基于SEM的装配式建筑施工安全关键风险分析
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摘要
为预防施工安全事故,梳理文献和安全技术规程,从预制构件生产、进场及运输、存放、吊运、安装5个阶段,识别装配式建筑施工安全25个主要风险,并通过调查问卷收集数据;采用结构方程模型(SEM)进行25个风险的验证性因素分析(CFA),筛选出18个关键风险因素,并分析5个阶段风险因素间的关联性。结果表明:装配式建筑施工过程各阶段的风险排序为:预制构件存放阶段>吊运阶段>进场及运输阶段>安装阶段>生产阶段;各阶段存在安全风险的关联性排序为:存放-吊运阶段>生产-进场及运输阶段>存放-安装阶段>存放-进场及运输阶段>吊运-安装阶段>生产-吊运阶段>安装-进场及运输阶段>吊运-进场及运输阶段>生产-存放阶段>生产-安装阶段。
In order to prevent construction accidents,relevant literature and safety technical regulations were reviewed and 25 major risks in prefabricated building construction were identified from five stages of production,approach and transportation,storage,hoisting and installation of prefabricated components.Data were collected through questionnaires and the SEM was used to conduct CFA of these 25 risks and then 18 key risk factors were screened. The correlations among risk factors in five stages were analyzed.The results show that the sequence from high to low of risks in each stage of prefabricated building construction process is: prefabricated components storage stage, hoisting stage, approach and transportation stage,installation stage,and production stage,and that the sequence from high to low of correlations of each stage is: storage-hoisting, production-approach and transportation, storageinstallation,storage-approach and transportation,hoisting-installation,production-hoisting,installationapproach and transportation,hoisting-approach and transportation,production-storage,and productioninstallation.
In order to prevent construction accidents,relevant literature and safety technical regulations were reviewed and 25 major risks in prefabricated building construction were identified from five stages of production,approach and transportation,storage,hoisting and installation of prefabricated components.Data were collected through questionnaires and the SEM was used to conduct CFA of these 25 risks and then 18 key risk factors were screened. The correlations among risk factors in five stages were analyzed.The results show that the sequence from high to low of risks in each stage of prefabricated building construction process is: prefabricated components storage stage, hoisting stage, approach and transportation stage,installation stage,and production stage,and that the sequence from high to low of correlations of each stage is: storage-hoisting, production-approach and transportation, storageinstallation,storage-approach and transportation,hoisting-installation,production-hoisting,installationapproach and transportation,hoisting-approach and transportation,production-storage,and productioninstallation.
引文
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[4]王志强,张樵民,王国强,等.基于FTA-SPA-灰色聚类的装配式建筑施工安全测评[J].安全与环境工程,2018,25(2):166-173.WANG Zhiqiang,ZHANG Qiaomin,WANG Guoqiang,et al.Safety evaluation ofprefabricated building construction based on fta-spa-grey clustering[J].Safety And Environmental Engineering,2008,25(2):166-173.
[5]刘娇,苑俊丽,常春光.基于未确知测度的装配式建筑施工安全风险评价[J].沈阳建筑大学学报:社会科学版,2017,19(4):387-393.LIU Jiao,YUAN Junli,CHANG Chunguang.Safety risk assessment of prefabricated building construction based on unascertained measure[J].Journal of Shenyang Jianzhu University:Social Science Edition,2017,19(4):387-393.
[6]FARD M M,TEROUHID S A,KIBERT C J,et al.Safety concerns related to modular/prefabricated building construction[J].International Journal of Injury Control and Safety Promotion,2017,24(1):10-23.
[7]陈伟,付杰,熊付刚,等.装配式建筑工程施工安全灰色聚类测评模型[J].中国安全科学学报,2016,26(11):70-75.CHEN Wei,FU Jie,XIONG Fugang,et al.Grey clustering evaluation model for construction safety offabricated building project[J].China Safety Science Journal,2016,26(11):70-75.
[8]李英攀,刘名强,王芳,等.装配式建筑项目安全绩效云模型评价方法[J].中国安全科学学报,2017,27(6):115-120.LI Yingpan,LIU Mingqiang,WANG Fang,et al.Safety performance assessment of fabricated building projectbased on cloud model[J].China Safety Science Journal,2017,27(6):115-120.
[9]刘明强,李英攀,陈晓,等.装配式建筑安全文明施工费RS-LSSVM预测方法[J].中国安全科学学报,2018,28(1):149-154.LIU Mingqiang,LI Yingpan,CHEN Xiao,et al.Prediction of safety-civilized measure cost for fabricated building project based on RS-LSSVM[J].China Safety Science Journal,2018,28(1):149-154.
[10]SEO H,LEE Y,KIM J,et al.Analyzing safety behaviors of temporary construction workers using structural equation modeling[J].Safety Science,2015,77:160-168.
[11]GUNDUZ M,BIRGONUL M T,OZDEMIR M.Development of of a safety performance index assessment tool by using a fuzzy structural equation model for construction sites[J].Automation In Construction,2018,85:124-134.
[12]HSU I,SU T,KAO C,et al.Analysis of business safety performance by structural equation models[J].Safety Science,2012,50(1):1-11.
[13]ZAIRA M M,HADIKUSUMO B H W.Structural equation model of integrated safety intervention practices affecting the safety behaviour of workers in the construction industry[J].Safety Science,2017,98:124-135.
[14]李皓燃.面向设计过程的装配式建筑施工安全风险控制研究[D].南京:东南大学,2018.LI Haoran.Research on control of prefabricated building construction safety risk based on design process[D].Nanjing:Southeast University,2018.