催化材料的成型及力学性能研究
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摘要
催化材料在工业生产中应用广泛,90%以上的化工产品都是通过催化反应制备出来的,而催化反应的关键就是催化材料,俗称催化剂。其中,应用到多相反应中的工业催化剂,因对机械强度有较高的要求,需将其原粉成型至特定几何形状、尺寸后使用,以便抵挡反应过程中因应力变化造成的冲击。成型方法、工艺条件、成型后颗粒的标准化机械强度测试,以及系统分析催化材料的力学性能,是催化剂生产中的关键环节。本文主要论述了催化材料的种类、成型方式、强度测试方法、力学性能分析,以及成型样品缺陷表征手段,并结合数据展示图,介绍了一种新兴的断层扫描(MicroCT)样品无损表面缺陷表征手段。
Catalyst materials are widely used in industry and nearly 90% of the chemical products were produced via catalysis.Among heterogeneous catalysis,catalysts must have strong mechanical strength in order to stand for the dynamic changes of mechanical stress that might occur during reactions.Thus,to optimize the forming technology and processing parameters,the ways to characterize mechanical strength of each particle are very important for large-scale catalyst preparation.Herein,this paper clarified the type of catalysts,the way for powder forming,characterization methods for the formed catalyst and the methods to detect the strength and defects of formed catalysts.Meanwhile,it also demonstrated a novel defect detection tool(MicroCT)with recorded pictures.
Catalyst materials are widely used in industry and nearly 90% of the chemical products were produced via catalysis.Among heterogeneous catalysis,catalysts must have strong mechanical strength in order to stand for the dynamic changes of mechanical stress that might occur during reactions.Thus,to optimize the forming technology and processing parameters,the ways to characterize mechanical strength of each particle are very important for large-scale catalyst preparation.Herein,this paper clarified the type of catalysts,the way for powder forming,characterization methods for the formed catalyst and the methods to detect the strength and defects of formed catalysts.Meanwhile,it also demonstrated a novel defect detection tool(MicroCT)with recorded pictures.
引文
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[2]李雪辉,吕扬效,李琼,等.催化剂表征系统简介[J].广东化工,2001(2):51-53.
[3]姜浩锡.固体催化剂的模压成型过程和机械强度研究[D].天津:天津大学,2003.
[4]王静.催化剂成型方法[J].化工管理,2015(9):77.
[5]赵庆国,廖晖,李绍芬.催化剂颗粒的力学性能与机械强度[J].高校化学工程学报,2000,14(2):164-169.
[6]郝亚暾.共聚醚/TDI室温固化体系力学性能的研究[J].弹性体,2017,27(2):27-30.
[7]吴东方,李永丹,张鎏.固体催化剂力学性能研究[J].化学工业与工程,2001(6):378-383.
[8]梁希.空心颗粒复合材料力学性能的数值仿真对策研究[D].秦皇岛:燕山大学,2013.
[9]李永丹,张鎏,李洲.圆柱状氧化物催化剂强度的测试方法及可靠性分析[J].天津大学学报,1989(3):9-17.
[10]胡晓敏.钌基氨合成催化剂的成型及机械强度研究[D].杭州:浙江工业大学,2005.
[11]吴东方.固体催化剂机械强度的基础研究[D].天津:天津大学,2002.
[12]LI S,LI Q.Method of meshing ITZ structure in 3Dmeso-level finite element analysis for concrete[J].Finite Elements in Analysis and Design,2015(93):96-106.
[13]田晓风,肖伯律,樊建中,等.纳米SiC颗粒增强2024铝基复合材料的力学性能研究[J].稀有金属,2005(4):521-525.
[14]NGUYEN T T,YVONNET Y,BORNERT M,et al.Large-scale simulations of quasi-brittle microcracking in realistic highly heterogeneous microstructures obtained from micro CT imaging[J].Extreme Mechanics Letters,2017(17):50-55.
[15]LE V D,SAINTIER N,MOREL F,et al.Osmond,Investigation of the effect of porosity on the high cycle fatigue behaviour of cast Al-Si alloy by X-ray microtomography[J].International Journal of Fatigue,2017(106):24-37.
[16]张臻,闫宁霞,张迎雪.基于CT图像的界面强度对混凝土力学性能影响[J].混凝土,2017(10):37-40,51.