配电线路单相断线故障保护方法
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摘要
为了减小单相断线故障对供电质量造成的不良影响,针对配电线路单相断线故障,提出了一套系统的保护方法。利用电路原理和中性点电压偏移理论,对简单断线故障和伴随接地的复杂故障情况下线路首末两端电压和流经线路的电流特征进行了分析,总结了各电气量的变化规律,提出了一组由电流判据和电压判据组成的单相断线故障判断和保护方法。研究了基于电压判据的断线故障类型及故障区段的判断方法,进一步分析了不对称运行、互感器断线等异常情况对所提判据的影响和相应的改进方案。利用PSCAD/EMTDC仿真软件进行了算例仿真,结果验证了理论分析结果的正确性和断线故障保护方法的有效性。
In order to reduce the adverse effect caused by single-phase broken-line fault to the power supply quality, a systematic protection method is proposed for the single-phase broken-line fault of the distribution line. Using circuit principle and neutral point voltage shift theory, this paper analyses and summarizes the features of the voltages at both ends of the fault line and the current flowing through the fault line when single-phase broken-line fault with or without a grounding fault occurs. The judgement and protection method that consists of the current criterion and the voltage criterions for single-phase broken-line fault is proposed. The methods for judging the fault type and the fault location are studied based on the voltage criterions. The influences of abnormal operating status like asymmetry operation and transformer disconnection on the criterion and the corresponding protection methods are analyzed. Simulation is carried out in PSCAD/EMTDC, which ensures the correctness of the theoretical analysis and the effectiveness of the protection methods.
In order to reduce the adverse effect caused by single-phase broken-line fault to the power supply quality, a systematic protection method is proposed for the single-phase broken-line fault of the distribution line. Using circuit principle and neutral point voltage shift theory, this paper analyses and summarizes the features of the voltages at both ends of the fault line and the current flowing through the fault line when single-phase broken-line fault with or without a grounding fault occurs. The judgement and protection method that consists of the current criterion and the voltage criterions for single-phase broken-line fault is proposed. The methods for judging the fault type and the fault location are studied based on the voltage criterions. The influences of abnormal operating status like asymmetry operation and transformer disconnection on the criterion and the corresponding protection methods are analyzed. Simulation is carried out in PSCAD/EMTDC, which ensures the correctness of the theoretical analysis and the effectiveness of the protection methods.
引文
[1]SINGH M.Protection coordination in distribution systems with and without distributed energy resources-a review[J].Protection and Control of Modern Power Systems,2017,2(2):294-310.DOI:10.1186/s41601-017-0061-1.
[2]谢俊,李勇,刘宏君,等.线路纵联零序方向保护误动机理分析及对策研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(4):19-25.XIE Jun,LI Yong,LIU Hongjun,et al.Mechanism analysis and countermeasure research on the misoperation of the zero sequence directional pilot protection of line[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(4):19-25.
[3]张慧芬,桑在中.架空线单相断线接地复故障分析[J].中国电力,2013,46(2):65-71.ZHANG Huifen,SANG Zaizhong.Analysis of single-phase grounding fault with line-broken on overhead transmission lines[J].Electric Power,2013,46(2):65-71.
[4]李博通,李永丽,李洪波,等.同杆双回线断线故障复合序网分析法[J].电力系统自动化,2010,34(8):76-80.LI Botong,LI Yongli,LI Hongbo,et al.New method for break-conductor fault analysis on double-circuit transmission lines based on interconnection of sequence networks[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2010,34(8):76-80.
[5]张慧芬,潘贞存,桑在中.小电流接地系统单相断线加接地故障的分析[J].继电器,2004,32(18):6-9.ZHANG Huifen,PAN Zhencun,SANG Zaizhong.Analysis of complex line breaking and grounding fault in the power system with neutral point indirectly grounded[J].Relay,2004,32(18):6-9.
[6]余水忠,潘兰.小电流接地系统的非短路故障分析[J].电力系统保护与控制,2009,37(20):74-78.YU Shuizhong,PAN Lan.Analysis of not-short circuit faults in neutral indirectly grounding system[J].Power System Protection and Control,2009,37(20):74-78.
[7]朱玲玲,李长凯,张华中,等.配电网单相断线故障负序电流分析及选线[J].电力系统保护与控制,2009,37(9):35-38,43.ZHU Lingling,LI Changkai,ZHANG Huazhong,et al.Negative sequence current distributing and single-phase open-line fault protection in distribution network[J].Power System Protection and Control,2009,37(9):35-38,43.
[8]马腾.10 kV配电线路断线故障检测与定位研究[D].济南:山东大学,2013.MA Teng.Line-break fault detection and location of 10 kVdistribution line[D].Jinan:Shandong University,2013.
[9]尤毅,刘东,李亮,等.基于负荷监测仪的10 kV架空线单相断线不接地故障区域判定[J].电力系统保护与控制,2012,40(19):144-149.YOU Yi,LIU Dong,LI Liang,et al.Detection method based on load monitoring for 10 kV overhead line singlephase ungrounded open fault area[J].Power System Protection and Control,2012,40(19):144-149.
[10]朱玲玲.基于小波变换配电网单相断线故障选线与定位[D].乌鲁木齐:新疆大学,2009.ZHU Lingling.Based on wave-let transform single-phaseline-open fault selection and location of distribution system[D].Urumchi:Xinjiang University,2009.
[11]朱玲玲,张华中,王正刚,等.基于小波神经网络单相断线故障选线和定位[J].电力系统保护与控制,2011,39(4):12-17.ZHU Lingling,ZHANG Huazhong,WANG Zhenggang,et al.Single-phase open-line fault selection and location based on wavelet neural networks[J].Power System Protection and Control,2011,39(4):12-17.
[12]屈刚,李长凯.配电网架空线路断线故障定位[J].电力自动化设备,2005,25(12):35-38.QU Gang,LI Changkai.Fault locating of non-grounding line break in distribution network[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2005,25(12):35-38.
[13]弋东方.关于6~10 kV电网中性点接地方式的讨论[J].电网技术,1998,22(7):27-30.YI Dongfang.Research on neutral grounding in 6~10 kVpower networks[J].Power System Technology,1998,22(7):27-30.
[14]郭丽伟,薛永端,徐丙垠,等.中性点接地方式对供电可靠性的影响分析[J].电网技术,2015,39(8):2340-2345.GUO Liwei,XUE Yongduan,XU Bingyin,et al.Research on effects of neutral grounding modes on power supply reliability in distribution networks[J].Power System Technology,2015,39(8):2340-2345.
[15]KANG Qibao,CONG Wei,WANG Mengxia,et al.Analyses and judgment methods of single-phase broken-line fault for loaded distribution line[C]//2016 IEEE PESAsia-Pacific Power and Energy Engineering Conference(APPEEC),October 25-28,2016,Xi'an,China:482-486.
[16]徐玉琴,杨浩,李鹏.不同接地方式电缆型配电网单相接地故障下的可靠性评估[J].电力系统保护与控制,2018,46(13):41-47.HE Yuqin,YANG Hao,LI Peng.Reliability evaluation of different grounding cable networks on single-phase grounding fault[J].Power System Protection and Control,2018,46(13):41-47.
[17]陈禾,陈维贤.配电网中性点电位的作图分析[J].高电压技术,2004,30(9):22-23.CHEN He,CHEN Weixian.Graphic analysis of neutral potential in distribution networks[J].High Voltage Engineering,2004,30(9):22-23.
[18]吴红斌,丁明,宋金川,等.线路保护中PT断线判据的分析和改进[J].继电器,2004,32(3):63-65.WU Hongbin,DING Ming,SONG Jinchuan,et al.Analysis and improvement of PT breaking criterion in line protection[J].Relay,2004,32(3):63-65.
[19]文明浩.线路纵差保护CT二次断线判据分析[J].继电器,2006,34(18):1-3.WEN Minghao.Analysis of second loop break criterion of CT used in differential protection of transmission line[J].Relay,2006,34(18):1-3.
[20]张五一,张言滨,刘华伟.配电网三相负荷不对称的线损分析[J].继电器,2007,35(7):24-27.ZHANG Wuyi,ZHANG Yanbin,LIU Huawei.Circuit loss analysis of three-phase unbalanced circuit in distribution network[J].Relay,2007,35(7):24-27.
[21]朱忆洋,都洪基,赵青春.不对称参数同杆双回线选相方法研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(15):133-139.ZHU Yiyang,DU Hongji,ZHAO Qingchun.Research on phase selection for double-circuit lines on the same tower with asymmetrical parameters[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(15):133-139.
[2]谢俊,李勇,刘宏君,等.线路纵联零序方向保护误动机理分析及对策研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(4):19-25.XIE Jun,LI Yong,LIU Hongjun,et al.Mechanism analysis and countermeasure research on the misoperation of the zero sequence directional pilot protection of line[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(4):19-25.
[3]张慧芬,桑在中.架空线单相断线接地复故障分析[J].中国电力,2013,46(2):65-71.ZHANG Huifen,SANG Zaizhong.Analysis of single-phase grounding fault with line-broken on overhead transmission lines[J].Electric Power,2013,46(2):65-71.
[4]李博通,李永丽,李洪波,等.同杆双回线断线故障复合序网分析法[J].电力系统自动化,2010,34(8):76-80.LI Botong,LI Yongli,LI Hongbo,et al.New method for break-conductor fault analysis on double-circuit transmission lines based on interconnection of sequence networks[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2010,34(8):76-80.
[5]张慧芬,潘贞存,桑在中.小电流接地系统单相断线加接地故障的分析[J].继电器,2004,32(18):6-9.ZHANG Huifen,PAN Zhencun,SANG Zaizhong.Analysis of complex line breaking and grounding fault in the power system with neutral point indirectly grounded[J].Relay,2004,32(18):6-9.
[6]余水忠,潘兰.小电流接地系统的非短路故障分析[J].电力系统保护与控制,2009,37(20):74-78.YU Shuizhong,PAN Lan.Analysis of not-short circuit faults in neutral indirectly grounding system[J].Power System Protection and Control,2009,37(20):74-78.
[7]朱玲玲,李长凯,张华中,等.配电网单相断线故障负序电流分析及选线[J].电力系统保护与控制,2009,37(9):35-38,43.ZHU Lingling,LI Changkai,ZHANG Huazhong,et al.Negative sequence current distributing and single-phase open-line fault protection in distribution network[J].Power System Protection and Control,2009,37(9):35-38,43.
[8]马腾.10 kV配电线路断线故障检测与定位研究[D].济南:山东大学,2013.MA Teng.Line-break fault detection and location of 10 kVdistribution line[D].Jinan:Shandong University,2013.
[9]尤毅,刘东,李亮,等.基于负荷监测仪的10 kV架空线单相断线不接地故障区域判定[J].电力系统保护与控制,2012,40(19):144-149.YOU Yi,LIU Dong,LI Liang,et al.Detection method based on load monitoring for 10 kV overhead line singlephase ungrounded open fault area[J].Power System Protection and Control,2012,40(19):144-149.
[10]朱玲玲.基于小波变换配电网单相断线故障选线与定位[D].乌鲁木齐:新疆大学,2009.ZHU Lingling.Based on wave-let transform single-phaseline-open fault selection and location of distribution system[D].Urumchi:Xinjiang University,2009.
[11]朱玲玲,张华中,王正刚,等.基于小波神经网络单相断线故障选线和定位[J].电力系统保护与控制,2011,39(4):12-17.ZHU Lingling,ZHANG Huazhong,WANG Zhenggang,et al.Single-phase open-line fault selection and location based on wavelet neural networks[J].Power System Protection and Control,2011,39(4):12-17.
[12]屈刚,李长凯.配电网架空线路断线故障定位[J].电力自动化设备,2005,25(12):35-38.QU Gang,LI Changkai.Fault locating of non-grounding line break in distribution network[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2005,25(12):35-38.
[13]弋东方.关于6~10 kV电网中性点接地方式的讨论[J].电网技术,1998,22(7):27-30.YI Dongfang.Research on neutral grounding in 6~10 kVpower networks[J].Power System Technology,1998,22(7):27-30.
[14]郭丽伟,薛永端,徐丙垠,等.中性点接地方式对供电可靠性的影响分析[J].电网技术,2015,39(8):2340-2345.GUO Liwei,XUE Yongduan,XU Bingyin,et al.Research on effects of neutral grounding modes on power supply reliability in distribution networks[J].Power System Technology,2015,39(8):2340-2345.
[15]KANG Qibao,CONG Wei,WANG Mengxia,et al.Analyses and judgment methods of single-phase broken-line fault for loaded distribution line[C]//2016 IEEE PESAsia-Pacific Power and Energy Engineering Conference(APPEEC),October 25-28,2016,Xi'an,China:482-486.
[16]徐玉琴,杨浩,李鹏.不同接地方式电缆型配电网单相接地故障下的可靠性评估[J].电力系统保护与控制,2018,46(13):41-47.HE Yuqin,YANG Hao,LI Peng.Reliability evaluation of different grounding cable networks on single-phase grounding fault[J].Power System Protection and Control,2018,46(13):41-47.
[17]陈禾,陈维贤.配电网中性点电位的作图分析[J].高电压技术,2004,30(9):22-23.CHEN He,CHEN Weixian.Graphic analysis of neutral potential in distribution networks[J].High Voltage Engineering,2004,30(9):22-23.
[18]吴红斌,丁明,宋金川,等.线路保护中PT断线判据的分析和改进[J].继电器,2004,32(3):63-65.WU Hongbin,DING Ming,SONG Jinchuan,et al.Analysis and improvement of PT breaking criterion in line protection[J].Relay,2004,32(3):63-65.
[19]文明浩.线路纵差保护CT二次断线判据分析[J].继电器,2006,34(18):1-3.WEN Minghao.Analysis of second loop break criterion of CT used in differential protection of transmission line[J].Relay,2006,34(18):1-3.
[20]张五一,张言滨,刘华伟.配电网三相负荷不对称的线损分析[J].继电器,2007,35(7):24-27.ZHANG Wuyi,ZHANG Yanbin,LIU Huawei.Circuit loss analysis of three-phase unbalanced circuit in distribution network[J].Relay,2007,35(7):24-27.
[21]朱忆洋,都洪基,赵青春.不对称参数同杆双回线选相方法研究[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(15):133-139.ZHU Yiyang,DU Hongji,ZHAO Qingchun.Research on phase selection for double-circuit lines on the same tower with asymmetrical parameters[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(15):133-139.