西准噶尔乌兰柯顺地区牙形刺生物地层和沉积环境研究新进展
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摘要
西准噶尔地区的乌兰柯顺剖面从晚泥盆世朱鲁木特组至早石炭世黑山头组地层连续,单斜出露,特别是其中跨越晚泥盆世弗拉期顶部至早石炭世杜内期底部的洪古勒楞组,宏体化石、微体化石和遗迹化石以及其他相标志丰富,岩性的三分性明显:下段为灰色—灰黄色生物碎屑灰岩;中段为紫红色—灰绿色沉凝灰岩;上段为灰绿色—灰黄色生物碎屑灰岩、钙泥质碎屑岩。该剖面是我国北方构造活动区难得的完整剖面和洪古勒楞组理想的候选层型剖面。牙形刺和其他大化石的初步研究表明,该剖面洪古勒楞组的时限为晚泥盆世末弗拉期至早石炭世早杜内期。
Devonian-Carboniferous strata in the Wulankeshun region of northwestern Junggar Basin, NW China, are represented by continuous and monoclinal outcrops of the Zhulumute, Hongguleleng to Heishantou formations. In particular, the Hongguleleng Formation contains diverse macrofossils and microfossils, as well as abundant facies indicators. Lithologically, the formation can be divided into three members. The lower member is made of gray, greyish-yellow bioclastic limestones, the middle member consists of red purple or greyish-green tuffaceous deposits, and the upper member is composed of greyish-green, greyish-yellow bioclastic limestones and calcareous-pelitic clastic rocks. Considering that it is located in tectonically complex area, the Wulankeshun section is exceptionally preserved and should be regarded as a candidate for the type section of the Hongguleleng Formation. According to conodonts and other megafossils, the age of the Hongguleleng Formation ranges from the late Frasnian(Devonian) to early Tournaisian(Carboniferous).
Devonian-Carboniferous strata in the Wulankeshun region of northwestern Junggar Basin, NW China, are represented by continuous and monoclinal outcrops of the Zhulumute, Hongguleleng to Heishantou formations. In particular, the Hongguleleng Formation contains diverse macrofossils and microfossils, as well as abundant facies indicators. Lithologically, the formation can be divided into three members. The lower member is made of gray, greyish-yellow bioclastic limestones, the middle member consists of red purple or greyish-green tuffaceous deposits, and the upper member is composed of greyish-green, greyish-yellow bioclastic limestones and calcareous-pelitic clastic rocks. Considering that it is located in tectonically complex area, the Wulankeshun section is exceptionally preserved and should be regarded as a candidate for the type section of the Hongguleleng Formation. According to conodonts and other megafossils, the age of the Hongguleleng Formation ranges from the late Frasnian(Devonian) to early Tournaisian(Carboniferous).
引文
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Copper P.1994.Ancient reef ecosystem expansion and collapse.Coral Reefs,13(1):3-11.
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Fan R Y&Gong Y M.2016.Ichnological and sedimentological features of the Hongguleleng Formation(Devonian-Carboniferous transition)from the western Junggar,NW China.Palaeogeography,Palaeoclimatology,Palaeoecology,448:207-223.
Flügel E&Kiessling W.2002.Patterns of Phanerozoic reef crises.Special Publications-SEPM,72:691-733.
Hartenfels S,Becker R T,Aboussalam Z S,Hassani A E,Baidder L,Fischer T&Stichling S.2013.The upper Devonian at El Khraouia(Southern Tafilalt)//Becker R T,El Hassani A&Tahiri A eds.International Field Symposium“The Devonian and Carboniferous of Northern Gondwana”-Morocco 2013.41-50.
Hou H F,Lane N G,Water J A&Maples C G.1993.Discovery of a new Famennian echinoderm fauna from the Hongguleleng Formation of Xinjiang,with redefinition of the formation.Stratigraphy and Paleontology of China,2:1-18.
House M R.2002.Strength,timing,setting and cause of mid-Palaeozoic extinctions.Palaeogeography,Palaeoclimatology,Palaeoecology,181:5-25.
Jahn B M,Wu F,Chen B.2000.Granitoids of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt and continental growth in the Phanerozoic.Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh-Earth Sciences,91:181-193.
Joachimski M M&Buggisch W.2002.Conodont apatiteδ18O signatures indicate climatic cooling as a trigger of the Late Devonian mass extinction.Geology,30(8):711-714.
Joachimski M M,Pancost R D,Freeman K H,Ostertag-Henning C&Buggisch W.2002.Carbon isotope geochemistry of the FrasnianFamennian transition.Palaeogeography,181(1-3):91-109.
Kaiser S I,Becker R T,Spalletta C&Steuber T.2009.High-resolution conodont stratigraphy,biofacies,and extinctions around the Hangenberg Event in pelagic successionsfrom Austria,Italy,and France.Palaeontographica Americana,63:97-139.
Kaier S I,Aretz M,Becker R T.2016.The global Hangenberg Crisis(Devonian-Carboniferous transition):review of a first-order mass extinction.Geological Society,London,Special Publications,423:387-437.
Kaufmann B,Trapp E&Mezger K.2004.The Numerical Age of the Upper Frasnian(Upper Devonian)Kellwasser Horizons:A New U‐Pb Zircon Date from Steinbruch Schmidt(Kellerwald,Germany).The Journal of geology,112(4):495-501.
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