多层石墨烯/纳米Fe_2O_3复合材料对TC11合金干滑动磨损行为的影响
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摘要
钛合金综合性能优异,被广泛应用于航空航天、化工等领域,但是其耐磨性较差,又严重阻碍了它更广泛的应用。在TC11合金/GCr15钢摩擦界面添加多层石墨烯(MLG)/纳米Fe_2O_3复合材料,采用MPX-2000型摩擦磨损试验机研究了其对TC11合金磨损行为的影响,并与未添加及只添加MLG或纳米Fe_2O_3时的状况进行了对比;采用XRD,SEM,EDS等分析技术对磨损表面物相、形貌和成分进行了系统分析,并探讨了各添加物的作用机制。结果表明:在TC11合金表面添加MLG形成的摩擦层不能稳定存在,无法提高其耐磨性;添加纳米Fe_2O_3仅能在低载荷下形成稳定的摩擦层,高载荷时逐渐被破坏;添加MLG/纳米Fe_2O_3复合材料,在磨损表面形成了双层摩擦层,能起到保护基体的作用,使之磨损量显著下降,原因是MLG的润滑性与纳米Fe_2O_3承载性的协同作用。
Multilayer graphene( MLG)/Fe_2O_3 composite material was added into the sliding interface of TC11 alloy/GCr15 steel,and the effect on the wear behavior of TC11 alloy was investigated by MPX-2000 friction and wear testing machine.As a comparison,the wear tests with no additive and adding alone MLG or Fe_2O_3 nanoparticles were carried out. Moreover,the phases,morphologies and compositions of the worn surfaces were systematically analyzed by the microscopic analysis methods of XRD,SEM and EDS,and the active mechanism of various additive was explored. Results showed that the original TC11 alloy possessed poor wear resistance. When MLG was added,the formed tribo-layers could not steadily exist,resulting in the bad wear performance. With an additive of Fe_2O_3,the tribo-layers were merely formed under low loads,but would vanish gradually under high loads. When MLG/Fe_2O_3 composite material was added,the double tribo-layers formed on the worn surfaces could provide a protective function for the substrate. Because of the synergism effect of lubricant MLG and load-carrying Fe_2O_3,the wear loss of TC11 alloy reduced dramatically.
Multilayer graphene( MLG)/Fe_2O_3 composite material was added into the sliding interface of TC11 alloy/GCr15 steel,and the effect on the wear behavior of TC11 alloy was investigated by MPX-2000 friction and wear testing machine.As a comparison,the wear tests with no additive and adding alone MLG or Fe_2O_3 nanoparticles were carried out. Moreover,the phases,morphologies and compositions of the worn surfaces were systematically analyzed by the microscopic analysis methods of XRD,SEM and EDS,and the active mechanism of various additive was explored. Results showed that the original TC11 alloy possessed poor wear resistance. When MLG was added,the formed tribo-layers could not steadily exist,resulting in the bad wear performance. With an additive of Fe_2O_3,the tribo-layers were merely formed under low loads,but would vanish gradually under high loads. When MLG/Fe_2O_3 composite material was added,the double tribo-layers formed on the worn surfaces could provide a protective function for the substrate. Because of the synergism effect of lubricant MLG and load-carrying Fe_2O_3,the wear loss of TC11 alloy reduced dramatically.
引文
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[3]LIN L Y,KIM D E,KIM W K,et al.Friction and wear characteristics of multi-layer graphene films investigated by atomic force microscopy[J].Surface and Coatings Technology,2011,205(20):4 864-4 869.
[4]蒲吉斌,王立平,薛群基.石墨烯摩擦学及石墨烯基复合润滑材料的研究进展[J].摩擦学学报,2014,34(1):93-112.
[5]LEE J H,KIM S H,CHO D H,et al.Tribological properties of chemical vapor deposited graphene coating layer[J].Korean Journal of Metals and Materials,2012,50(3):206-211.
[6]KATO H.Severe-mild wear transition by supply of oxide particles on sliding surface[J].Wear,2003,255(1):426-429.
[7]KATO H,KOMAI K.Tribofilm formation and mild wear by tribo-sintering of nanometer-sized oxide particles on rubbing steel surfaces[J].Wear,2007,262(1):36-41.
[8]KATO H.Effects of supply of fine oxide particles onto rubbing steel surfaces on severe-mild wear transition and oxide film formation[J].Tribology International,2008,41(8):735-742.
[9]IWABUCHI A,KUBOSAWA H,HORI K.The dependence of the transition from severe to mild wear on load and surface roughness when the oxide particles are supplied before sliding[J].Wear,1990,139(2):319-333.
[10]BERMAN D,ERDEMIR A,SUMANT A V.Reduced wear and friction enabled by graphene layers on sliding steel surfaces in dry nitrogen[J].Carbon,2013,59:167-175.
[11]BALKO J,HVIZDOSP,DUSZA J,et al.Wear damage of Si3N4-graphene nanocomposites at room and elevated temperatures[J].Journal of the European Ceramic Society,2014,34(14):3 309-3 317.
[12]乔玉林,赵海朝,臧艳,等.多层石墨烯水分散体系的摩擦磨损性能研究[J].摩擦学学报,2014,34(5):523-530.
[13]IWABUCHI A.The role of oxide particles in the fretting wear of mild steel[J].Wear,1991,151(2):301-311.