台风及海洋气象一体化预报平台的开发与应用
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摘要
台风及海洋气象一体化预报平台为面向台风和海洋气象业务的预报预警服务的支撑系统,集数据采集、转换、预报、分析、产品制作、发布等功能于一体。该平台基于人机交互气象信息处理和天气预报制作系统MICAPS4(Meteorological Information Comprehensive Analysis and Processing System Version 4)框架开发,结合台风、海洋气象新型的观测和预报数据,实现台风、海洋气象数据的集约化检索与显示、精细化格点编辑、台风和海洋气象产品制作、产品发布等功能。台风及海洋气象一体化预报平台设计基于面向服务和分层体系结构,采用组件化设计方法,涵盖数据解析、分析处理、产品制作、交互工具、配置管理等核心组件,形成可扩展的业务功能模块和二次开发接口,目前已作为中央气象台台风海洋气象预报预警业务的主要平台投入使用。
Typhoon and Marine Meteorological Integrated Operational System, designed for typhoon and marine meteorological warning and forecasting operations, is an integrated platform based on MICAPS4(Meteorological Information Comprehensive Analysis and Processing System Version 4) framework, providing functions of information retrieval, displaying of typhoon track, marine meteorological observations and numerical forecast products, as well as service product production, distribution and other functions.Typhoon and Marine Meteorological Integrated Operational System consists of three layers, namely,data layer, application component layer and operational service layer. The data layer refers to the database, file system and corresponding processing and management system of the application server. It mainly includes the management and maintenance of the typhoon real-time database, the marine meteorological product database, the meteorological information base sharing information. It collects and transforms the typhoon marine meteorological data, and preprocesses the typhoon marine meteorological model outputs for fine forecasts. This layer provides data services for application component layers and operational service layers. The application component layer contains the basic components and functional components. The basic components mainly refer to components based on MICAPS4 kernel framework, including the underlying services such as graphics engine, basic management, plug-in management, service management and GIS components. Function components mainly include data analysis, streamline analysis, contour analysis, interactive tools, product production, product release and other basic functions. These components provide support for the operational service layer through the interface service. The operational service layer covers all functions of the service, which are used to display and receive data and provide an interactive interface. It integrates typhoon, marine meteorological data retrieval, data display, fine grid editing, typhoon track production, product production, product release and other applications, through the interactive operation, to achieve operational early warning and forecasting function.Typhoon and Marine Meteorological Integrated Operational System has been put into use as the main platform of typhoon and marine meteorological forecasting and warning service in China National Meteorological Center. With functions of comprehensive retrieval and display of meteorological data, fine grid editing, forecast and service product making, product publication, and other basic operational functions, the system significantly enhances the fine forecasting ability of typhoon and marine meteorological. It also shows good operational application ability and development prospects.
Typhoon and Marine Meteorological Integrated Operational System, designed for typhoon and marine meteorological warning and forecasting operations, is an integrated platform based on MICAPS4(Meteorological Information Comprehensive Analysis and Processing System Version 4) framework, providing functions of information retrieval, displaying of typhoon track, marine meteorological observations and numerical forecast products, as well as service product production, distribution and other functions.Typhoon and Marine Meteorological Integrated Operational System consists of three layers, namely,data layer, application component layer and operational service layer. The data layer refers to the database, file system and corresponding processing and management system of the application server. It mainly includes the management and maintenance of the typhoon real-time database, the marine meteorological product database, the meteorological information base sharing information. It collects and transforms the typhoon marine meteorological data, and preprocesses the typhoon marine meteorological model outputs for fine forecasts. This layer provides data services for application component layers and operational service layers. The application component layer contains the basic components and functional components. The basic components mainly refer to components based on MICAPS4 kernel framework, including the underlying services such as graphics engine, basic management, plug-in management, service management and GIS components. Function components mainly include data analysis, streamline analysis, contour analysis, interactive tools, product production, product release and other basic functions. These components provide support for the operational service layer through the interface service. The operational service layer covers all functions of the service, which are used to display and receive data and provide an interactive interface. It integrates typhoon, marine meteorological data retrieval, data display, fine grid editing, typhoon track production, product production, product release and other applications, through the interactive operation, to achieve operational early warning and forecasting function.Typhoon and Marine Meteorological Integrated Operational System has been put into use as the main platform of typhoon and marine meteorological forecasting and warning service in China National Meteorological Center. With functions of comprehensive retrieval and display of meteorological data, fine grid editing, forecast and service product making, product publication, and other basic operational functions, the system significantly enhances the fine forecasting ability of typhoon and marine meteorological. It also shows good operational application ability and development prospects.
引文
[1]李月安,曹莉,高嵩,等.MICAPS预报业务平台现状与发展.气象,2010,36(7):50-55.
[2]钱传海,端义宏,麻素红,等.我国台风业务现状及其关键技术.气象科技进展,2012,2(5):36-43.
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[4]Yu L,Cao L,Li Y,et al.Introduce on Typhoon Forecast Operational System//Proceedings of 27th IIPS for Meteorology,Oceanography,and Hydrology.2011.
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[6]郑卫江,吴焕萍,罗兵,等.GIS技术在台风预报服务产品制作系统中的应用.应用气象学报,2010,21(2):250-255.
[7]沈学顺,苏勇,胡江林,等.GRAPES_GFS全球中期预报系统的研发和业务化.应用气象学报,2017,28(1):1-10.
[8]曹勇,刘凑华,宗志平,等.国家级格点化定量降水预报系统.气象,2006,42(12):1476-1482.
[9]章国材.气象云建设的研究与思考.气象与环境科学,2015,4(38):1-11.
[10]王晨稀,梁旭东.热带气旋路径集合预报试验.应用气象学报,2007,18(5):586-593.
[11]高嵩,毕宝贵,李月安,等.MICAPS4预报业务系统建设进展与未来发展.应用气象学报,2017,28(5):512-531.
[12]李月安,曹莉,沃伟峰,等.强天气监测和潜势预报系统.应用气象学报,2006,17(增刊I):141-146.
[13]于连庆,李月安,高嵩,等.集合预报产品综合分析显示平台关键技术与实现.应用气象学报,2015,26(3):369-377.
[14]胡文东,黄小玉,赵光平,等.高空基本影响天气系统定量化自动分析研究.气象,2008,34(6):107-111.
[15]熊安元,赵芳,王颖,等.全国综合气象信息共享系统的设计与实现.应用气象学报,2015,26(4):500-512.
[16]李集明,沈文海,王国复.气象信息共享平台及其关键技术研究.应用气象学报,2006,17(5):621-628.
[17]高嵩,任延洋,李开元,等.气象信息综合分析处理系统第四版(MICAPS4.0)客户端使用指南.北京:气象出版社,2017:1-280.
[18]王若瞳,黄向东,张博,等.海量气象数据实时解析与存储系统的设计与实现.计算机工程与科学,2015,37(11):2045-2054.
[19]胡争光,郑卫江,高嵩,等.气象GIS网络平台关键技术研究与实现.应用气象学报,2014,25(3):365-374.
[20]钱奇峰,张长安,高拴柱,等.台风路径集合预报的实时订正技术研究.热带气象学报,2014,30(5):905-910.
[21]高拴柱,张守峰,钱传海,等.基于位置误差的分布制作热带气旋路径袭击概率预报.气象,2009,35(9):38-43.
[22]张守峰,钱传海,高拴柱,等.热带气旋路径预报概率圆应用.气象科技,2010,38(2):150-164.
[2]钱传海,端义宏,麻素红,等.我国台风业务现状及其关键技术.气象科技进展,2012,2(5):36-43.
[3]尹尽勇,徐晶,曹越男,等.我国海洋气象预报业务现状与发展.气象科技进展,2012,2(6):17-26.
[4]Yu L,Cao L,Li Y,et al.Introduce on Typhoon Forecast Operational System//Proceedings of 27th IIPS for Meteorology,Oceanography,and Hydrology.2011.
[5]高嵩,代刊,薛峰,基于MICAPS3.2平台的格点编辑平台设计与开发.气象,2014,40(9):1152-1158.
[6]郑卫江,吴焕萍,罗兵,等.GIS技术在台风预报服务产品制作系统中的应用.应用气象学报,2010,21(2):250-255.
[7]沈学顺,苏勇,胡江林,等.GRAPES_GFS全球中期预报系统的研发和业务化.应用气象学报,2017,28(1):1-10.
[8]曹勇,刘凑华,宗志平,等.国家级格点化定量降水预报系统.气象,2006,42(12):1476-1482.
[9]章国材.气象云建设的研究与思考.气象与环境科学,2015,4(38):1-11.
[10]王晨稀,梁旭东.热带气旋路径集合预报试验.应用气象学报,2007,18(5):586-593.
[11]高嵩,毕宝贵,李月安,等.MICAPS4预报业务系统建设进展与未来发展.应用气象学报,2017,28(5):512-531.
[12]李月安,曹莉,沃伟峰,等.强天气监测和潜势预报系统.应用气象学报,2006,17(增刊I):141-146.
[13]于连庆,李月安,高嵩,等.集合预报产品综合分析显示平台关键技术与实现.应用气象学报,2015,26(3):369-377.
[14]胡文东,黄小玉,赵光平,等.高空基本影响天气系统定量化自动分析研究.气象,2008,34(6):107-111.
[15]熊安元,赵芳,王颖,等.全国综合气象信息共享系统的设计与实现.应用气象学报,2015,26(4):500-512.
[16]李集明,沈文海,王国复.气象信息共享平台及其关键技术研究.应用气象学报,2006,17(5):621-628.
[17]高嵩,任延洋,李开元,等.气象信息综合分析处理系统第四版(MICAPS4.0)客户端使用指南.北京:气象出版社,2017:1-280.
[18]王若瞳,黄向东,张博,等.海量气象数据实时解析与存储系统的设计与实现.计算机工程与科学,2015,37(11):2045-2054.
[19]胡争光,郑卫江,高嵩,等.气象GIS网络平台关键技术研究与实现.应用气象学报,2014,25(3):365-374.
[20]钱奇峰,张长安,高拴柱,等.台风路径集合预报的实时订正技术研究.热带气象学报,2014,30(5):905-910.
[21]高拴柱,张守峰,钱传海,等.基于位置误差的分布制作热带气旋路径袭击概率预报.气象,2009,35(9):38-43.
[22]张守峰,钱传海,高拴柱,等.热带气旋路径预报概率圆应用.气象科技,2010,38(2):150-164.