厚圆盘弯曲振动辐射声场指向性研究
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摘要
厚盘辐射体机械强度高,横向尺寸小,在高频大功率声辐射条件被广泛应用。基于Mindin理论对厚圆盘的弯曲振动辐射声场特性进行了研究,推导出三种边界条件下厚圆盘辐射声场指向性的数值表达式,编制程序并研究其声辐射特性。结果表明,不同边界条件下的相同尺寸厚圆盘各阶指向性的尖锐程度不同,其中固定边界条件下辐射主声束角宽度最窄即指向性最尖锐,自由边界条件下主声束角宽度最宽,即指向性最不尖锐,简支边界条件次之;并且随着振动阶数和厚度的增加,各边界条件下厚圆盘的辐射声场主瓣指向性越来越尖锐,旁瓣逐渐增加,指向性变得越来越复杂。对同一频率、不同材料的厚盘,材料对其指向性的影响较小,但对同一尺寸、不同频率的厚盘,材料对其指向性的影响较大,研究结果对厚盘弯曲振动辐射体的应用提供了参考。
The thick disk radiator is a good choice for high power and high frequency sound radiation because of high mechanical strength and small lateral size. The sound field characteristics radiated by the flexural vibration of thick disk are studied based on Mindin theory. Numerical expression of the sound field directivity for thick circular plate under three boundary conditions is derived and its sound radiation characteristics are studied with the compiled program. Results show that the directivities of the same size thick disk under different boundary conditions are different:under the fixed boundary condition the sound radiation directivity is the best, and the next under the simply supported boundary condition, the worst under free boundary condition; moreover, with the increase of the thickness, under different boundary conditions the main lobes of the radiation sound field all become sharper, and correspondingly the sidelobes increase gradually, thus the directivity becomes more and more complex. For the thick disk of the same frequency, the material has little influence on its directivity; however, for the thick disk of the same size, the material has a great influence on its directivity. The results provide a reference for the practical application of the thick disk flexural vibration radiator.
The thick disk radiator is a good choice for high power and high frequency sound radiation because of high mechanical strength and small lateral size. The sound field characteristics radiated by the flexural vibration of thick disk are studied based on Mindin theory. Numerical expression of the sound field directivity for thick circular plate under three boundary conditions is derived and its sound radiation characteristics are studied with the compiled program. Results show that the directivities of the same size thick disk under different boundary conditions are different:under the fixed boundary condition the sound radiation directivity is the best, and the next under the simply supported boundary condition, the worst under free boundary condition; moreover, with the increase of the thickness, under different boundary conditions the main lobes of the radiation sound field all become sharper, and correspondingly the sidelobes increase gradually, thus the directivity becomes more and more complex. For the thick disk of the same frequency, the material has little influence on its directivity; however, for the thick disk of the same size, the material has a great influence on its directivity. The results provide a reference for the practical application of the thick disk flexural vibration radiator.
引文
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[16]刘志永,贺西平,周宏健.厚圆盘基频振动声场指向性[J].云南大学学报(自然科学版),2011,33(5):569-572.LIU Zhiyong,HE Xiping,ZHOU Hongjian.Directivity of the sound field of the thick disk in the fundamental frequency vibration[J].Journal of Yunnan University(Natural Science Edition),2011,33(5):569-572.
[17]刘志永.中厚盘弯曲振动特性及指向性研究[D].西安:陕西师范大学,2011:33-43.LIU Zhiyong.Study on bending vibration characteristics and directivity of medium thick plate[D].Xi’an:Shaanxi Normal University,2011:33-43.
[2]王兆球,张淑仪.高频空气声换能器研究现状和展望[J].应用声学,1992,11(2):1-5.WANG Zhaoqiu,ZHANG Shuyi.Research status and prospect of high frequency air acoustic transducer[J].Applied Acoustics,1992,11(2):1-5.
[3]GAO J R,CAO C D,WEI B.Containerless proeessing of materials by acoustics Levitation[J].Ady.Space.Res.1999,24(10):1293-1297.
[4]UEHA S,HASHIMOTO Y,KOIKE Y.Non-contact transportation Using near-field acoustic levitation[J].Ultrasonics,2000,38(1):26-32.
[5]COHEN J S,YANG T C S.Progress in food dehydration[J].Trends in Food Science&Technology,1995,22(6):20-25.
[6]贺西平,宋旭霞,李伟.阶梯圆盘的设计及其声参数计算[J].声学学报,2010,35(5):505-506.HE Xiping,SONG Xuxia,LI Wei.Design and calculation of the parameters of stepped plate and sound[J].Acta Acustica,2010,35(5):505-506
[7]张频.弯振圆盘和阶梯板的辐射阻抗及声场研究[D].西安:陕西师范大学,2007:43-44.ZHANG Pin.Study on radiation impedance and sound field of the flat and stepped circular plates in flexural vibration[D].Xi’an:Shaanxi Normal University,2007:43-44.
[8]林书玉.弯曲振动超声换能器的振动特性及辐射声场研究[J].陕西师范大学学报(自然科学版),2003,31(3):32-39.LIN Shuyu.Study on vibration characteristics and radiated sound field of flexural vibration ultrasonic transducer[J].Journal of Shaanxi Normal University(Natural Science Edition),2003,31(3):32-39.
[9]张光斌,林书玉.气介弯曲振动换能器的辐射声压及指向特性[J].陕西师范大学学报(自然科学版),1999,27(3):26-49.ZHANG Guangbin,LIN Shuyu.Radiated sound pressure and directivity of a gas-induced bending vibration transducer[J].Journal of Shaanxi Normal University(Natural Science Edition),1999,27(3):26-49.
[10]何正耀,马远良,蒋伟,等.任意阵型水声换能器阵辐射声场计算[J].应用声学,2006,25(2):69-75.HE Zhengyao,MA Yuanliang,JIANG Wei,et al.Arbitrary array acoustic transducer array radiation field calculation[J].Applied Acoustics,2006,25(2):69-75.
[11]刘婷,宋旭霞,贺西平,等.阶梯圆盘复杂设计程序中参数初值的确定[J].云南大学学报(自然科学版),2011,12(6):60-65.LIU Ting,SONG Xuxia,HE Xiping,et al.Determinationthe initial values of the parameters of stepped plate complex in the design program[J].Journal of Yunnan University(Natural Science Edition),2011,12(6):60-65.
[12]曹志远.厚板动力学理论及其应用[M].北京:科学出版社,1983.CAO Zhiyuan.The plate dynamics theory and application[M].Beijing:Science Press,1983.
[13]范家让.强厚度叠层板壳的精确理论[M].北京:科学出版社,1998.FAN Jiarang.Accurate theory of thick laminated plates and shells[M].Beijing:Science Press,1998.
[14]徐旭,何福保.厚板振动的三维弹性力学解[J].应用数学和力学,1998,19(7):78-82.XU Xu,HE Fubao.Three dimensional elasticity solution for vibration problem of thick plate[J].Applied Mathematics and Mechanics,1998,19(7):78-82.
[15]潘晓娟,贺西平.厚圆盘弯曲振动的研究[J].物理学报,2010,59(11):7911-7915.PAN Xiaojuan,HE Xiping.Study on the thick disk bending vibration[J].Journal of Physics,2010,59(11):7911-915.
[16]刘志永,贺西平,周宏健.厚圆盘基频振动声场指向性[J].云南大学学报(自然科学版),2011,33(5):569-572.LIU Zhiyong,HE Xiping,ZHOU Hongjian.Directivity of the sound field of the thick disk in the fundamental frequency vibration[J].Journal of Yunnan University(Natural Science Edition),2011,33(5):569-572.
[17]刘志永.中厚盘弯曲振动特性及指向性研究[D].西安:陕西师范大学,2011:33-43.LIU Zhiyong.Study on bending vibration characteristics and directivity of medium thick plate[D].Xi’an:Shaanxi Normal University,2011:33-43.