黄道婆文化的再研究
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摘要
针对目前黄道婆文化研究推论性的困境和缺陷,文章运用文献研究法和田野调查法从黄道婆文化的本质、内核、外延三个维度进行再研究。研究表明:一方面,黄道婆文化的本质为中国古代的工匠精神,其内核是乌泥泾棉纺织技术,该纺织技术是由黄道婆在黎族棉纺织技术的基础上,直接运用、改良黎族棉花加工与纺纱技术,创新式地将汉族丝织行业的整经、制纬工艺及麻织行业的织造工艺运用到棉织技术上。同时,黄道婆文化的外延则为长三角地区地域文化。另一方面,黄道婆文化是在乌泥泾棉纺织技术、棉纺织文化与长三角地区风俗互动的过程逐渐形成的一种地域文化。
According to the inferential dilemma and defects existing in the current research on Huang Daopo culture, this paper used the literature research method and field investigation method to re-evaluate the essence, core, and extension of Huang Daopo culture. The research shows that, on the one hand, the essence of Huang Daopo culture is the spirit of ancient Chinese craftsmen. Its core is the Wunijing cotton textile technology, while the cotton textile technology is directly used by Huang Daopo based on Li textile technology. The improved Li nationality cotton processing and spinning technology has innovatively applied the warping and weaving techniques of the Han silk weaving industry and the weaving process of the Maw industry to the cotton weaving technology. At the same time, the extension of Huang Daopo culture is the regional culture of the Yangtze River Delta region. On the other hand, Huang Daopo culture is a regional culture which gradually formed in the interactive process of Wunijing cotton textile technology, cotton textile culture and the Yangtze River Delta region.
According to the inferential dilemma and defects existing in the current research on Huang Daopo culture, this paper used the literature research method and field investigation method to re-evaluate the essence, core, and extension of Huang Daopo culture. The research shows that, on the one hand, the essence of Huang Daopo culture is the spirit of ancient Chinese craftsmen. Its core is the Wunijing cotton textile technology, while the cotton textile technology is directly used by Huang Daopo based on Li textile technology. The improved Li nationality cotton processing and spinning technology has innovatively applied the warping and weaving techniques of the Han silk weaving industry and the weaving process of the Maw industry to the cotton weaving technology. At the same time, the extension of Huang Daopo culture is the regional culture of the Yangtze River Delta region. On the other hand, Huang Daopo culture is a regional culture which gradually formed in the interactive process of Wunijing cotton textile technology, cotton textile culture and the Yangtze River Delta region.
引文
[1]李强, 李斌. 黄道婆研究的考辨[J]. 丝绸, 2016,53(9): 75-80.LI Qiang, LI Bin. A further study on Huang Daopo [J]. Journal of Silk, 2016,53(9): 75-80.
[2]李宏伟, 别应龙. 工匠精神的历史传承与当代培育[J]. 自然辩证法研究, 2015,31(8): 54-59.LI Hongwei, BIE Yinglong. A spirit of artisan’s historical inheritance and modern fostering [J]. Studies in Dialectics of Nature, 2015,31(8): 54-59.
[3]陶宗仪. 南村辍耕录[M]. 大连: 辽宁教育出版社, 1998: 288.TAO Zongyi. Farming in Nan Village [M]. Dalian: Liaoning Education Press, 1998: 288.
[4]陈金林. 上海郊县地名考(十三)乌泥泾考[J]. 上海师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版), 1984(3): 49.CHEN Jinlin. The textual research on toponym of Wunijing Town, Shanghai [J]. Journal of Shanghai Teachers University (Humanities and Social Sciences), 1984(3): 49.
[5]陈登泉, 宋浩杰. 乌泥泾手工棉纺织技艺[M]. 上海: 上海文化出版社, 2010: 38.CHEN Dengquan, SONG Haojie. Wunijing Manual Cotton Textile Technology [M]. Shanghai: Shanghai Cultural Press, 2010: 38.
[6]樊树志. 乌泥泾与黄道婆:纪念上海建城七百年[J]. 复旦学报(社会科学版), 1991(5): 38-45.FAN Shuzhi. Wu Nie and Huang Daopo: commemorating the seven thousand years of Shanghai’s construction of the city [J]. Fudan Journal(Social Sciences Edition), 1991(5): 38-45.
[7]郭厚安. 明代江南重赋问题析[J]. 西北师大学报(社会科学版), 1984(4): 11-19.GUO Houan. An analysis of the re-evaluation of Jiangnan in the Ming dynasty [J]. Journal of Northwest Normal University (Social Science Edition), 1984(4): 11-19.
[8]李修生. 二十四史全译·元史(第三册)[M]. 上海: 汉语大词典出版社, 2004: 1860.LI Xiusheng. Twenty-Four Histories Translation: History of Yuan (Volume III) [M]. Shanghai: Chinese Dictionary Press, 2004: 1860.
[9]范金民. 明清江南重赋问题述论[J]. 中国经济史研究, 1996(3): 108-123.FAN Jinmin. On the re-evaluation of Jiangnan in the Ming and Qing dynasties[J]. Researches in Chinese Economic History, 1996(3):108-123.
[10]库恩. 关于黄道婆(13世纪)的传说:从纺织专家到种艺英雄[J]. 胡萍,译.农业考古, 1992(3):128-131.DIETER Kuhn. Legends of Huang Daopo(13th century): from textile expert to planting hero[J]. Translated by HU Ping. Agricultural Archaeology, 1992(3):128-131.
[11]王祯.王祯农书[M].王毓瑚,校.北京:农业出版社,1981:415-416.WANG Zhen.Wang Zhen Nong Shu[M].Collated by WANG Yuhu. Beijing: Agricultural Press, 1981: 415-416.
[12]王翠娥. 海南黎族纺织工艺考释[C]// 李铁柱. 中国博物馆协会民族博物馆专业委员会2011年年会暨学术研讨会. 2011:468-477.WANG Cui’e. Explaining the textile technique of Li nationality in Hainan [C]// LI Tiezhu. 2011 Annual Meeting and Academic Seminar of the National Museums Committee of China Museum Association. 2011: 468-477.
[13]仲富兰. 黄道婆与淞沪棉花传播考略[J]. 历史教学问题, 2006(6): 21-24.ZHONG Fulan. Huang Daopo and Quhu cotton communication study [J]. History Teaching, 2006(6): 21-24.
[14]王永莉. 丝绸之路河西走廊段赛神风俗的时空分布与文化意蕴[J]. 长安大学学报(社会科学版), 2014,16(3): 14-18.WANG Yongli. Temporal-spatial distribution and cultural implications of Sai Shen custom in Hexi Corridor of Silk Road [J]. Journal of Chang’an University(Social Science Edition), 2014,16(3): 14-18.
[15]毕旭玲. 论中国纺织女神的祭祀礼俗及其影响[J]. 长江大学学报(社会科学版), 2007, 30(5): 14-19.BI Xuling. On the sacrificial ceremony for Chinese weaving goddesses and the influence [J]. Journal of Yangtze University (Social Sciences), 2007, 30(5): 14-19.
[2]李宏伟, 别应龙. 工匠精神的历史传承与当代培育[J]. 自然辩证法研究, 2015,31(8): 54-59.LI Hongwei, BIE Yinglong. A spirit of artisan’s historical inheritance and modern fostering [J]. Studies in Dialectics of Nature, 2015,31(8): 54-59.
[3]陶宗仪. 南村辍耕录[M]. 大连: 辽宁教育出版社, 1998: 288.TAO Zongyi. Farming in Nan Village [M]. Dalian: Liaoning Education Press, 1998: 288.
[4]陈金林. 上海郊县地名考(十三)乌泥泾考[J]. 上海师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版), 1984(3): 49.CHEN Jinlin. The textual research on toponym of Wunijing Town, Shanghai [J]. Journal of Shanghai Teachers University (Humanities and Social Sciences), 1984(3): 49.
[5]陈登泉, 宋浩杰. 乌泥泾手工棉纺织技艺[M]. 上海: 上海文化出版社, 2010: 38.CHEN Dengquan, SONG Haojie. Wunijing Manual Cotton Textile Technology [M]. Shanghai: Shanghai Cultural Press, 2010: 38.
[6]樊树志. 乌泥泾与黄道婆:纪念上海建城七百年[J]. 复旦学报(社会科学版), 1991(5): 38-45.FAN Shuzhi. Wu Nie and Huang Daopo: commemorating the seven thousand years of Shanghai’s construction of the city [J]. Fudan Journal(Social Sciences Edition), 1991(5): 38-45.
[7]郭厚安. 明代江南重赋问题析[J]. 西北师大学报(社会科学版), 1984(4): 11-19.GUO Houan. An analysis of the re-evaluation of Jiangnan in the Ming dynasty [J]. Journal of Northwest Normal University (Social Science Edition), 1984(4): 11-19.
[8]李修生. 二十四史全译·元史(第三册)[M]. 上海: 汉语大词典出版社, 2004: 1860.LI Xiusheng. Twenty-Four Histories Translation: History of Yuan (Volume III) [M]. Shanghai: Chinese Dictionary Press, 2004: 1860.
[9]范金民. 明清江南重赋问题述论[J]. 中国经济史研究, 1996(3): 108-123.FAN Jinmin. On the re-evaluation of Jiangnan in the Ming and Qing dynasties[J]. Researches in Chinese Economic History, 1996(3):108-123.
[10]库恩. 关于黄道婆(13世纪)的传说:从纺织专家到种艺英雄[J]. 胡萍,译.农业考古, 1992(3):128-131.DIETER Kuhn. Legends of Huang Daopo(13th century): from textile expert to planting hero[J]. Translated by HU Ping. Agricultural Archaeology, 1992(3):128-131.
[11]王祯.王祯农书[M].王毓瑚,校.北京:农业出版社,1981:415-416.WANG Zhen.Wang Zhen Nong Shu[M].Collated by WANG Yuhu. Beijing: Agricultural Press, 1981: 415-416.
[12]王翠娥. 海南黎族纺织工艺考释[C]// 李铁柱. 中国博物馆协会民族博物馆专业委员会2011年年会暨学术研讨会. 2011:468-477.WANG Cui’e. Explaining the textile technique of Li nationality in Hainan [C]// LI Tiezhu. 2011 Annual Meeting and Academic Seminar of the National Museums Committee of China Museum Association. 2011: 468-477.
[13]仲富兰. 黄道婆与淞沪棉花传播考略[J]. 历史教学问题, 2006(6): 21-24.ZHONG Fulan. Huang Daopo and Quhu cotton communication study [J]. History Teaching, 2006(6): 21-24.
[14]王永莉. 丝绸之路河西走廊段赛神风俗的时空分布与文化意蕴[J]. 长安大学学报(社会科学版), 2014,16(3): 14-18.WANG Yongli. Temporal-spatial distribution and cultural implications of Sai Shen custom in Hexi Corridor of Silk Road [J]. Journal of Chang’an University(Social Science Edition), 2014,16(3): 14-18.
[15]毕旭玲. 论中国纺织女神的祭祀礼俗及其影响[J]. 长江大学学报(社会科学版), 2007, 30(5): 14-19.BI Xuling. On the sacrificial ceremony for Chinese weaving goddesses and the influence [J]. Journal of Yangtze University (Social Sciences), 2007, 30(5): 14-19.