绥芬河大麻哈鱼的生长分析
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摘要
为了解绥芬河大麻哈鱼(Oncorhynchus keta Walbaum)的年龄、生长以及初次性成熟叉长情况。通过对20152017年采捕到的绥芬河大麻哈鱼洄游群体241个样本的鳞片观察和基础生物学测定,将其分为1~+、2~+、3~+、4~+、5~+五个年龄组,采用Von Bertalanffy生长方程模拟了大麻哈鱼不同性成熟年龄以及雌、雄个体间的生长,通过最大似然法估计模型的参数。残差平方和分析(ARSS)显示,绥芬河大麻哈鱼雌、雄个体间以及不同性成熟年龄组(2~+,3~+)间的生长差异显著。采用Logistic曲线方程拟合了绥芬河大麻哈鱼的性成熟概率曲线,结果显示大麻哈鱼雌性个体的50%初次性成熟叉长(L_(50))比雄性大,ARSS分析结果表明不同年份间雌、雄个体的性成熟概率差异极其显著。此外,调查结果显示绥芬河大麻哈鱼的平均叉长有减小的趋势,且出现低龄(1~+龄)个体。
A total of 241 individual samples of Oncorhynchus keta were collected in autumn from 2015 to 2017 to study the age, growth and maturity probability of this species from Suifen River. Biological parameters of fork length and body weight were measured at the field, scales were taken into the laboratory for aging. Results showed the samples were divided into 1~+, 2~+, 3~+, 4~+ and 5~+ five age groups. Special Von Bertalanffy growth formula(VBGF) was used to simulate the fork length growth of 2~+ and 3~+ age groups. A maximum likelihood estimation procedure was used to fit the function. Analysis of the residual sum of squares(ARSS)was used to analyze the difference between different groups. The results suggested that significant differences were exited in growth between male and female individuals and between 2~+ and 3~+ age groups. The significant differences in growth of O. keta from different geographic populations(Suifen River and Ussuri River) were also found in this study. Male and female individuals were analyzed independently. Logistic curvilinear equation was used to simulate the maturity probability of O. keta. The results showed that the fork length at 50% first sexual mature(L_(50)) of female individuals were larger than male individuals. Meanwhile, the L_(50) of O. keta from Suifen River in different collection year fluctuated significantly. The results of ARSS showed that there were significant differences in maturity probability between male and female individuals. In addition, the results showed that the average fork length of O. keta from Suifen River tended to decrease, and the young individuals(1~+ age) were also detected.
A total of 241 individual samples of Oncorhynchus keta were collected in autumn from 2015 to 2017 to study the age, growth and maturity probability of this species from Suifen River. Biological parameters of fork length and body weight were measured at the field, scales were taken into the laboratory for aging. Results showed the samples were divided into 1~+, 2~+, 3~+, 4~+ and 5~+ five age groups. Special Von Bertalanffy growth formula(VBGF) was used to simulate the fork length growth of 2~+ and 3~+ age groups. A maximum likelihood estimation procedure was used to fit the function. Analysis of the residual sum of squares(ARSS)was used to analyze the difference between different groups. The results suggested that significant differences were exited in growth between male and female individuals and between 2~+ and 3~+ age groups. The significant differences in growth of O. keta from different geographic populations(Suifen River and Ussuri River) were also found in this study. Male and female individuals were analyzed independently. Logistic curvilinear equation was used to simulate the maturity probability of O. keta. The results showed that the fork length at 50% first sexual mature(L_(50)) of female individuals were larger than male individuals. Meanwhile, the L_(50) of O. keta from Suifen River in different collection year fluctuated significantly. The results of ARSS showed that there were significant differences in maturity probability between male and female individuals. In addition, the results showed that the average fork length of O. keta from Suifen River tended to decrease, and the young individuals(1~+ age) were also detected.
引文
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[22]Yukimasa I,Soto O I,Masahide K,et al.Recent changes in age and size of chum salmon(Oncorhynchus keta) in the North Pacific Ocean and possible causes[J].Can J Fish Aquat Sci,1993,50(2):290-295.
[23]Kentaro M,Shoko H M,Masa A F.Rule of age and size at maturity of chum salmon(Oncorhynchus keta):implications of recent trends among Oncorhynchus spp[J].Can J Fish Aquat Sci,,2005,62(12):2752-2759.
[24]Reimers E,Kjorrefjord A G,Stavostrand S M,Compensatory growth and reduced maturation in second sea winter farmed Atlantic salmon following starvation in February and March[J].J Fish Biol,1993,43(5):805-810
[25]Helse T E,Almeida F P.Density dependent growth and sexual maturity of silver hake in the north-west Atlantic [J].J Fish Biol,1997,51(3):607-623.
[26]Letcher B H,Terrick T D.Maturation of male age-0 Atlantic samlon following a massive,localized flood [J].J Fish Biol,1998,53(6):1243-1252.
[27]Cardinale M,Modin J.Changes in size at maturity of Baltic cod(Gadus morhua) during a period of large variations in stock size and environmental conditions [J].Fish Res,1999,41(3):285-295.
[28]朱鑫华,缪锋,线薇薇.鱼类补偿生长及其对资源生态学特征的影响[J].水产学报,2001,25(3):265-269.
[2] Chen J P,Sun D J,Dong C Z,et al.Genetic analysis of four wild chum salmon Oncorhynchus keta populations in China based on microsatellite markers[J].Environ Biol Fish,2005,73(2):181-188.
[3]董崇智,李根钢.绥芬河大麻哈鱼类溯河群体结构的初步研究[J].水产学报,1989,13(2):124-132.
[4]董崇智,张觉民.绥芬河大麻哈鱼类种群生态的初步研究[J].海洋科学,1993,(3):59-63.
[5]王继隆,唐富江,朱翥,等.乌苏里江秋大麻哈鱼生殖洄游群体结构特征与分析[J].湖南农业科学,2011,(21):120-123.
[6]王继隆,唐富江,刘伟.大麻哈鱼的年龄与生长[J].水生生物学报,2012,36(6):1149-1155.
[7]王继隆,刘伟,唐富江,等.乌苏里江大麻哈鱼年龄结构及异龄组间生长差异[J].上海海洋大学学报,2013,22(1):88-92.
[8]王继隆,刘伟,唐富江.黑龙江水系(中国)大麻哈鱼生物学特征分析[J].中国水产科学,2013,20(1):93-100.
[9]Morita K,Fukuwaka M A.Does size matter most?The effect of growth history on probabilistic reaction norm for salmon maturation [J].Evolution,2006,60(7):1516-1521.
[10] Morita K,Shoko H M,Fukuwaka M A,et al.Rule of age and size at maturity of chum salmon(Oncorhynchus keta):implications of recent trends among Oncorhynchus spp [J].Can J Fish Aquat Sci,2005,(62):2752-2759.
[11] Fukuwaka M A,Morita K.A back-calculation method for estimating individual growth of juvenile chum salmon by scale analysis[J].Hokkaido Salmon Hatch,1994,(48):1-9.
[12] Pauly D,Munro J L.Once more on the comparison of growth in fish and invertebrates[J].Fishbyte,1984,(2):21-23.
[13] Chen Y,Jackson D A,Harvey H H.A comparison of von Bertalanffy and polynomial functions in the modeling fish growth data[J].Can J Fish Aquat Sci,1992,49(6):1228-1235.
[14]Ricardo T,Piero V,Miguel R,et al.Dynamics of maturation,seasonality of reproduction and spawning grounds of the jumbo squid Dosidicus gigas(Cephalopoda:Ommastrephidae) in Peruvian waters[J].Fish Res,2001,54(1):33-50.
[15]Silverstein J T,Shearer K D,Dickhoff W W.Effects of growth and fatness on sexual development of chinook salmon(Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) parr[J].Can J Fish Aquat Sci,1998,55(11):2376-2382.
[16]Campbell B,Dickey J T,Swanson D.Endocrine changes during onset of puberty in male spring chinook salmon,Oncorhynchus tshawytscha[J].Biol Reprod,2003,69(6):2109-2117.
[17]Ishida Y,Ito S,Kaeriyama M.Recent changes in age and size of Chum salmon(Oncorhynchus keta) in the North Pacific Ocean and possible causes[J].Can J Fish Aquat Sci,1993,50(2):290-295.
[18]Volobuev V V.Long-term changes in the biological parameters of Chum salmon of the Okhotsk Sea[J].NPAFC Bull,2000,(2):175-180.
[19]Beverly A A,Gregory T R,Lorna I W,et al.Historical growth of Bristol Bay and Yukon River,Alaska chum salmon(Oncorhynchus keta) in relation to climate and inter- and intraspecific competition [J].Deep-Sea Research II,2013,94(4):165-177.
[20]John H H,Margaret S H.Changes in size and age at maturity of two North American stocks of chum salmon(Oncorhynchus keta) before and after a major regime shift in the North Pacific Ocean[J].NPAFC Bulletin,2003,(1):81-89.
[21]Kaev A.Dynamics of some biological indexes of Oncorhynchus keta in connection with the formation of its numbers[J].J Ichthyol,1999,88:642-651.
[22]Yukimasa I,Soto O I,Masahide K,et al.Recent changes in age and size of chum salmon(Oncorhynchus keta) in the North Pacific Ocean and possible causes[J].Can J Fish Aquat Sci,1993,50(2):290-295.
[23]Kentaro M,Shoko H M,Masa A F.Rule of age and size at maturity of chum salmon(Oncorhynchus keta):implications of recent trends among Oncorhynchus spp[J].Can J Fish Aquat Sci,,2005,62(12):2752-2759.
[24]Reimers E,Kjorrefjord A G,Stavostrand S M,Compensatory growth and reduced maturation in second sea winter farmed Atlantic salmon following starvation in February and March[J].J Fish Biol,1993,43(5):805-810
[25]Helse T E,Almeida F P.Density dependent growth and sexual maturity of silver hake in the north-west Atlantic [J].J Fish Biol,1997,51(3):607-623.
[26]Letcher B H,Terrick T D.Maturation of male age-0 Atlantic samlon following a massive,localized flood [J].J Fish Biol,1998,53(6):1243-1252.
[27]Cardinale M,Modin J.Changes in size at maturity of Baltic cod(Gadus morhua) during a period of large variations in stock size and environmental conditions [J].Fish Res,1999,41(3):285-295.
[28]朱鑫华,缪锋,线薇薇.鱼类补偿生长及其对资源生态学特征的影响[J].水产学报,2001,25(3):265-269.