),central nervous system tumors(2.43/10~5) and lymphomas(1.21/10~5). In terms of time trend,the incidence of childhood cancer had no significant increase of APC(APC=2.00%,Z=1.9,P=0.1),but incidence of the boys had been increasing slightly(APC=3.38%,Z=2.7,P<0.01). The incidence of leukemia,central nervous system tumors and lymphomas were stable during 2001 to 2015. [Conclusion]The incidence of childhood is relatively high in Shenzhen,but the time trends are relatively stable during 2001 to 2015.
[Purpose] To analyze the incidence and epidemiologic trends of childhood cancer in Shenzhen during 2001 to 2015. [Methods] The childhood cancer incidence data and population data were collected from Shenzhen Cancer Registry. The crude incidence,age-standardized incidence by Chinese standard population(ASR China) and age-standardized incidence by world standard population(ASR world) were calculated. The annual percentage change(APC) of the incidence was analyzed by Joinpoint regression. [Results] Total 1068 new cases of childhood cancer were registered in Shenzhen Cancer Registry from 2001 to 2015. The crude incidence was 15.96/10~5,with ASR China of 15.59/10~5 and ASR world of 16.10/10~5. The incidence of boys was higher than that of girls,with a sex ratio of 1.25∶1. The top three cancer types were leukemia(7.07/10~5),central nervous system tumors(2.43/10~5) and lymphomas(1.21/10~5). In terms of time trend,the incidence of childhood cancer had no significant increase of APC(APC=2.00%,Z=1.9,P=0.1),but incidence of the boys had been increasing slightly(APC=3.38%,Z=2.7,P<0.01). The incidence of leukemia,central nervous system tumors and lymphomas were stable during 2001 to 2015. [Conclusion]The incidence of childhood is relatively high in Shenzhen,but the time trends are relatively stable during 2001 to 2015.
引文
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[2]Shenzhen Statistics Bureau,NBS Survey Office in Shenzhen.Shenzhen Statistical Yearbook 2016[M].Beijing:China Statistics Press,2016.[深圳市统计局,国家统计局深圳调查队.2016深圳统计年鉴[M].北京:中国统计出版社,2016.]
[3]Kim HJ,Fay MP,Feuer EJ,et al.Permutation tests for joinpoint regression with applications to cancer rates[J].Stat Med,2000,19(3):335-351.
[4]Steliarova-Foucher E,Colombet M,Ries LAG,et al.International incidence of childhood cancer,2001-10:a population-based registry study[J].Lancet Oncol,2017,18(6):719-731.
[5]Liu YL,Lo WC,Chiang CJ,et al.Incidence of cancer in children aged 0-14 years in Taiwan,1996-2010[J].Cancer Epidemiol,2015,39(1):21-28.
[6]Bao PP,Wu CX,Gu K,et al.Incidence trend of malignant tumors in children in Shanghai[J].Chinese Journal of Epidemiology,2016,37(1):106-110.[鲍萍萍,吴春晓,顾凯,等.上海市儿童恶性肿瘤发病情况和时间趋势分析[J].中华流行病学杂志,2016,37(1):106-110.]
[7]Zhang S,Shen CF,Wang DZ,et al.Incidence and mortality of childhood malignant tumor in Tianjin,2010~2013[J].China Cancer,2017,27(7):501-506.[张爽,沈成风,王德征,等.2010~2013年天津市儿童恶性肿瘤发病与死亡分析[J].中国肿瘤,2017,27(7):501-506.]
[8]Zhou Q,Li K,Li HL,et al.Epidemic features of childhood malignant tumor in urban districts of Guangzhou,2004~2010[J].China Cancer,2014,23(7):552-557.[周琴,李科,李海麟,等.广州市城区2004~2010年儿童恶性肿瘤流行特征[J].中国肿瘤,2014,23(7):552-557.]
[9]Song K,Chen RH,Liu QH,et al.An analysis of cancer incidence among children in Hangzhou from 2009 to 2011[J].Zhejiang Preventive Medicine,2013,25(3):15-17.[宋凯,陈仁华,刘庆敏,等.杭州市儿童恶性肿瘤的发病特征研究[J].浙江预防医学,2013,25(3):15-17.]
[10]Hong Kong Cancer Registry,Hospital Authority.http://www3.ha.org.hk/cancereg.
[11]Siegel RL,Miller KD,Jemal A.Cancer Statistics,2019[J].CA Cancer J Clin,2019,67(1):7-34.
[12]Li SH,Peng XX,Ma XL.Progress of the relationship between the etiology of childhood malignancy and placental disease[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Clinical Pediatrics,2015,30(15):1193-1195.[李斯慧,彭晓霞,马晓莉.儿童恶性肿瘤病因学及其与胎盘病变关系的研究进展[J].中华实用儿科临床杂志,2015,30(15):1193-1195.]
[13]Pui CH.Acute lymphoblastic leukemia in children[J].Cur Opin Oncol,2000,12(1):312.
[14]Jin MW,Xu SM,An Q,et al.A review of risk factors for childhood leukemia[J].Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci,2016,20(18):3760-3764.
[15]Heck JE,Contreras ZA,Park AS,et al.Smoking in pregnancy and risk of cancer among young children:a population-based study[J].Int J Cancer,2016,139(3):613-616.
[16]Jiang WC,Wu SY,Ke YB.Association of exposure to environmental chemicals with risk of childhood acute lymphocytic leukemia[J].Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine,2016,50(10):893-899.[蒋伟超,吴恩英,柯跃斌.环境化学的暴露与儿童急性淋巴细胞白血病风险的关联研究[J].中华预防医学杂志,2016,50(10):893-899.]