线性菲涅尔式聚光系统的镜场布置与优化
|
摘要
单根真空集热管和复合抛物面聚光器(CPC)组成的接收器(单管接收器)对线性菲涅尔式聚光系统的镜场布置有特殊要求。本文根据单管接收器的特点,提出了利用CPC最大接受半角控制镜场高宽比实现镜场无阴影布置的方法。利用几何关系推导了镜场无阴影布置的数学表达式,并给出了数值计算方法。通过算例,将一次反射镜和镜场中心的距离与镜场地面覆盖率相结合对镜场布置进行了优化。研究结果表明:对于CPC最大接受半角为45°、反射镜宽度为380mm、而反射镜列数为21的镜场,当系统无阴影工作时间确定为6h时,相邻一次反射镜间距最大为537mm较为合理,而此时地面覆盖率为73.28%。该方法对于单管接收器线性菲涅尔聚光镜场的布置具有普适性,对线性菲涅尔式聚光系统的设计具有较好的指导意义。
The single tube receiver consisting of a vacuum tube and a Compound Parabolic Concentrator(CPC)has special requirements for the mirror field arrangement of a linear Fresnel reflector system.According to the characteristics of the single tube receiver,a method of mirror field arrangement without shading was successfully presented by using CPC maximum acceptance angle to control the aspect ratio of mirror field.Practical mathematical expressions of the mirror field arrangement without shading were derived by geometric method,and concrete numerical method was given.The mirror field arrangement was optimized through combining the distance between the reflector and the center of mirror field with the ratio of ground coverage.The experiment results forthe CPC with 45°maximum acceptance angle and a mirror field with 21-mirrors and 380 mm width show that when the working time of the system without shading is set to 6 hours,the relative reasonable maximum spacing between two mirrors will be 537 nm and the corresponding ground coverage is 73.28%.For the linear Fresnel reflector system with a single tube receiver,the method of mirror field arrangement has universality and guiding significances.
The single tube receiver consisting of a vacuum tube and a Compound Parabolic Concentrator(CPC)has special requirements for the mirror field arrangement of a linear Fresnel reflector system.According to the characteristics of the single tube receiver,a method of mirror field arrangement without shading was successfully presented by using CPC maximum acceptance angle to control the aspect ratio of mirror field.Practical mathematical expressions of the mirror field arrangement without shading were derived by geometric method,and concrete numerical method was given.The mirror field arrangement was optimized through combining the distance between the reflector and the center of mirror field with the ratio of ground coverage.The experiment results forthe CPC with 45°maximum acceptance angle and a mirror field with 21-mirrors and 380 mm width show that when the working time of the system without shading is set to 6 hours,the relative reasonable maximum spacing between two mirrors will be 537 nm and the corresponding ground coverage is 73.28%.For the linear Fresnel reflector system with a single tube receiver,the method of mirror field arrangement has universality and guiding significances.
引文
[1]周求湛,张彦创,周承鹏,等.1/f噪声的精确测量及其在太阳能电池可靠性筛选中的应用[J].光学精密工程,2012(3):625-631.ZHOU Q ZH,ZHANG Y CH,ZHOU CH P,et al..Precise measurement of 1/f noise and its application to reliability screening for solar cells[J].Opt.Precision Eng.,2012(3):625-631.(in Chinese)
[2]潘其坤,张来明,谢冀江,等.基于卡塞格林结构的高倍太阳能聚光镜[J].中国光学,2012,5(4):388-393.PAN Q K,ZHANG L M,XIE J J,et al..Review of concentration system in solar thermal power plant[J].Chinese Optics,2012,5(4):388-393.(in Chinese)
[3]刘华,卢振武.可横向分光的大接收角非成像式聚光系统[J].光学精密工程,2009(12):2881-2886.U H,LU ZH W.Lateral splittable non-imaging concentrators with large acceptable angles[J].Opt.Precision Eng.,2009(12):2881-2886.(in Chinese)
[4]DUFFIE J A,BECKMAN W A.Solar Engineering of Thermal Processes[M].John Wiley&Sons,2013.
[5]KALOGIROU S A.Solar thermal collectors and applications[J].Progress in Energy and Combustion Science,2004,30(3):231-295.
[6]韩雪冰,魏秀东,卢振武,等.太阳能热发电聚光系统的研究进展[J].中国光学,2011,3(3):233-239.HAN X B,WEI X D,LU ZH W,et al..High power solar condenser based on Cassegrain structure[J].Chinese Optics,2011,3(3):233-239.(in Chinese)
[7]MILLS D R,MORRISON G L.Compact linear Fresnel reflector solar thermal power plants[J].Solar Energy,2000,68(3):263-283.
[8]NIXON J D,DAVIES P A.Cost-exergy optimisation of linear Fresnel reflectors[J].Solar Energy,2012,86(1):147-156.
[9]DAI J,ZHENG H F,SU Y H,et al..The motional design and analysis for linear Fresnel reflector system combined three-movement[J].Energy Procedia,2012,14:971-976.
[10]杜春旭,王普,吴玉庭,等.线性菲涅耳聚光系统无遮挡镜场布置的矢量分析法[J].太阳能学报,2012,33(3):397-404.DU CH X,WANG P,WU Y T,et al..Vector analysis method for LFR mirror field arrangement without shading and blocking[J].Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica,2012,33(3):397-404.(in Chinese)
[11]WANG C L,MA J,FAN D W.Optimization design and simulation study of a CPC for LFR system[J].Advanced Materials Research,2014,953-954:74-77.
[12]杜春旭,王普,吴玉庭,等.线性菲涅耳不同镜场光学性能比较[J].太阳能学报,2013,34(8):1353-1359.DU CH X,WANG P,WU Y T,et al..Compares of optical performance of different aligned linear fresnel mirror field[J].Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica,2013,34(8):1353-1359.(in Chinese)
[13]王成龙,马军,范多旺.线性菲涅尔式聚光系统单管接收器的设计及优化[J].中国科学:技术科学,2014,44:1-6.WANG CH L,MA J,FAN D W.Design and analysis of a CPC with single vacuum tube for linear Fresnel reflector system[J].Sci.Sin.Tech.,2014,44:1-6.(in Chinese)
[2]潘其坤,张来明,谢冀江,等.基于卡塞格林结构的高倍太阳能聚光镜[J].中国光学,2012,5(4):388-393.PAN Q K,ZHANG L M,XIE J J,et al..Review of concentration system in solar thermal power plant[J].Chinese Optics,2012,5(4):388-393.(in Chinese)
[3]刘华,卢振武.可横向分光的大接收角非成像式聚光系统[J].光学精密工程,2009(12):2881-2886.U H,LU ZH W.Lateral splittable non-imaging concentrators with large acceptable angles[J].Opt.Precision Eng.,2009(12):2881-2886.(in Chinese)
[4]DUFFIE J A,BECKMAN W A.Solar Engineering of Thermal Processes[M].John Wiley&Sons,2013.
[5]KALOGIROU S A.Solar thermal collectors and applications[J].Progress in Energy and Combustion Science,2004,30(3):231-295.
[6]韩雪冰,魏秀东,卢振武,等.太阳能热发电聚光系统的研究进展[J].中国光学,2011,3(3):233-239.HAN X B,WEI X D,LU ZH W,et al..High power solar condenser based on Cassegrain structure[J].Chinese Optics,2011,3(3):233-239.(in Chinese)
[7]MILLS D R,MORRISON G L.Compact linear Fresnel reflector solar thermal power plants[J].Solar Energy,2000,68(3):263-283.
[8]NIXON J D,DAVIES P A.Cost-exergy optimisation of linear Fresnel reflectors[J].Solar Energy,2012,86(1):147-156.
[9]DAI J,ZHENG H F,SU Y H,et al..The motional design and analysis for linear Fresnel reflector system combined three-movement[J].Energy Procedia,2012,14:971-976.
[10]杜春旭,王普,吴玉庭,等.线性菲涅耳聚光系统无遮挡镜场布置的矢量分析法[J].太阳能学报,2012,33(3):397-404.DU CH X,WANG P,WU Y T,et al..Vector analysis method for LFR mirror field arrangement without shading and blocking[J].Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica,2012,33(3):397-404.(in Chinese)
[11]WANG C L,MA J,FAN D W.Optimization design and simulation study of a CPC for LFR system[J].Advanced Materials Research,2014,953-954:74-77.
[12]杜春旭,王普,吴玉庭,等.线性菲涅耳不同镜场光学性能比较[J].太阳能学报,2013,34(8):1353-1359.DU CH X,WANG P,WU Y T,et al..Compares of optical performance of different aligned linear fresnel mirror field[J].Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica,2013,34(8):1353-1359.(in Chinese)
[13]王成龙,马军,范多旺.线性菲涅尔式聚光系统单管接收器的设计及优化[J].中国科学:技术科学,2014,44:1-6.WANG CH L,MA J,FAN D W.Design and analysis of a CPC with single vacuum tube for linear Fresnel reflector system[J].Sci.Sin.Tech.,2014,44:1-6.(in Chinese)