未来采油工程新技术——纳米机器人
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摘要
纳米机器人是根据分子水平生物学设计制造的在纳米空间进行操作的"功能分子器件",已广泛应用于医疗和军事领域。近年来提出的采油纳米机器人在驱替过程中,能够了解井间基质、裂缝和流体性质,以及与油气生产相关变化;测量油藏的储层参数、液体参数、流体和地层界面的空间分布等;纳米机器人的作用已被沙特阿美公司2010年6月在Arab-D地层中注入的纳米机器人取得里程碑式的研究进展所证实。但油藏中如何布署纳米机器人、如何对纳米机器人在油藏中进行遥测和定位、纳米机器人如何探测注入(渗流)通道以外的油气资源等问题有待解决和面临着很多挑战。尽管在储层改造、清蜡降黏、油层解堵、原油驱替、污水处理等采油工程技术领域真正应用的纳米机器人还有一段距离,但正是纳米机器人在采油工程领域近乎无限的可能性,有助于延长油井开采时间和减缓油田自然递减,从而展望纳米机器人将会有较好的应用前景。
As the functional molecule device designed and manufactured based on the molecular level biology and operated inside Nano-space, Nano-robot has been widely used in such fields as medical care and military affairs. The substrate among wells, cracks, property of fluid and relevant change generated by oil gas could be understood through oil production Nano-robot during displacement process proposed in the recent several years. The reservoir parameters of oil reservoir, liquid parameters, fluid and spatial distribution of formation interface can be measured. The function of Nano-robot was demonstrated by milestone study progress achieved by Saudi Aramco by injecting Nano-robots in Arab-D formation in June 2010. However, the problems on how to arrange Nano-robot in oil reservoir, remote meter and position Nano-robot in oil reservoir and use Nano-robot to detect the oil gas resources beyond injection(transfusion) channel have been encountered and there will be many challenges during the process. Although there is still a long way to use Nano-robot in oil production engineering technical fields such as reservoir reform, paraffin removal, viscosity reduction, oil layer plug removal, crude oil displacement and sewerage treatment, Nano-robot's infinite possibility in oil production engineering field is beneficial to extending the exploration time of oil well and reducing the natural reduction of oil field, so Nano-robot would have great application prospect.
As the functional molecule device designed and manufactured based on the molecular level biology and operated inside Nano-space, Nano-robot has been widely used in such fields as medical care and military affairs. The substrate among wells, cracks, property of fluid and relevant change generated by oil gas could be understood through oil production Nano-robot during displacement process proposed in the recent several years. The reservoir parameters of oil reservoir, liquid parameters, fluid and spatial distribution of formation interface can be measured. The function of Nano-robot was demonstrated by milestone study progress achieved by Saudi Aramco by injecting Nano-robots in Arab-D formation in June 2010. However, the problems on how to arrange Nano-robot in oil reservoir, remote meter and position Nano-robot in oil reservoir and use Nano-robot to detect the oil gas resources beyond injection(transfusion) channel have been encountered and there will be many challenges during the process. Although there is still a long way to use Nano-robot in oil production engineering technical fields such as reservoir reform, paraffin removal, viscosity reduction, oil layer plug removal, crude oil displacement and sewerage treatment, Nano-robot's infinite possibility in oil production engineering field is beneficial to extending the exploration time of oil well and reducing the natural reduction of oil field, so Nano-robot would have great application prospect.
引文
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[13]蒲春生,裴润有,吴飞鹏,高永亮,居迎军.胡尖山油田水力压裂效果灰色关联评价模型[J].石油钻采工艺,2010,32(4):54-56.PU Chensheng,PEI Runyou,WU Feipeng,GAO Yongliang,JU Yingjun.Study on prediction model of fracturing result in Hujianshan oilfield[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2010,32(4):54-56.
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[15]赵振峰,樊凤玲,蒋建方,王超菲,廉静怡.致密油藏混合水压裂实例[J].石油钻采工艺,2014,3(66):74-76.ZHAO Zhenfeng,FAN Fengling,JIANG Jianfang,WANG Chaofei,LIAN Jingyi.Examples of mixed water fracturing for competent oil reservoir[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2014,36(6):74-76.
[16]张合文,黄先雄,杨平平,赵晓明,郭双根.协同转向酸化技术在让纳若尔油田的应用[J].石油钻采工艺,2014,36(2):101-104.ZHANG Hewen,HUANG Xianxiong,YANG Pingping,ZHAO Xiaoming,GUO Shuanggen.Synergitic diverted acidizing and its application in Zanazour oilfield[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2014,36(2):101-104.
[17]蒋建方,朱娜,张祖国,邓永红,林宏涛,陈伟.地面交联酸酸蚀裂缝导流能力研究[J].石油钻采工艺,2013,35(2):79-81.JIANG Jianfang,ZHU Na,ZHANG Zuguo,DENG Yonghong,LIN Hongtao,CHEN Wei.Study on acid etching fracture conductivity of surface cross-linked acid[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2013,35(2):79-81.
[18]钟森,任山,黄禹忠,杨永华,丁咚.元坝海相超深水平井均匀布酸技术研究及应用[J].石油钻采工艺,2013,35(6):83-86.ZHONG Sen,REN Shan,HUANG Yuzhong,YANG Yong hua,DING Dong.Acidizing fluidun iform distribution technique research and its application in Yuanba ultra deep horizontal well[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2013,3(56):83-86.
[19]崔迎春,刘媛,陈玉林,杨波.裂缝性油气储层保护技术研究[J].石油钻采工艺,2003,25(6):10-13.CUI Yingchun,LIU Yuan,CHEN Yulin,YANG Bo.Research on protective techniques of fractured oil and gas reservoir[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2003,25(6):10-13.
[20]周小霞,李小军,吴振宇.BH油田储层保护技术现场应用效果评价研究[J].石油与天然气化工,2013,42(6):619-623.ZHOU Xiaoxia,LI xiaojun,WU Zhenyu.Application evaluation of formation protection techniques in BH oilfield[J].Chemical Engineering of Oil&Gas,2013,42(6):619-623.
[21]杨军征,王北芳,王满学,张建利,张现民.乍得砂岩油藏固体酸酸化解堵配方优化[J].石油钻采工艺,2014,36(2):96-100.YANG Junzheng,WANG Beifang,WANG Manxue,ZHAN Jianli,ZHANG Xianmin.Study on the solid acidizing formula optimization of plugging removal system in sand reservoir in Chad[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2014,3(62):96-100.
[22]付亚荣,张志友,徐定光.砂岩油田部分油水井酸化失效的原因及防治[J].大庆石油地质与开发,1998,17(6):36-38.FU Yarong,ZHANG Zhiyou,XU Dingguang.Reasons and preventive measures for acidification failure of oil and water wells in sandstone oilfield.[J].Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing,1998,17(6):36-38.
[2]卢雪梅,刘倩.国外油气工业上游纳米技术研究与应用进展[J].石油科技论坛,2013,32(5):43-46.LU Xuemei,LIU Qian.Research and application of upstream nanotechnology in oil and gas industry at home and abroad[J].Oil Forum,2013,32(5):43-46.
[3]梁顺可.纳米机器人发展综述[J].科技展望,2015(7):220-222.LIANG Shunke.An overview of Nano-robot development[J].Outlook of Science and Technology,2015(7):220-222.
[4]金爽,朱团,张利超.应用TRIZ理论对纳米机器人的设计研究[J].产业与科技论坛,2015,14(17):38-40.JIN Shuang,ZHU Tuan,ZHANG Lichao.Design research of Nano-robot by using TRIZ theory[J].Industrial&Science Tribune,2015,14(17):38-40.
[5]平朝霞.纳米机器人的研究进展[J].新材料产业,2012(12):25-28.PING Zhaoxia.Research progress of Nano-robot[J].Advanced Materials Industry,2012(12):25-28
[6]The 7th Annual Worldoil Awards[J],World oil,2008,(11):123-137.
[7]朱桂清,马连山.油藏纳米传感器的研发备受关注[J].测井技术,2012,36(6):547-550.ZHU Guiqing,MA Lianshan.Eye-catching Research of Reservoir Nano-sensors[J].Well Logging Technology,2012,36(6):547-550.
[8]黄昌武.8种将要走红的勘探开发新技术[J].石油勘探与开发,2009,36(3):407.HUANG Chang wu.Eight new exploration and development technologies which will be popular[J].Petroleum Exploration&Development,2009,3(63):407.
[9]朱桂清.油藏纳米机器人通过现场测试[J].国外油气技术研发动态,2010(11):1.ZHU Guiqing.Reservoir nano-robot passing field test.[J].Research and Development Dynamic of Overseas Oil and Gas Technology 2010(11):1.
[10]雷东.2010十大石油科技进展[J].石油钻采工艺,2011,33(1):128.LEI Dong.Top ten petroleum technology improvements in 2010[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2011,33(1):128.
[11]张卫东,袁文奎,田克忠.未来石油勘探开发技术展望[J].石油钻探技术,2009,37(3):118-123.ZHANG Weidong,YUAN Wenkui,TIAN Kezhong.Development of future petroleum exploration and development technologies[J].Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2009,37(3):118-123.
[12]付亚荣.油藏纳米机器人:或成油田增产利器[J].石油石化节能,2015,5(2):51.FU Yarong.Reservoir nano-robot:may be a powerful tool for increasing production in oilfield[J].Energy Conservation in Petroleum&Petrochemical Industry,2015,5(2):51
[13]蒲春生,裴润有,吴飞鹏,高永亮,居迎军.胡尖山油田水力压裂效果灰色关联评价模型[J].石油钻采工艺,2010,32(4):54-56.PU Chensheng,PEI Runyou,WU Feipeng,GAO Yongliang,JU Yingjun.Study on prediction model of fracturing result in Hujianshan oilfield[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2010,32(4):54-56.
[14]窦宏恩,马世英.巴肯致密油藏开发对我国开发超低渗透油藏的启示[J].石油钻采工艺,2012,34(2):120-124.DOU Hongen,MA Shiying.Lessons learned from oil production of tight oil reservoirs in Bakken play[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2012,32(2):120-124.
[15]赵振峰,樊凤玲,蒋建方,王超菲,廉静怡.致密油藏混合水压裂实例[J].石油钻采工艺,2014,3(66):74-76.ZHAO Zhenfeng,FAN Fengling,JIANG Jianfang,WANG Chaofei,LIAN Jingyi.Examples of mixed water fracturing for competent oil reservoir[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2014,36(6):74-76.
[16]张合文,黄先雄,杨平平,赵晓明,郭双根.协同转向酸化技术在让纳若尔油田的应用[J].石油钻采工艺,2014,36(2):101-104.ZHANG Hewen,HUANG Xianxiong,YANG Pingping,ZHAO Xiaoming,GUO Shuanggen.Synergitic diverted acidizing and its application in Zanazour oilfield[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2014,36(2):101-104.
[17]蒋建方,朱娜,张祖国,邓永红,林宏涛,陈伟.地面交联酸酸蚀裂缝导流能力研究[J].石油钻采工艺,2013,35(2):79-81.JIANG Jianfang,ZHU Na,ZHANG Zuguo,DENG Yonghong,LIN Hongtao,CHEN Wei.Study on acid etching fracture conductivity of surface cross-linked acid[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2013,35(2):79-81.
[18]钟森,任山,黄禹忠,杨永华,丁咚.元坝海相超深水平井均匀布酸技术研究及应用[J].石油钻采工艺,2013,35(6):83-86.ZHONG Sen,REN Shan,HUANG Yuzhong,YANG Yong hua,DING Dong.Acidizing fluidun iform distribution technique research and its application in Yuanba ultra deep horizontal well[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2013,3(56):83-86.
[19]崔迎春,刘媛,陈玉林,杨波.裂缝性油气储层保护技术研究[J].石油钻采工艺,2003,25(6):10-13.CUI Yingchun,LIU Yuan,CHEN Yulin,YANG Bo.Research on protective techniques of fractured oil and gas reservoir[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2003,25(6):10-13.
[20]周小霞,李小军,吴振宇.BH油田储层保护技术现场应用效果评价研究[J].石油与天然气化工,2013,42(6):619-623.ZHOU Xiaoxia,LI xiaojun,WU Zhenyu.Application evaluation of formation protection techniques in BH oilfield[J].Chemical Engineering of Oil&Gas,2013,42(6):619-623.
[21]杨军征,王北芳,王满学,张建利,张现民.乍得砂岩油藏固体酸酸化解堵配方优化[J].石油钻采工艺,2014,36(2):96-100.YANG Junzheng,WANG Beifang,WANG Manxue,ZHAN Jianli,ZHANG Xianmin.Study on the solid acidizing formula optimization of plugging removal system in sand reservoir in Chad[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2014,3(62):96-100.
[22]付亚荣,张志友,徐定光.砂岩油田部分油水井酸化失效的原因及防治[J].大庆石油地质与开发,1998,17(6):36-38.FU Yarong,ZHANG Zhiyou,XU Dingguang.Reasons and preventive measures for acidification failure of oil and water wells in sandstone oilfield.[J].Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing,1998,17(6):36-38.